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M. Sc. Dissertations

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20165
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Subject: Molecular Biology and Biotechnology × Start date: 2016 ×
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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Plant regeneration in cultivated and wild species of cluster bean (Cyamopsis spp.)
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Puja Rani; Yadav, Neelam R.
    Cluster bean (Camopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub) commonly known as guar, is a hardy crop and considered as green gold due to galactomannan content.The present study was undertaken to observe the response of various explants viz., immature cotyledon, immature embryo, Cotyledonary node and hypocotyl of three genotypes HG2-20, HG 563 and C. serrataShinz.on different growth regulators and concentrations. The Cultured cotyledonary node and hypocotyl explants (15 days old) were taken from in vitro grown seedlings andimmature cotyledon, immature embryo axes explants taken fron pods. A total of 13, MS modified media supplemented with different concentrations of growth regulators TDZ, BAP, Kin and NAA were used for in vitro culture of explants. MS medium supplemented with TDZ alone and TDZ in combination with NAA was the most responsive medium for shoot regenerationin all three genotypes.Among the various explants, Cotyledonary node explants werefound to be the most responsive.Hypocotyl explants did not show shoot formation in all three genotypes. Both immature cotyledon and immature embryo axes explants showed good response for shoot regeneration on MS medium supplemented with TDZ (5 μM) with NAA (2 mg/l).The best shoot regeneration response (99.66%) from cotyledonary node explants was observed on MS medium containing TDZ (5μM) in C. tetragonoloba cv. HG 2-20. Maximum shoots per explant (Eight) was observed from embryo axes explants of C. serrata on MS medium supplemented with TDZ (5 μM). A total of Four MS modified media were used for rooting. None of media induced roots in all three genotypes.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Identification of hybrids and their parents through SSR profiling in maize [zea mays (L.)]
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Dinesh; Kharb, Pushpa
    Zea mays (L.), commonly known as maize or corn, is a diploid grain crop with 20 chromosomes (n=10) belonging to the family Poaceae. It is an important staple food in many countries and is also used in animal feed and has many industrial applications. The introduction of new hybrid seeds that can survive low winter conditions, off-season diseases and pests with high productivity has made maize a profitable alternative for small farmers. Higher genetic purity is an essential pre–requisite for commercialization of any hybrid because mixing of hybrids can decrease the production rate. So, clear cut identification is essential for protection and prevention of unauthorized commercial usage. The SSR markers are preferred molecular markers for genetic purity identification in many crops due to their high efficiency, co-dominance, reproducibility, simplicity and accessibility to laboratories. Total seven maize hybrids along with their ten parents were used in the study for identification of maize hybrids and their parents. Genomic DNA of maize hybrids (HM 5, HM 8, HM 9, HM 10, HM 11, HM 12, HM 13) and their respective parents (Hki 1344, Hki 1348-6-2, Hki 1105, Hki 161, Hki 1128, Hki 193-2, Hki 163, Hki 1378, Hki 488 IPG, Hki 193-1) were isolated using CTAB method. A total of 45 SSR primer pairs were used for amplification of the isolated genomic DNA. Gel electrophoresis was carried out for the separation and detection of the amplified products. Out of 45 SSR primer pairs used, 3 SSR primers could distinguish the different hybrids and their parents. The study will be very useful in detecting unwanted seed mixed with hybrid seed.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SSR marker based identification of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Chaudhary, Shalu; Kharb, Pushpa
    Zea mays, commonly called maize is a grain crop (n = 10) belonging to the family Poaceae. It is an important staple food in many countries and is also used in animal feed and has many industrial applications. Genetic diversity of maize plays a key role in maize breeding. The introduction of new hybrid seeds that can survive low winter conditions, off-season diseases and pests with high productivity has made maize a profitable alternative for small farmers. Higher genetic purity is an essential pre–requisite for commercialization of any hybrid because mixing of hybrids can decrease the production rate. So, clear cut identification is essential for protection and prevention of unauthorized commercial usage. The SSR markers are preferred molecular markers for genetic purity identification in many crops due to their high efficiency, co-dominance, reproducibility, simplicity and accessibility to laboratories so, in this study a total of 75 SSR primer pairs were used for identification of maize hybrids and their parents. Genomic DNA of maize hybrids and their parents (HKI193-1×HKI163-HQPM1, HKI1105×HKI323-HM4, HKI1352×HKI1344-HM2, HKI193-2 ×HKI161-HQPM1, HKI163×HKI161-HQPM5, and HKI193-1 × HKI16-HQPM7) were isolated using CTAB method. Gel electrophoresis was carried out for the separation and detection of the amplified products. Out of 75 SSR primer pairs used, 8 SSR primers could distinguish the different hybrids from their parents. The SSR data was used to determine genetic relationship among these genotypes by creating dendrogram. Cluster analysis distributed these hybrids and their parents genotypes into two major clusters and further, in two sub clusters. The number of allele per locus varied from was 1-3 and PIC value obtained were 0.402 for 2 alleles and 0.523 for 3 alleles. The study will be very useful in detecting unwanted seed mixed with hybrid seed.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Marker assisted selection for fusarium wilt and ascochyta blight resistance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Sandeep Kumar; Kharb, Pushpa
    The present investigation on marker assisted selection for resistance to Fusarium wilt and Ascochyta blight in chickpea was conducted with the objectives to screen the F3 genotypes of two crosses of chickpea for QTLs conferring resistance to Fusarium wilt and Ascochyta blight and to phenotype F 3-4 genotypes having QTLs resistant for Fusarium wilt under artificial conditions and Ascochyta blight under natural conditions. For selection of genotypes carrying QTL(s) for disease resistance, 96 genotypes of F3 generation along with parents HC 1 and H 91-36, and 68 genotypes of F 3 generation along with their parents GNG 663 and H 04-99 were used for Fusarium wilt and Ascochyta blight. 20 SSR primers linked to QTLs for resistance to Fusarium wilt (8 SSR primers) and Ascochyta blight (12 SSR Primers) were used. These 20 SSR were used to discriminate the parental genotypes in which for wilt 3 SSR primers and for blight 4 SSR primers showed polymorphism in cross HC 1 × H 91-36 while for wilt 6 SSR primers and for blight 8 SSR primers showed polymorphism in cross GNG 663 × H 04-99. By using the primers showed polymorphism for both Fusarium wilt and Ascochyta blight, 52 genotypes for Fusarium wilt and 64 genotypes for Ascochyta blight from cross HC 1 × H 91-36 were found having resistant QTLs. 50 genotypes for Fusarium wilt and 48 genotypes for Ascochyta blight from cross GNG 663 × H 04-99 were found having resistant QTLs. In cross HC 1 × H 91-36, 14 genotypes for Fusarium wilt and 20 genotypes for Ascochyta blight highly resistant while in cross GNG 663 × H 04 99, 20 genotype for Fusarium wilt and 17 genotypes for Ascochyta blight highly resistant were found. In collective investigation, 3 genotypes highly resistant and 6 genotypes resistant for both Fusarium wilt and Ascochyta blight were found in the cross HC 1 x H 91-36 and 6 genotypes highly resistant and 2 genotype resistant for both Fusarium wilt Ascochyta blight were found in the cross GNG 663 x H 04-99.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physio-morphological and molecular evaluation of Kharchia65 (Salt tolerant) x WH1105 (high yielding) F2 population in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.)
    (CCSHAU, 2016) Dang Nguyen Luu Vi Vy; Shikha Yashveer
    Experiments were conducted to validate markers (Nax1 and Nax2) for salinity tolerance and to study Physio-morphological and molecular evaluation of F 2 population in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.). Net house evaluation data showed enormous variation among Kharchia65 x WH1105 F 2 plants including plant height (cm), No. of tillers per plant, ear length (cm), No. of grains /ear, No. of spikelets/spike, 1000 grain weight (g), No. of grains per plant, biological yield per plant (g), harvest index (%), main spike weight (g) and grain yield per plant under salt stress condition. All the 208 F 2 plants were checked for Nax loci. Out of 208 Kharchia65 x WH1105 F 2 plants, 62 plants had both Nax1 and Nax2 loci. All the 62 F 2 plants were divided into seven major clusters interspersed between the two parental lines with the similarity coefficient of 0.55 Out of these 62 F 2 plants those having higher yield could be further backcrossed with the parent WH1105 to select salt tolerant wheat lines The information generated from this study can be used further in the improvement of wheat through various breeding programmes.