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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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End date: 2017 × Start date: 2017 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF ENRICHED PHOSPHATIC SLUDGE APPLICATION ON SOIL PROPERTIES, GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF FIELD BEAN (Vicia faba L.) AND FINGER MILLET (Eleusine coracana L.) CROPS
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-12-27) MORAM, HARSITHA; PRAKASH, N. B
    Characterization of enriched phosphatic sludge (EPS) revealed that, it contained high amounts of phosphorus (6.88 %) and organic carbon (11.50 %) with appreciable amounts of secondary and micro nutrients. In the incubation study, rate of release of major, secondary and micronutrients was higher in the treatment with EPS @ 1250 kg ha-1 over control. In the pot culture experiment, application of RDF + EPS @ 750 kg ha-1 significantly increased the plant height, dry matter production and nutrient uptake by above ground dry matter of finger millet at 60 DAS. Nutrient status (major, secondary and micro nutrients) was higher in treatment with RDF + EPS @ 1000 kg ha-1. Further, field experiments were conducted to study the effect of enriched phosphatic sludge (EPS) application on soil properties, growth, yield and quality of field bean and finger millet during 2015-16 in V.C. farm, Mandya, with 12 treatments replicated thrice by adopting RCBD design. Higher pod (9.45 q ha-1), stalk (23.14 q ha-1) yield and uptake of nutrients in field bean were recorded in treatment with RDF + EPS @ 750 kg ha-1. Higher grain (38.74 q ha-1), straw (43.0 q ha-1) yield and uptake of nutrients in finger millet was recorded with the application of EPS @ 750 kg ha-1 along with RDF. In case of finger millet and field bean, available nutrient status was improved in treatments which received RDF + EPS @ 1000 kg ha-1, RDF + EPS @ 750 kg ha-1 and RDF + FYM respectively. Economic analysis revealed that, higher B: C ratio was obtained in treatment RDF + FYM and followed by RDF + EPS @ 750 kg ha-1 in both field bean and finger millet crops.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ENRICHED PHOSPHATIC SLUDGE APPLICATION ON SOIL PROPERTIES, GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) AND PADDY (Oryza sativa L.) CROPS
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-12-27) ERESH; PRAKASH, S. S.
    Analysis of enriched phosphatic sludge (EPS) revealed that it contained 11.30 per cent organic carbon, 6.88 per cent phosphorus and appreciable amount of other nutrients and can be used as manure in crop production. Incubation studies revealed that rate of release of major, secondary and micronutrients was higher in T7 (soil + EPS @ 1250 kg ha-1) over control under flooded condition. Pot culture experiments revealed that application of RDF + EPS @ 750 kg ha-1 significantly increased the plant height, dry matter production and nutrient uptake by paddy at 60 DAT. The heavy metal content in soil and plants were below detection limit. Further, field experiments revealed that kernel and stover yield of maize increased with increasing levels of EPS as compared to control and significantly higher kernel (90.84 q ha-1) and stover (110.80 q ha-1) yield and nutrient uptake was recorded due to application of RDF + 750 kg EPS ha-1 and it was on par with RDF + FYM @ 10 t ha-1. Grain (76.70 q ha-1) and straw (89.37 q ha-1) yield of paddy was higher with the application of RDF + 750 kg EPS ha-1. Nutrient status of soil after harvest of maize and paddy was improved in treatment which received RDF + 1000 kg EPS ha-1, RDF +750 kg EPS ha-1 and RDF + FYM @ 10 t ha-1. Economic analysis revealed that, highest B: C (2.50) was obtained in treatment T2 which received RDF + FYM 10 t ha-1 in maize and highest B:C (2.46) was obtained in treatment T6 which received RDF + 750 kg EPS ha-1 in case of paddy. The heavy metal elements content was below detection limit both in rice and maize kernel and in soil.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON ETIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF BETELVINE (Piper betle L.) WILT [Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.]
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-12-27) SOMANING NARAYANA, SHANKARANAVAR; SOMASEKHARA, Y. M.
    Betelvine (Piper betle L.) wilt [Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.] is threatening disease in Karnataka due to severe wilting of the plants. Survey revealed that, the highest incidence of wilt in Ramanagar district (33.58%) followed by Hassan (27.42%) and Chikkaballapur (23.05%), whereas lowest wilt incidence in Kolar district (13.25%). Fungus isolated from infected roots and proved pathogenicity, and pathogen produced abundant micro and macro conidia, along with terminal and intercalary chlamydospores in the mycelium. Maximum radial growth as well as mycelial dry matter weight of the pathogen was found in Nash and Snyder’s medium on solid and in liquid form, respectively. In vitro evaluation of fungicides revealed that maximum inhibition of pathogen was found in tebuconazole (91.30%) and tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin (89.81%) followed by carbendazim + mancozeb (88.15%), carbendazim (85.74%) and propiconazole (83.89%). Similarly, Trichoderma harzianum (Th-55) (85.00%) and Bacillus subtilis (P-24) (72.59%) resulted in maximum inhibition of the pathogen in vitro. Under field conditions tebuconazole and propiconazole treated vines showed significantly less wilt incidence of 22.22 and 30.56 per cent, respectively and tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin (44.44%) and carbendazim + mancozeb (47.22%) were on par. Whereas, soil population of the pathogen was significantly reduced in tebuconazole (1.53 ×103 cfu/g of soil) and propiconazole (2.14×103 cfu/g of soil) treated soil. T. harzianum (Th-55) (22.22%) was most effective bio-agent in reducing wilt incidence in comparison with the initial disease level followed by B. subtilis (27.78%), B. subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens (27.78%) and T2+T3+T4+T5 (27.78%) which were on par with each other. The soil population of F. solani was significantly reduced in T. harzianum (Th-55) (2.31 ×103 cfu/g of soil) and T2+T3+T4+T5 (3.57 ×103 cfu/g of soil) treated soil. The fungicides viz., tebuconazole, propiconazole and the antagonist T. harzianum (Th-55) are useful in reducing betelvine wilt disease.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Molecular characterization of Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus isolated from different field crops and its interactive effect with microbial consortia on growth and yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) and Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-12-02) SANTOSHA GOWDA, G. B.; EARANNA, N.
    The Gluconacetobacter species are known to fix large amount of nitrogen without the formation of nodules in monocot plants particularly in sugarcane. This led to recognition of its importance in agriculture. In the present study, four Gluconacetobacters were isolated from Finger millet (R-01), Maize (MZ-01), Sorghum (SO-01) and Sugarcane (SU-01). The four isolates produced brown pigments on PDA and GYC media and orange pigment on LGI-P medium. Besides, they also produced IAA, solubilized P and Zn. These isolates were identified as Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus by 16S rRNA gene sequence and screened for their efficiency on increasing growth and yield of maize and finger millet under glass house conditions. The isolate of maize (MZ-01) and its consortium consisting of G. diazotrophicus MZ-01 + B. megaterium + G. fasciculatum was found more efficient in enhancing the growth and yield. Therefore, the G. diazotrophicus MZ-01 and its consortia with 50 % recommended dose of fertilizers were selected for field studies. In the field experiment also the consortium of G. diazotrophicus MZ-01 + B. megaterium + G. fasciculatum + 50 % RDF NP found on par with 100 % RDF NP. Further, microbial population including beneficial microbes increased as the age of the plants increased and found maximum at flowering stage in both pot as well as field experiments. Thus, the G. diazotrophicus MZ-01 found superior bacterial inoculant for field crops and could save 50 % nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIVIRAL MUSHROOMS FROM THE WESTERN GHATS OF KARNATAKA
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-11-27) MANOJ, R.; EARANNA, N.
    Mushrooms are not only known for their nutritional properties but also for the antiviral properties. Wild mushrooms (20) were collected from the Western Ghats of Karnataka, identified and screened for antiviral properties in the present study. Edible mushrooms (4) were also collected for screening against two animal viruses. Among these mushrooms, one was identified as Ganoderma lucidum based on its phenotypic characters and the other nineteen mushrooms were identified by ITS region sequence using National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) GenBank as Lentinus sp. (WGM-2), Pycnoporous sanguineus (WGM-03), Leucocoprinus birnbaumii (WGM-04), Trametes versicolor (WGM-05), Pleurotus djamor (WGM-06), Auricularia sp.(WGM- 07), Termitomyces sp. (WGM-08), Laccaria vinaceoavellanea (WGM-09) Pluteus sp. (WGM- 10), Gymnopilus lepidotus (WGM-11), Leucocoprinus cepistipes (WGM-12), Leucoagaricus cf. majusculus (WGM-13), Microporus vernicipes (WGM-14) , Polyporales sp. (WGM-15), Agaricales sp. (WGM-16), Trametes elegans (WGM-17 ), Pluteus cervinus (WGM-18), Micromphale foetidum (WGM-19) and Pluteus chryzaegis (WGM-20). Aqueous extracts of twenty wild mushrooms and four cultivated mushrooms were screened against two animal viruses viz., Bovine Herpes Virus -1 (DNA virus) and Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) virus (RNA virus). Among 24 mushrooms, only 4 mushrooms viz., Lentinus sp. (WGM-02), Pycnoporous sanguineus (WGM-03), Leucocoprinus birnbaumii (WGM-04) and Trametes versicolor (WGM-05) extracts showed antiviral activity against both the viruses. Ganoderma lucidium (WGM-01) inhibited PPR virus and not BoVH-1 virus indicating its specificity and other mushrooms did not exhibit antiviral activities.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CHARACTERIZATION, CLASSIFICATION AND SUITABILITY EVALUATION OF SOILS OF BETTADAPURA MINI WATERSHED CHAMARAJANAGARA DISTRICT, KARNATAKA BY USING
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-11-27) CHIKKARAJU, S. N.; CHIKKARAMAPA., T
    Characterization, classification and crop suitability evaluation of soils was carried out in Bettadapura mini watershed of Chamarajanagara district, Karnataka using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The study area has semi-arid climate with average annual rain fall of 799.3 mm. Twenty pedons representing the entire study area were studied for morphological and physico-chemical properties. The soils are loamy sand to clay in texture, shallow to very deep in depth, dark yellowish brown to black in colour, slightly acidic to slightly alkaline in reaction, low to medium in organic carbon status. Based on morphometric characteristics, soils were classified as alfisols, inceptisols, entisols and vertisols. The study area was classified under land capability classes in to II, III and IV. About 55.32 per cent area is moderately cultivable with some limitations. An area of 19.54 per cent area is good for cultivation of crops. The soils were evaluated for crop suitability based on limitations classified in to highly suitable (S1), moderately suitable (S2), marginally suitable (S3) and permanently not suitable (N). The study area is highly suitable for cultivation of sorghum, cotton and red gram. Based on information obtained from the thematic maps and soil data, the soils were divided in to four groups and for which alternate land use options were suggested.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    CHARACTERIZATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CULTIVARS BY USING BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR MARKERS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-11-11) RANJITHA, H. P.; RAME, GOWDA
    Genetic purity assessment is an important criteria in seed production and seed certification programme. Therefore, simple and reliable techniques need to be developed for variety identification and seed genetic purity testing. An attempt was made to characterize thirty rice cultivars and hybrids along with their parental lines based on their morphological, biochemical and molecular markers during 2014 to 2017. Seed morphological characters were used for the broader classification of rice. Both standard and modified phenol tests with FeSO4 and CuSO4 were found effective in identifying some of the rice cultivars like MSN-36 (R) from CRMS-32(A) and KRH-4. Besides, KOH test was useful in identification of red kernel cultivars like CTH-1, CTH-3, JGL- 1798 and Jyothi. The zymogram of total soluble seed protein found to be useful in distinguishing the rice cultivars, parental lines and hybrids based on the relative intensity and mobility of bands. Among the tested isozymes, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) banding pattern found useful in differentiating the cultivars like CTH-1, IR-30864 and IR-64 at Rm value of 0.54 based on the intensity of bands. Out of 84 markers studied, 63 markers found to be polymorphic and 37 markers were unique for the cultivars and parental lines used in the study. These cultivar specific markers found useful for cultivar identification and characterization. Seven markers were confirmed hybridity of KRH-2 with its parental polymorphism and in case of KRH-4, 20 markers were confirmed hybridity of KRH-4 with its parental polymorphism. Unique markers were identified for the KRH-2 (RM164 and 263) and KRH-4 (RM21, RM 1385, RM 444 and RM 400). These primers can be effectively used for genetic purity assessment in KRH-2 and KRH- 4. This was the unique study to assess the genetic purity of these line at the seed/seedling stage and very useful in rice hybrid seed industry.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC TRAITS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ANTHESIS - SILKING INTERVAL IN MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-11-20) ARUNKUMAR, B; Gangappa, E.
    Moisture stress, especially during the vegetative and reproductive stages limits the grain yield by about 50 per cent in maize. A wider Anthesis Silking Interval (ASI) often results from drought stress at flowering. Narrow ASI is associated with drought tolerance and wider longer ASI is associated with drought susceptibility. An investigation was undertaken to assess the genetic potential of selected inbred lines and to identify stable and adaptable heterotic hybrid/s during 2012-2016. The study revealed ample evidence for the presence of genetic variability among the inbreds for grain yield and ASI. Less than unity of GCA/SCA ratio indicated the pre-dominance of nonadditive gene action governing the traits. The inbred MAI 283 was identified as a good general combiner. The hybrids MAI-283×KDMI-16, M 04×KDMI 16, BGUDI 88×MAI 394, BGUDI 120×VL 109252 and M 04×BGUDI 89 were identified as desirable specific combiners for grain yield. The hybrids, MAI-349×BGUDI-118, MAI-283×KDMI-16 and BGUDI-120×VL-109252 were found significantly superior to standard checks Hema and CP 818 for grain yield and ASI in desirable direction. Out of 380 single cross hybrids eight were selected and evaluated at three locations during rabi 2016 to identify stable and adaptable heterotic hybrid/s. The AMMI analysis of variance revealed significant contribution of hybrid, location and hybrid × location (GLI) interaction to variation in all the traits. The hybrids MAI 283×KDMI 16 for ASI and KDMI 16×BGUDI 118 for grain yield were found to have wider adaptation across the locations.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    HEALTH AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF FARM WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN HASSAN DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-11-20) SHIVASHANKAR, M.; Revanna, M. L
    Agriculture and food processing sectors are the backbone of India’s economy. The most common and vital enterprising activity for women in rural and urban area is food processing. The present study was undertaken with the objectives of assessing the health and nutritional status of farm women entrepreneurs, their socio economic profile, dietary pattern and knowledge level of health and nutritional aspects. Random stratified sampling technique was used for selection of 300 farm women entrepreneurs from the eight taluks of Hassan district. By considering the number of value added products enterprises in the taluks, 30 to 40 farm women entrepreneurs were selected randomly from each taluk to get 300 final sample size. The results revealed that the mean nutrient intake of farm women entrepreneurs was below the recommended dietary allowance for protein (41.18 g), fat (18.5 g), fiber (23.08 g), calcium (730.50 mg), iron (12.24 mg), β carotene (1821.61 μg) and vitamin C (26.15 mg). Nearly 65 per cent of the farm women had normal BMI, about one fourth of the farm women were under weight and only nine per cent of them are overweight. About 86 per cent of the farm women entrepreneurs were normal and 14 per cent of them were found to be obese. More number of the women entrepreneurs (63 %) produces finger millet based products like malt, hurihittu and papad. About 40.66 per cent women entrepreneurs were producing masala powder like sambar mix, bisibelebath and pulivagre mix. More than one fourth of the women entrepreneurs (27.33 %) are producing snack food items like potato chips, Chakkali, kodbale etc. Nearly 10 per cent of the women entrepreneurs produced products like papad, pickle, chutney powder and minor millets products. From the study, it can be brought to light that socio-economic characteristic, dietary pattern and EDP (Entrepreneurship Development Progranmme) influences farm women entrepreneurs to take up entrepreneurial activities. The skill training of farm women entrepreneurs by the state and central government institutes and loan availed through SHGs inspires them to take up entrepreneurial activities.