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M. Sc. Dissertations

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2007 - 2009162010 - 201673
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Subject: Horticulture × End date: 2016 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 89
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of organic manures on growth and flowering of French marigold (Tagetes patula L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2007) Subhash Chander; Beniwal, B.S.
    A pot experiment was conducted with three organic manures (FYM, vermicompost and poultry manure) along with six levels (50, 100, 250, 500, 750 and 1000g/kg of sand) during 2006-07 in the Deptt. of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to find out the effect of organic manures on growth, flowering and yield of French marigold (Tagetes patula L.). The growth parameters of French marigold (plant height, spread and number of shoots per plant) were maximum with the application of 1000g per kg of sand of different organic manures. Early floral bud initiation, early flowering, maximum number of flowers per plant, seed germination(%), seed vigour-I & II and per cent NPK content of plant were observed with the application of 1000g per kg of sand of different organic manures. Flower diameter, fresh weight of flower, seed yield per plant and 1000 seed weight recorded maximum with levels of 750g organic manures per kg of sand. Flower yield was maximum when fertilized with 750g per kg of sand with FYM and poultry manure with the level of 750g and in case of vermicompost it was maximum with 1000g vermicompost per kg of sand. Longevity of flower was highest (20 days) with the application of 1000g vermicompost per kg of sand. Among the different organic manures poultry manure gave the best results followed by vermicompost and FYM.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Floral biology mellitophily and pollination ecology of sarpagandha [Rauvolfia serpentina (Linn.) benth, ex kurz.]
    (CCSHAU, 2007) Wadhwa, Nidhi; Sihag, R.C.
    An abstract of the dissertation submitted to the Chudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Zoology. Medicinal plants, the world's oldest known source of health care products, play a key role in the production of traditional as well as modern medicines. Sarpagandha (Rauvolfia serpentina) is an important medicinal plant known for having several alkaloids useful for curing. The study was made on floral structure, floral phenology, melittophily, pollination ecology and the role of different modes of pollination in seed yield of sarpagandha. Floral structure was studied under dissecting microscope revealed the presence of protogynous condition in the flowers of sarpagandha .Abundance of insect visitors studied at hourly and weekly intervals which was maximum during peak flowering period of this plant. Nineteen insect species visited the crop of sarpagandha; out of these five species i.e. Papilio demoleus, Mellisodes sp., Xylocopa fenestrata, Megachile sp., Pieris brassicae were the main pollinators. Among the lepidopterous insects Papilio demoleus had highest foraging rate as compared to Pieris brassicae.Among the hymenopterous insects, Xylocopa visited maximum number of flower per minute, followed by Megachile sp. and Mellisodes sp. Among all the insect visitors, Papilio demoleus remained active for the longest duration on sarpagandha flower followed by Mellisodes sp., Xylocopa fenestrata, Pieris brassicae and Megachile sp., respectively. Pollinating efficiencies of the pollinators were derived on the basis of their abundance, foraging rate and mean activity duration. Among the five insect pollinators Papilio demoleus came out to be on the first place and seemed to be the best pollinator of this crop .Other pollinators with relatively lower ranking in descending order of pollinating efficiency were Mellisodes sp., Xylocopa fenestrata and Megachile sp. Studies on yield parameters revealed that sarpagandha flowers were highly benefited from insect visits, and insect pollination greatly enhanced its seed yield.Crop without insects produced very low seed yield. It was further revealed that sarpagandha is a cross-pollinated and entomophilous plant. The structure shape and fertility status of the flower clearly revealed that it has butterfly pollinated flowers and psychophily pollination syndrome existed in sarpagandha.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on moisture stress in ber (Ziziphus spp.)
    (CCSHAU, 2007) Shashi Kala; Godara, Anil
    Ber is drought tolerant and survives under extended moisture stress even when the surface soil completely dries out. The present investigations entitled “Studies on moisture stress in ber (Ziziphus spp.)” were conducted at CCS HAU, Hisar during 2006-07 for evaluating drought tolerance in Ziziphus species and cultivar(s) of Z. mauritiana. Moisture stress was created by withholding of irrigation upto 28th days in pots as well as in polyethylene bags. During stress, cv. Gola survived upto 28th day, Umran upto 21st day and Kaithli only upto 14th day. No significant change was recorded in plants physical parameters (plant height, number of leaves/plant and number of branches/plant) during moisture stress in Z. rotundifolia and Z. nummularia as well as in commercial cultivars. During the stress period, soil moisture content, leaf water potential, leaf osmotic potential and relative water content of leaves were found to be decreased in both the Ziziphus species as well as in cultivars Gola, Kaithli and Umran. The decline in leaf water potential and leaf osmotic potential were found at higher rate in Z. nummularia than Z. rotundifolia and in Gola among cultivars. In Z. rotundifolia, the decline in leaf relative water content was found at faster rate than Z. nummularia. Among cultivars, the decline in leaf relative water content was found at faster rate in Kaithli. Biochemical parameters like sugars (Total, reducing and non reducing), free amino acids, proline and electrolyte leakage (relative stress injury) were increased, however starch, total proteins and chlorophyll content (total, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b) decreased in the leaves during moisture stress in both the experiments. In Z. nummularia, accumulation of proline, sugars and free amino acids were at higher rate than Z. rotundifolia. Relative stress injury (electrolyte leakage) and chlorophyll content were found to be decreased at lower rate in Z. nummularia. The decline in total proteins and starch content were at faster rate in Z. nummularia. Among cultivars, the accumulation of total sugars was found to be at faster rate in case of Umran followed by Gola. Reducing sugars and non reducing sugars were accumulated at higher rate in Gola and Umran respectively. The free amino acids and proline content were found to be accumulated at faster rate in Gola. The starch content declined at faster rate in Gola and the total proteins declined at faster rate in cv. Kaithli followed by Gola. The total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a declined at faster rate in cultivar Kaithli and at slower rate in Gola. However chlorophyll b content declined at faster rate in Gola leaves. Z. nummularia was found more drought tolerant than Z. rotundifolia Gola was found more drought tolerant than Umran and Kaithli.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Micropropagation studies in ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.)
    (CCSHAU, 2007) Godara, Jitender Kumar; Mehta, P.K.
    The experiment was conducted during 2005-2006 on “Micropropagation studies in ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk.)” in the laboratory of Centre for Research and Application in Plant Tissue Culture CRAPTC CCS HAU, Hisar Haryana. The efforts were made to optimize conditions for mass-multiplication of ber cultivars Gola and Umran. The explants comprised of shoot tip and nodal segment with different combination of growth regulators and additives (BAP, NAA, IBA, Kinetin, KNO3, NH4NO3) supplementing the MS basal medium. Sterilization treatment of 0.1% HgCl2 supplemented with ascorbic acid and citric acid for 3 minutes duration was observed best for cvs. Gola and Umran. The minimum number of days taken for shoot initiation was observed in MS+BAP 0.5 mg/l in both cultivars. The maximum shoot regeneration, shoot length and average number of shoots per plant was observed on MS+ KNO3 3800 mg/l + NH4NO3 2475 mg/l + BAP 2.5 mg/l + IAA 0.5 mg/l media in cvs. Gola and Umran. The shoots were transferred for rooting on different rooting media. Rooting was not observed in both cultivars on any of the rooting media tried.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Regeneration and agrobacterium mediated transformation in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) cv. Mosambi
    (CCSHAU, 2008) Mattu, Harpreet Singh; Joon, M. S.
    The present study was carried out to develop an efficient regeneration protocol for genetic transformation of sweet orange using Agrobacterium mediated transformation. Direct regeneration of shoots, roots and plant without intervention of callus from epicotyl segments was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with various cytokinins and auxins. The MS+BAP 1.0mg/l was observed to be the best treatment for shoot proliferation in in vitro epicotyl explants. The MS+BAP 1.0mg/l was found to be the most effective one for morphogenic growth parameters like number of shoots and shoot length. The number of shoots per explant ranged from 0.87 to 3.03. The maximum length of shoot was 2.80 cm on the MS+BAP 1mg/l from in xii vitro epicotyl segments. Medium ½ MS+IBA 1.0mg/l was found to be best for different aspects of root differentiation like number of days required for root initiation (13.80), completion of rooting (25.60), per cent rooting (100%) number of roots/planted (3.80), root length (3.88cm) and percent survival of rooted plantlets (100%). In transformation experiment, highest percent transient GUS expression was observed on incubation of Agrobacterium for 15 minutes and co-cultivated for 3 days on regeneration medium.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on value added products of karonda (Carissa carandas Linn.)
    (CCSHAU, 2008) Duhan, Ravinder; Godara, R. K.
    The investigation was carried out at CCS Haryana Agricultural University during the year 2007-08 with the objective to standardize the karonda for osmo-air dried, chutney, RTS, and squash and its storage. 112 The products were assessed for nutritional and organoleptically properties at monthly intervals for 90 days. Studies on keeping quality of osmo-air dried, chutney, RTS and squash from karonda indicated significant increase in total sugar, reducing sugar and non-reducing sugar whereas non-reducing sugar of RTS and squash show no significant difference during storage. A significant decrease in acidity, ascorbic acid and crude protein was noticed in all karonda products during 3 months of storage, whereas browning increased significantly. Moisture content of osmo-air dried karonda decreased as storage period advanced. Iron and calcium did not alter any significant difference during storage. Tannin content of karonda products decreased with the increased in storage period. Mean scores for organoleptic characteristics of osmo-air dried karonda, blanched and dipped in 70° Brix solution improved with an increase in storage. Mean scores for organoleptic characteristics of chutney, RTS and squash decreased with an increase in storage period. All karonda products were organoleptic acceptable even after 3 month of storage period.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Variability studies in chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium ramat.)
    (CCSHAU, 2008) Bhupender Singh; Dudi, O.P.
    The present investigation, “Variability studies in Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.)” was carried out in the experimental orchard, Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University during 2007-80 in winter season on 30 genotypes of chrysanthemum to estimate the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance and varietal characterization. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The observations were recorded for plant and floral parameters. All the genotypes differed significantly which indicated a wide range of variation existed among the genotypes under study. The highest flower yield per plant and maximum plant spread was exhibited by Anmol. The estimates of heritability and genetic advance were high for fresh weight of ten flowers, stalk length, plant height, number of buds per plant, number of flowers per plant and flower yield per plant. The correlation and path coefficient analysis revealed that number of flowers per plant, number of buds per plant and plant spread contributed directly as well as indirectly to flower yield. The characters which contributed to flower yield were number of buds per plant, number of flower per plant, plant spread, days to first flower and days to 50% flowering indicating selection of these characters for crop improvement and breeding strategies. Through the schematic flow chart all the genotypes were differentiated. The plant growth habit, leaf margin, leaf colour, stalk shape, disc, flower colour were the key characters, therefore, can be used as morphological descriptors for the varietal identification in chrysanthemum.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of time of planting and gibberellic acid (GA3) on growth and flowering of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2008) Sandeep Kumar; Sharma, Jeet Ram
    The present investigations entitled, “Effect of time of planting and gibberellic acid (GA3) on growth and flowering of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.)” were carried out at the experimental orchard, Department of Horticulture, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the year 2007-08. The experiment was laid out in factorial RBD design having seven planting times (last week of February to last week of May) and three gibberellic acid treatments (0 ppm, 50 ppm and 100 ppm) with three replications. Days taken for initiation and complete of sprouting of bulbs were less when bulbs were planted in month of May. The plant growth in terms of plant height, number of leaves per plant and average length of leaves were recorded maximum in 10th April planting which is statistically at par with 23rd March planting, whereas, minimum in 23rd May planting. The days taken for spike initiation, opening of first floret and 50% flowering were recorded minimum in 10th April planting, whereas, maximum in 21st February planting. The duration of flowering was recorded maximum in 10th April planting and minimum in 23rd May planting. The maximum number of spikes per plant was recorded 10th April planting which was at par with 25th April and 23rd March plantings. The maximum length of spike, length of rachis and number of florets per spike were observed in 10th April planting. In case of bulb production, the number of bulbs per plant, weight of bulbs per plant and size of bulbs (dia.) were observed maximum in 10th April planting, whereas, minimum in 23th May planting. Maximum plant height, number of leaves per plant and average length of leaves were recorded with foliar application of gibberellic acid at 100 ppm. Minimum days taken for spike initiation, opening of first floret, and 50% flowering were recorded with GA3 at 100 ppm. The duration of flowering was also recorded maximum with GA3 at 100 ppm. Maximum length of spike, length of rachis and number of florets per spike were observed with GA3 at 100 ppm. This concentration of GA3 also resulted in production of maximum number of bulbs per plant and size of bulbs (dia.) which was statistically at par with 50 ppm treatment. The weight of bulbs per plant was recorded maximum with GA3 application at 50 ppm.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of zinc application on growth, yield and quality of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) cv. Jaffa
    (CCSHAU, 2008) Yadav, Ravinder Kumar; Rana, G.S.
    An experiment was conducted to study the effect of zinc sulphate on the growth, yield and quality of sweet orange cv. Jaffa. at the experimental orchard of Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during the year 2006-07. Six level of zinc sulphate as soil application (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 g per plant) and four levels of zinc sulphate as foliar spray (0, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 %) in combination with three spray schedule (2nd week of May, last week of June and second week of August) per plant were applied to six year old plant of sweet orange of cultivar jaffa. Both soil and foliar application of zinc sulphate influenced all the characters under study. Per cent increase in plant height, per cent increase in plant spread, fruit size, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight and fruit yield per plant, per cent juice content, total soluble solid, ascorbic acid content were recorded maximum with 250 g zinc sulphate as soil application and 0.75 per cent zinc sulphate as foliar spray. Fruit drop was lowest with the soil application of 250g zinc sulphate per plant and with foliar spray of 0.75 per cent zinc sulphate. Application of 0.75 per cent zinc sulphate along with triple spray gave best result for growth, yield and quality of fruits. Decrease in phosphorus and potassium content of leaves was observed with soil and foliar application of zinc sulphate, while zinc content of leaves increased with application zinc sulphate.