STUDIES ON ETIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF BETELVINE (Piper betle L.) WILT [Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.]
Loading...
Date
2017-12-27
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
Betelvine (Piper betle L.) wilt [Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.] is threatening disease in
Karnataka due to severe wilting of the plants. Survey revealed that, the highest incidence
of wilt in Ramanagar district (33.58%) followed by Hassan (27.42%) and Chikkaballapur
(23.05%), whereas lowest wilt incidence in Kolar district (13.25%). Fungus isolated from
infected roots and proved pathogenicity, and pathogen produced abundant micro and
macro conidia, along with terminal and intercalary chlamydospores in the mycelium.
Maximum radial growth as well as mycelial dry matter weight of the pathogen was found
in Nash and Snyder’s medium on solid and in liquid form, respectively. In vitro
evaluation of fungicides revealed that maximum inhibition of pathogen was found in
tebuconazole (91.30%) and tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin (89.81%) followed by
carbendazim + mancozeb (88.15%), carbendazim (85.74%) and propiconazole (83.89%).
Similarly, Trichoderma harzianum (Th-55) (85.00%) and Bacillus subtilis (P-24)
(72.59%) resulted in maximum inhibition of the pathogen in vitro. Under field conditions
tebuconazole and propiconazole treated vines showed significantly less wilt incidence of
22.22 and 30.56 per cent, respectively and tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin (44.44%) and
carbendazim + mancozeb (47.22%) were on par. Whereas, soil population of the
pathogen was significantly reduced in tebuconazole (1.53 ×103 cfu/g of soil) and
propiconazole (2.14×103 cfu/g of soil) treated soil. T. harzianum (Th-55) (22.22%) was
most effective bio-agent in reducing wilt incidence in comparison with the initial disease
level followed by B. subtilis (27.78%), B. subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens (27.78%) and
T2+T3+T4+T5 (27.78%) which were on par with each other. The soil population of F.
solani was significantly reduced in T. harzianum (Th-55) (2.31 ×103 cfu/g of soil) and
T2+T3+T4+T5 (3.57 ×103 cfu/g of soil) treated soil. The fungicides viz., tebuconazole,
propiconazole and the antagonist T. harzianum (Th-55) are useful in reducing betelvine
wilt disease.
Description
Keywords
null