MOLECULAR PROFILING OF ABIOTIC STRESS RESISTANCE LOCI IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
40761
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University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important staple food crop that feeds
half the world’s population. Among abiotic stresses, moisture stress is
the 5th major problem limiting rice production in many regions of Asia.
Rice is the biggest water consumer, requiring 2 to 3 times more water per
unit of grain produced. Recognizing this water scarce problem globally
for rice production, the better option is aerobic rice cultivation which
saves almost 50 per cent of water compared to puddled situation.
Generally all varieties do not perform well in aerobic condition. In this
aspect, identifying different genotypes (traditional accessions and
improved varieties) through allele mining in rice, where the alleles are
associated with traits that enhance resistance to lower moisture stress
by using trait specific SSR markers is one of the better options and plays
an important role in direct selection of genotypes. Even these identified
genotypes can also be used in breeding programs to improve desired
agronomical traits through selection. Field evaluation of 62 different
genotypes for root morphological traits, yield and yield attributed traits
under aerobic condition revealed significant differences among genotypes
for all traits. Root morphological traits are directly related to drought
resistance, different genotypes with more root length and root number
have been identified. These identified genotypes can be selected for the
development of new varieties including Recombinant inbred lines (RILs),
Near isogenic lines (NILs), Hybrids etc. and still there are many number
of genotypes among land races and traditional varieties which can be
further studied.