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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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2010 - 201942020 - 20233
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Subject: Agricultural Biotechnology × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
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    ThesisItemEmbargo
    DEVELOPMENT OF MYMV RESISTANCE IN GREENGRAM [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] USING BULK SEGREGANT ANALYSIS
    (2023-01-20) POOJITHA; K. M. HARINIKUMAR
    Greengram (Vigna radiata (L). Wilczek) is an important pulse crop owing to its short growth duration, low water requirement, and its suitability for crop rotation and nutritional security being a rich source of protein. Greengram’s yield is greatly affected by numerous abiotic and biotic factors. Biotic stress produced by viruses especially Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus (MYMV) is the main constraint in mungbean production causing substantial yield reduction up to 85 per cent. In present study, 96 F2 genotypes from the cross between GG-ABL-449 x GG-ABL-265 were subjected to natural screening to assess their resistance or susceptibility against MYMV. F2 mapping population segregated in 70 susceptible: 26 resistant genotypes i.e., 3:1 ratio showing that resistance to MYMV is governed by monogenic recessive gene. Among 96 genotypes, seven were resistant, nineteen were moderately resistant, forty-one were moderately susceptible, twenty-two were susceptible and seven were highly susceptible. All the 96 genotypes were phenotypically evaluated for seven quantitative traits under field conditions. The GCV and PCV were found higher for important yield contributing traits and seed yield is positively correlated with major yield contributing traits. The parental polymorphism study showed two markers, CYR1 and VMYR1 polymorphic out of four Resistance Gene Analogue (RGA) primers linked to MYMV resistance which showed segregation in Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA). The markers CYR1 and VMYR1 showed differences between bulks and parents with a fragment size of 445 bp and 1236 bp respectively in resistant bulks indicating that these markers are tightly linked to the MYMV resistance gene.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR AND INSECTICIDAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL CRY TOXINS FROM Bacillus thuringiensis (BERLINER) AGAINST THE FALL ARMY WORM (Spodoptera frugiperda) AND BRINJAL ASH WEEVIL (Myllocerus subfasciatus)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, 2021-12-31) ANUSHA, D; NAGESHA, S N
    Twelve Bt strains were isolated from root nodules using six approaches, viz.,analysis of crystal protein production by microscopy; detection of cry gene content by PCR, Plasmid profiling, SDS-PAGE profiling; cloning and sequencing, phylogenetic analysis; and toxicity testing. Under a light microscope, all 12 Bt strains examined were gram-positive, endospore-forming, and had normal Bt crystal structures. A bipyramidal inclusion was predominant in 42.2 %. Five distinct plasmids were observed in the present study. Universal primers and gene specific primers were used to detect Cry-type genes by the PCR. The nucleotide sequences of amplified new cry genes were BLASTed against NCBI database sequences, and they were labeled as native Bt strains with high homology (60–100%) to existing Bt strains. The nucleotide sequences of new Bt cry genes were deposited in the NCBI GenBank database. Three new cry1, cry3A and cry26 complete crygenes were isolated. Cry genes were cloned and expressed in the pRSET vector. The inferred 3-D structural model of the novel cry gene, which was predicted using Phyre2 homology modeling, demonstrates that the gene has three domains that participate in the development of a pore and define the receptor's binding selectivity. The new Bt strains were highly pathogenic, with pathogenicity ranging from 93 to 100 percent against Spodoptera frugiperda larvae and Myllocerus subfasciatus adults. In conclusion, native Bt strains from root nodules were shown to have bio-insecticidal activity on larvae of S. frugiperda and adults of M. subfasciatus
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN MICROBIAL INOCULANTS ON EARLY BLIGHT OF TOMATO AND DOWNY MILDEW OF CUCUMBER
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2021-06-30) POOJA, R; RAVISHANKAR, K. V.
    Biocontrol agents in management of plant diseases are gaining huge importance due to their advantage over chemical control methods. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential antagonistic agents against Alternaria solani (which causes the early blight of tomato) and to understand the interaction between host, pathogen and biocontrol agent. Among the different isolates studied in dual culture assay JL5 (Trichoderma longibrachiatum), GJ16B (Trichoderma harzianum), UGF (Bacillus subtilis), LA (Trichoderma pleuroticum) showed significant inhibition of A. solani. GCMS analysis revealed the presence of different classes of VOCs (Volatile organic compounds) i.e. terpenes, alcohols, esters, aldehydes, hydrocarbons and also the induction of some VOCs in the mixed culture which are absent in pure culture of pathogen and Trichoderma sp. In in-vivo assay JL5, GJ16B and LA treated plants showed reduced symptoms of early blight compare to the control. The activity of defense related enzyme i.e peroxidase (POX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) found to be higher in JL5, GJ16B and UGF treated plants after inoculation of pathogen. The total phenol and flavonoid content of the plant showed increasing trend after challenging with pathogen being highest in all treated plants. Expression of defense related genes i.e. POX, PR2, PR1 increased in some treatments like JL5, UGF followed by pathogen inoculation indicating the role of the biocontrol agents in inducing the host defense response upon pathogen infection. Bioagents JL5, GJ16B and AMC were evaluated here did not show any effect on controlling downy mildew of cucumber under field condition
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF NEW INBRED LINES OF MAIZE (Zea mays L.) FOR TOLERANCE TO HEAT AND MOISTURE STRESS AND IDENTIFICATION OF POLYMORPHIC MARKERS BETWEEN CONTRASTING INBRED LINES
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BANGALORE, 2019-08-03) BUKKE KUTTI BAI; Ravikumar, R. L.
    Twenty one new inbred lines of maize derived through different cycles of pollen selection for heat stress tolerance were evaluated along with nine other inbred lines for seed yield and yield per se traits under field conditions during kharif 2018. Significant differences among inbred lines were observed among inbred lines for 14 quantitative traits except number of cobs per plant, cob diameter and number of kernels per row. High PCV and GCV were observed for plant height at 45 DAS, Anthesis Silking interval (ASI), number of kernels per row and seed yield per plant. High heritability coupled with high GAM was observed for plant height at harvest and seed yield per plant. Significant variability was observed among inbred lines for seedling heat and moisture stress tolerance in the laboratory testing. The inbred lines TPGB09 and TPGB03 were identified as heat stress tolerant while the inbred lines CPGB32 and TPGB12 were considered as moisture stress tolerant at seedling stage. Inbred lines developed through three cycles of pollen selection were more tolerant to heat stress at seedling stage compared to those developed through two and one cycle of pollen selection. Seven polymorphic SSRs markers each were identified between heats stress tolerant (BTM 2) and heat sensitive (CPGB30) and moisture stress tolerant (CPGB32) and moisture stress sensitive (BTM10) inbred lines. Expression of selected abiotic stress related genes viz., Hva22, Hsp, Sus1 and Sh1 was more in heat stress tolerant inbred line compared to heat stress sensitive inbred line under heat stress.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC DIVERSITY ESTIMATION FOR POD AND SEED QUALITY TRAITS IN BUSH TYPE FRENCH BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) ACCESSIONS
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, 2019-09-03) ASHWINI, D.; Shyamalamma, S
    French bean is an important grain legume grown for its green pods and dry seeds. The present study on diversity estimation for pod and seed quality characters was carried out on thirty French bean accessions along with check varieties based on morphological characters and SSR markers. The accessions IC329154, EC500474, EC559576 and EC283179 showed higher number of fresh pods per plant and total fresh pod weight. The accessions EC500474, EC530843, EC512801 and IC311676 showed higher number of dry pods per plant, seeds per pod and seed length. Majority of the accessions showed slightly curved pods with pear shaped pod cross section and all the accessions possessed string. In majority of the accessions seed shape observed was truncate fastigiated and exhibited varying seed coat pattern. The dominant pod colour was yellow green and dominant seed coat colour was orange white. The SSR markers, BM175 and BM164 exhibited higher polymorphism among the accessions and varieties. The PIC value ranged from 0.19-0.36. Dendrogram constructed to assess the genetic diversity among French bean accessions and varieties using SSR marker data grouped accessions into two major clusters. The accessions mentioned above can be used in the breeding programme, for pod and seed quality traits.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF INTRASPECIFIC LINKAGE MAP OF CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.) USING SSR MARKERS TO IDENTIFY QTL’S INFLUENCING FUSARIUM WILT RESISTANCE, SEED YIELD AND YIELD RELATED TRAITS
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2016-12-23) DALPAT, LAL; Ravikumar, R. L.
    Fusarium wilt (FW) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri, is one of the important soil borne disease of chickpea. Eight races of the pathogen have been reported and race 1A is a more prevalent in India causing significant yield losses. The present study aim to validate reported linked markers for wilt resistance to race 1A, using recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from cross JG 62 (FW susceptible) and WR 315 (FW resistant). Forty two markers linked to FW resistance in chickpea were selected for validation. Twenty three markers were polymorphic in parents and used for genotyping the RILs. The RILs were phenotyped for wilt reaction over two seasons in sick field at ICRISAT and in sick pots in the green house condition. The linkage map with 23 markers had three linkage groups with an average marker density of 9.53 cM. Five QTLs for early wilting and three QTLs for late wilting were identified. In addition sixty polymorphic markers were used for genotyping the RILs and developed a linkage map. The map had two linkage groups with coverage of 768.92 cM and marker density of 13.73 cM. Totally 12 QTLs, five QTLs for wilt score on 30th day and seven for wilt score on 60th day were obtained for wilt reaction with a LOD score ranging from 2.75 to 9.36. The 13 markers which showed linkage to wilt resistance, were validated across nine diverse chickpea genotypes. Only two markers CS27 and CaM1402 were validated across genotypes and reliable. The marker H4G11, CaM1402, CS27 and H3A12 were found to be useful in molecular breeding for wilt resistant. Two major QTLs for days to 50% flowering, two for test weight and one for number of pods per plant were also identified by phenotyping the RILs over two seasons.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF T3 GENERATION TRANSGENIC TOBACCO WITH HEPATITIS B GENE FOR GROWTH, YIELD AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERS
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 2010-07-21) SANGH, CHANDRAMOHAN.; RAMANJINI GOWDA, P. H.
    Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of acute and chronic hepatitis. The current HBV vaccine is a biotechnology product that falls in the category of subunit vaccines and is made from yeast cells grown by fermentation. In recent years, a novel production system of vaccines-edible vaccines has been developed. Edible vaccines can serve multiple immunization priorities and offer advantages, including simplicity of use, lesser expense, enhanced immune responses at mucosal sites, and stimulation of humoral immunity. The plant-based production of vaccines provides new opportunities to develop oral vaccines for hepatitis B. Different host systems were employed to produce hepatitis B. In addition, a plant based HBsAg expression system makes possible the testing of an oral immunization strategy by simply feeding the plant samples. The present investigation lays emphasis on study of stability of the recombinant protein expressed in tobacco plants. Restriction digestion analysis of the gene construct pHB118 with restriction enzymes EcoRI and BamHI yielded two separate bands of 9.7kb and 3.6kb size. The presences of HBsAg gene in T3 transgenic plants were confirmed by PCR analysis. The transgenic tobacco plants showed the presence of 900 bp band in the PCR analysis. The crude protein obtained from the transformed tobacco plants were tested by SDS-PAGE for the presence of 24 kDa protein, and ELISA confirmed the antigen specificity and immunogenic nature of the Hepatitis B surface antigen. The T3 generation seeds obtained from the transgenic tobacco plants were tested for the germination in presence of kanamycin. It was observed that the segregation ratio was 3:1 indicating Mendelian inheritance. The growth parameters of T3 generation transgenic and control tobacco plants showed slight variations in growth between transgenic and control plants.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR PROFILING OF ABIOTIC STRESS RESISTANCE LOCI IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 40761) ASHOK, VIMAN; HARINIKUMAR, K M
    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important staple food crop that feeds half the world’s population. Among abiotic stresses, moisture stress is the 5th major problem limiting rice production in many regions of Asia. Rice is the biggest water consumer, requiring 2 to 3 times more water per unit of grain produced. Recognizing this water scarce problem globally for rice production, the better option is aerobic rice cultivation which saves almost 50 per cent of water compared to puddled situation. Generally all varieties do not perform well in aerobic condition. In this aspect, identifying different genotypes (traditional accessions and improved varieties) through allele mining in rice, where the alleles are associated with traits that enhance resistance to lower moisture stress by using trait specific SSR markers is one of the better options and plays an important role in direct selection of genotypes. Even these identified genotypes can also be used in breeding programs to improve desired agronomical traits through selection. Field evaluation of 62 different genotypes for root morphological traits, yield and yield attributed traits under aerobic condition revealed significant differences among genotypes for all traits. Root morphological traits are directly related to drought resistance, different genotypes with more root length and root number have been identified. These identified genotypes can be selected for the development of new varieties including Recombinant inbred lines (RILs), Near isogenic lines (NILs), Hybrids etc. and still there are many number of genotypes among land races and traditional varieties which can be further studied.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SIGNIFICANCE OF YNK INTERACTING PROTEINS UNDER OXIDATIVE STRESS USING Saccharomyces cerevisiae MODEL SYSTEM
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 41187) NAZIA, BANU; Theertha Prasad, D
    Adverse environmental conditions caused by drought, temperature, salinity are the most challenging factors that affect plant growth and survival. Organisms exposed to such stresses tend to accumulate reactive oxygen species (ROS) like hydrogen peroxide, superoxide etc. NDPKs are multi functional proteins that play an important role in cellular signaling processes involving regulation of ROS levels. Study was conducted using yeast strains like BWG7 (wild type) and ΔYNK (NDPK mutant strain). Yeast strain ΔYNK is highly susceptible to ROS compared to BWG7 based on the serial dilution, paper disc and Evans blue assay. High level expression of GST-YNK fusion protein using pGEX4T-YNK construct was achieved in E.coli BL21 strain. GST -YNK fusion protein was purified using GST sepharose affinity column and the purity was established by SDS-PAGE. GST-YNK fusion protein was conjugated to cyanogen bromide activated sepharose column and used for isolating the YNK binding proteins. Drastic reduction in the soluble protein and thermostable protein content was observed in both BWG7 and ΔYNK cells upon H2O2 treatment. SDS-PAGE showed significant differences in the protein profile in control as well as H2O2 treated BWG7 and ΔYNK cells. Increased number of YNK interacting protein was observed in BWG7 cells treated with H2O2 compared to ΔYNK. ΔYNK cells showed only one YNK interacting protein of low molecular weight in presence of H2O2. These results put together suggest that YNK is important for cellular metabolism, interact with several proteins in vivo, possibly regulate their function by its kinase activity. Deletion of YNK results in down regulation of certain proteins which could be the part of cellular signaling cascade.