Browsing by Author "Jayanthi, N."
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ThesisItem Open Access ANTICARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF GIN GER EXTRACT IN DIETHYLNITROSAMINE INDUCED HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS IN RATS(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2015) Sahoo, Diptimayee; TANUVAS; Ramesh, S.; Vijayarani, K.; Jayanthi, N.The present Work was programmed to study the experimental induction of hepatocarcinogenesis by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and anticarcinogenic potential of ginger extract in rats. Fifty five male Wistar albino rats were randomly allotted to six groups. DEN (0.01%) was given in drinking water ad libitum and ginger extract (50 mg/kg BW/day) was administered in olive oil per os either alone or in combination for 90 days. Administration of DEN resulted in poor body weight from 3rd week in DEN treated group and from 6'h week in DEN+gínger extract treated groups. Feed and water consumption decreased significantly (P<0.05) in the DEN treated group.OtherItem Open Access Bacterial Causes of Embryontc Mortality and their Antibiogram in Unhatched Indigenous Chicken Eggs(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2018-12) Sabarinathan, G.; Jayanthi, N.; Nagarajan, K.; Gnanaraj, P. Tensingh; Balachandran, C.; TANUVASBacterial infections of poultry are an important [actor in decreasing egg production, high embryonic mortalities and public health concerns. One thousand and nine indigenous chicken eggs (includes Aseel, Kadaknath and Chittagong) were collected over a period of eight months from university farm, organized private farm and backyard rearers were analysed. The bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus spp. the highest 31.53 par cent followed by E. coli 26.15 per cent, Proteus spp. 11.53 per cent, Bacillus spp. 9.23 per cent, Streptococcus spp. 6.92 per cent, Klebsiella spp. 6.15 per cent, Pseudomonas spp. 6.15 per cent and Salmonella spp. 2.30 per cent out of 130 isolates.OtherItem Open Access Colibacillosis in a Desi Chicken(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2018-12) Saahithya, R.; Jayanthi, N.; Pazhanivel, N.; Rao, Ganne Venkata Sudhakar; TANUVASAn adult female desi chicken carcass was brought to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai - 600 007 with a history of sudden collapse. On gross visual examination, the carcass was poor in body condition and the eye balls were sunken. Visible mucous membranes were pale with prominent keel bone. Internal examination of the carcass revealed an enlarged liver which was adherent to the fibrinous membranous deposits. The epicardial surface of the heart was entirely covered with fibrinous deposits which was very hard to peel off. Cardiac chambers were empty. Spleen was enlarged and pin point foci was evident on cut section of the parenchyma. Lungs were edematous.ArticleItem Open Access Concurrent Infection of Newcastle Disease Virus with Pasteurella Multocida in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)(Indian Vet. J., 2013-11) Thangapandiyan, M.; Pothiappan, P.; Sakthivelan, S.M.; Sridhar, R.; Jayanthi, N.; Kumar, M. Ashok; TANUVASThe Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) belongs to the order Psittaciformes and family Psittacidae and it is a most common pet parrot in the world. This is a record of concurrent infection of Newcastle disease virus with Pasteurella multocida in budgerigars.ArticleItem Open Access CONCURRENT INFECTION OF PNEUMOMYCOSIS, VERMINOUS ENTERITIS AND STAPHYLOCOCCAL BLEPHARITIS IN NATIVE CHICKEN FARM(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2022-01) Mythili, V.M.; Jayanthi, N.; Rao, G.V. Sudhakar; Senthilkumar, T.M.A.; Gnanaraj, P. Tensingh; TANUVASTwo 8-week old Aseel chicks were presented for necropsy from a native chicken farm with the history of swollen left eyelid, dyspnoea, off feed, dullness and sudden death. Gross examination of the carcasses revealed swollen left eye with cheesy exudate on incision. Lungs revealed severe congestion, with multifocal grey consolidated areas (1-2 mm diameter) while, the intestinal lumen was clogged by numerous round worms. Histopathological examination of lungs revealed multifocal granulomatous area with central necrosis, presence of macrophages, lymphocytes and multinucleated giant cells. Special staining with Periodic acid Schiff and Grocott-Gomori’s methenamine silver stain showed the presence of fungal hyphae and spores in the lung lesions. The fungus was identified as Aspergillus sp. by cultural examination. Intestines revealed numerous cut sections of worms with eosinophilic and mononuclear cell infiltration and were identified as Ascaridia galli. Eye lesion had multifocal mild to moderate mononuclear cell infiltration with osseous metaplasia of scleral cartilage in eyeball. Staphylococcus hyicus was isolated from the eye exudate by cultural examination. Etiological diagnosis revealed an outbreak of Aspergillosis, Ascariasis and Staphylococcal blepharitis in the farm.ArticleItem Open Access DEATH DUE TO SMOKE INHALATION IN A COW(Global Impact Factor, 2018-06) Jayanthi, N.; Saahithya, R.; Balachandran, C.; Pazhanivel, N.; TANUVASCattle producers face serious threats to their livestock in face of sudden fires following accidental or suspicious causatives either within the housing or in establishments around the barn; as a result they bear severe economic loss owing to the death of livestock. The department of Veterinary Pathology received an adult female Jersey crossbred cow carcass for postmortem examination with history of fire accident death. Grossly, highly congested mucous membranes, scald wounds, linear abrasions on thoracic vertebra, amorphous dark black soot on nostrils and trachea, pulmonary congestion, edema, atelectasis, collapse, grey black fluid in the bronchiole lumen of lung, epicardium revealed petechiae and ecchymosis, cerebral and meningeal blood vessels were congested. Histopathological examination of lung revealed pulmonary emphysema, edema, atelectasis, fibrosis, charred carbon particles on the tracheal lumen and submucosa and third degree cutaneous burns. Animal died due to asphyxia which might be caused by inhalation of smoke and toxic gases.ArticleItem Open Access Enzyme and Antioxidant Profile of Follicular Fluid in Sheep(TANUVAS, 2016-03) Suganya, G.; Leela, V.; Jayanthi, N.; TANUVASThe follicular fluid consists of locally produced substances that act as regulatory factors in follicular development and steroidogenesis. Among the various constituents, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and antioxidants in the follicular fluid provide information about the metabolic activities and degenerative changes that take place in the cells during follicular growth. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the enzyme and antioxidant concentrations of follicular fluid in relation to follicular size. About two hundred and fifty pairs of ovaries of Madras Red sheep in apparently good health were randomly collected after slaughter from Corporation Abattoir: Chennai. Follicular fluid was aspirated from small (less than 2 mm), medium (2-4 mm) and large (greater than 4 mm) ovarian follicles and centrifuged in a cooling centrifuge at 40C at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes. The supernatant fluid from the three categories of follicles was collected and analyzed for alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxide as per the standard protocol. The data were analyzed statistically by ANO VA. It was observed that the alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase activity significantly decreased (P < 0.05) as the follicle size increased. The activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase significantly decreased (P < 0.05) with an increase in follicle size whereas, glutathione peroxidase activity significantly increased (P < 0. 05) with increased follicle size.OtherItem Open Access Evidence Of Mycoplasma Gallisepticum, Nutritional Roupand Taeniasisin Apparently Healthy Desi Chicken Flock(TANUVAS, Chennai) Jayanthi, N.; Saahithya, R.; Balachandran, C.; Pazhanivel, N.; TANUVASSix adult Aseel birds, fair in bodily condition were presented for necropsy with a history of traumatic injury before death. They were aged between one to one and half years. (three males and two females) and were reared as a backyard venture. Postmortem examination revealed haemorrhages in the mucous membrane of the eye, socket of the eyeball, bleeding around the beak, blood clots in the oral cavity, swollen head with severe congestion, oedema, haemorrhages and cyanotic skin as a result of traumatic injury before death.ArticleItem Open Access Ezyme and Antioxidant Profile of Follicular Fluid in Sheep(TANUVAS, 2016-03) Suganya, G.; Leela, V.; Jayanthi, N.; TANUVASThe follicular fluid consists of locally produced substances that act as regulatory factors in follicular development and steroidogenesis.OtherItem Open Access Follicular Fluid Enzyme Status in Sheep(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2011-12) Suganya, G.; Jayanthi, N.; Gomathy, V.S.OtherItem Open Access Gross and Histopathological Lesions in Embryos of Unhatched Indigenous Chicken Eggs(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2018-12) Sabarinathan, G.; Jayanthi, N.; Nagarajan, K.; Gnanaraj, P. Tensingh; Balachandran, C.; TANUVASBreakout analysis of unhatched eggs can be a useful procedure to determine the gross pathology. One thousand and nine indigenous chicken eggs (includes Aseel, Kadaknath and Chittagong) were collected over a period of eight months from university farm, organized private farm and backyard rearers were studied. Grossly, the dead-in-shell embryos (n=381), showed omphalitis, mild to marked congestion of liver, heart, lungs, kidneys and intestine.ArticleItem Open Access GROSS PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES AND RELATIVE ORGAN WEIGHTS IN TURKEY POULTS (Meliagridesgallopavo - Beltsville Small White variety) FED EXPERIMENTALLY WITH AFLATOXIN AND T-2 TOXIN(National Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2018-04) Jayanthi, N.; Manohar, B. Murali; Balachandran, C.; Sudhakar Rao, Ganne Venkata; Raj, G. Dhinakar; TANUVASExperimental mycotoxicoses were induced singly and in combination in 48 newly hatched turkey poults (Meleagridisgallopavo - Beltsville small white) for a period of 0 to 13 weeks by feeding diets containing 100 ppb AF and 1 ppm T-2 toxin. The AF was produced on rice while T-2 toxin was produced on corn grits using Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 and Fusarium sporotrichioides respectively. The AF and T-2 toxin from cultures were quantified by TLC. Weighed amounts of powdered culture material was incorporated into the toxin free diet and were adjusted to 100 ppb AF and 1 ppm T-2 toxin. A detailed post mortem was conducted on sacrificed bird during the 7th week and 13th week of experimental period. Weights of liver, spleen and bursa of Fabricius and gross lesions were recorded. Only relative spleen weights significantly (P<0.05) decreased in the toxin treated groups except T-2 when compared to the control. The AF fed birds during the 7th and 13th week revealed enlarged and congested, pale or patchy yellowish discoloured liver and translucent gall bladder distended with thin, light green bile. The kidneys were mildly congested.OtherItem Open Access Heat Stroke in a Desi Chicken(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2018-12) Saahithya, R.; Jayanthi, N.; Pazhanivel, N.; Rao, Ganne Venkata Sudhakar; TANUVASAn adult desi hen carcass was brought to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai - 600 007 with a history of sudden death The owner has a flock of about 100 birds out of which 10 desi chicken died in a course of one month period. Gross examination of the carcass revealed feathers sticking to the body surface. Crop contained partially digested feed material with grits. Endocardium of the heart revealed numerous petechial haemorrhages. Lungs revealed dark red areas over the caudal portion of the right lung which was hard to palpate. Liver was enlarged with few alternating petechial haemorrhages. Spleen revealed subcapsular haemorrhages.ThesisItem Restricted Individual And Combined Effect Of Aflatoxin And T-2 Toxin And Their Interaction With Pasteurella Multocida In Turkey Poults(Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, 2012) Jayanthi, N.; TANUVAS; Manohar, B. Murali; Balachandran, C.; Rao, Ganne Venkata Sudhakar; Raj, G. DhinakarThe individual and combined effects of AF (100 ppb) and T-2 toxin (1 ppm) were studied in turkey poults by feeding the toxins from 0 to 13 weeks of age. There was significant reduction in the body weight gain in the toxin fed groups compared to the control. Significant reduction in PCV, Hb and TEC values, hypoproteinaemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypoglobulinaemia, hypoglycaemia, increased serum AST, ALT, ALP, lipase, uric acid, creatinine, hypocalcaemia and hypophosphotaemia were observed in the toxin fed birds. The lipid profile revealed hypotriglyceridaemia, hypocholesterolaemia, decreased HDL, LDL and VLDL in the toxin fed birds. Increased liver lipid peroxidation, decreased GSH, GPx, SOD and CAT levels and increased GST level were observed in the toxin fed groups. The HI titre to NDV and lymphocyte SI were decreased in the toxin treated groups. Relative spleen weights were decreased in the toxin fed groups. Grossly, AF fed birds showed enlarged yellowish discoloured liver in AF and T-2 toxicities, oral and hepatic lesions in T-2 fed group and shrunken pale yellow liver in combined group at 13th week. The AF-T-2 treated birds were poor in condition. Microscopically, the toxin fed birds revealed mild diffuse vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes, biliary hyperplasia, catarrhal cholangitis, periportal mononuclear cell (MNC) infiltration, megalocytosis, periductal fibrosis, microgranuloma and adenomatous areas in the liver, mild renal tubular epithelial cell degeneration, shortening and fusion of proventriculus villi, focal necrosis, catarrhal changes of mucosal epithelium and degeneration of crypts. The gizzard showed distension of glands, reduced secretion, hyperplastic changes, mild interglandular fibroplasia with focal cystic changes. The bursa of Fabricius revealed medullary oedema, cortico-medullary lymphoid cell depletion, medullary lymphoid necrosis, glandular transformation, reticulum cell hyperplasia and fibroplasia. The spleen revealed mild to moderate depletion of lymphoid cells, lymphocytolysis, heterophilic infiltration and reticulum cell hyperplasia. The thymus revealed starry sky appearance in the cortex. The caecal tonsils revealed mild to moderate lymphoid cell depletion in the follicles and in diffuse lymphoid tissue. The Harderian gland showed mild plasma cell depletion. Pancreas revealed mild acinar cell degeneration. Diphtheritic glossitis with bacterial colonies was observed in T-2 intoxication. In the Pasteurella multocida – mycotoxin interaction studies, significant decrease in the ELISA titre to Pasteurella multocida in turkey poults was observed in mycotoxin treated groups. Three hours after challenge, all the poults except vaccinated control birds were depressed and showed respiratory signs and cyanosis. Mortality of the poults started 7 hours post challenge which followed till 22 hours. One bird in the vaccinated control died. Grossly, all visceral organs revealed congestion and serosal haemorrhages in the duodenum, congestion, oedema and haemorrhages in the trachea and lungs. Petechial haemorrhages in pericardium of the heart, enlargement of liver and spleen, multiple small necrotic foci in the liver and spleen were also observed. The histopathological changes included serofibrinous pneumonia, necrotic hepatitis, splenitis, while bursa of Fabricius, spleen, thymus and caecal tonsils revealed lymphoid cell depletion in almost all the groups. Conclusions: The study revealed that lower levels of AF (100 ppb) and T-2 (1 ppm) could affect the performance and health of turkey poults. The toxin predisposed even the vaccinated birds to pasteurellosis and caused 100 per cent mortality on challenge.ArticleItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF DIETARY CULTURE MATERIAL CONTAINING AFLATOXIN AND T-2 TOXIN ON CERTAIN SERUM BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS IN TURKEY POULTS (Meliagridesgallopavo) - BELTSVILLE SMALL WHITE VARIETY(Scientific Research Forum, 2018-02) Jayanthi, N.; Manohar, B. Murali; Balachandran, C.; Sudhakar Rao, Ganne Venkata; Raj, G. Dhinakar; TANUVASExperimental mycotoxicoses were induced singly and in combination in 48 turkey poults (Beltsville small white) for a period of 0 to 13 weeks by feeding diets containing 100 ppb AF and 1 ppm T-2 toxin. Sera samples were collected from each group at the end of 49th and 91st day of trial to study the effect of certain serum biochemical parameters. The toxin fed birds revealed significant (P<0.05) reduction for serum total protein, albumin and globulin, serum glucose while no significant (P<0.05) differences were observed in the A/G ratio between the control and mycotoxin treated groups. The serum AST, ALT, ALP and serum lipase levels revealed significant (P<0.05) increase in the toxin treated groups when compared to the control. There was a significant (P<0.05) increase in the uric acid level, decrease in the serum creatinine and no significant differences in BUN between the control and mycotoxin treated groups. The calcium and phosphorus levels revealed significant (P<0.05) decrease between the control and mycotoxin treated groups while, calcium/phosphorus ratio showed no significant difference between the control and toxin treated groups.ArticleItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF DIETARY CULTURE MATERIAL CONTAINING AFLATOXIN AND T-2 TOXIN ON GROWTH RATE AND HAEMATOLOGY IN TURKEY POULTS (Meliagridesgallopavo) - BELTSVILLE SMALL WHITE VARIETY(Global Impact Factor, 2018-06) Jayanthi, N.; Manohar, B. Murali; Balachandran, C.; Sudhakar Rao, Ganne Venkata; Raj, G. Dhinakar; TANUVASExperimental mycotoxicoses were induced singly and in combination in 48 turkey poults (Beltsville small white) for a period of 0 to 13 weeks by feeding diets containing 100 ppb AF and 1 ppm T-2 toxin.Comparison of weekly mean body weights revealed significant (P<0.05) differences from first week onwards between the control and mycotoxin treated groups. Among the toxin treated groups, the AF group revealed significant (P<0.05) difference during the second week only, T-2 group revealed significant (P<0.05) differences during the third week to sixth week, while AF-T-2 group revealed significant (P<0.05) differences from first week till 13th week except 8th and 9th week. There was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the body weight gain in toxin fed birds when compared to control birds. Significant (P<0.05) differences in feed conversion were observed between the control and toxin treated groups. Significant (P<0.05) decrease in feed conversion efficiency ratio was observed in the toxin treated groups. Blood samples were collected from each group at the end of 49th and 91st days of trial to study haematological parameters. The PCV, Hb and TEC values decreased significantly (P<0.05) within toxin fed birds when compared to the control. Comparison of means for erythrocyte indices revealed no significant differences between the control and mycotoxin treated groups except MCV which revealed significant (P<0.05) increase between AF and AF-T-2 toxin group showing a macrocytic normochromic blood picture.OtherItem Open Access Influence Of Dietary Culture Material Containing Aflatoxin And T-2 Toxin On The Histopathological Changes In Turkey Poults(TANUVAS, Chennai, 2014-12) Jayanthi, N.; Manohar, B. Murali; Balachandran, C.; Rao, G.V. Sudhakar; Raj, G. DhinakarIn several parts of the world, mycotoxins represent a major food safety issue, causing an estimated loss of 1.4 billion U.S dollars annually due to the usage of contaminated feed for livestock.Experimental mycotoxicoses were induced singly and in combination in 48 newly hatched turkey poults (Meleagridis gallopavo - Beltsville small white) for a period of O to 13 weeks by feeding diets containing 100 ppb AF and 1 ppm T-2 toxin.OtherItem Open Access Isolation, Identification, Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis of PCR Products of Bacterial Isolates From Unhatched Indigenous Chicken Eggs(TANUVAS, 2018-12) Sabarinathan, G.; Jayanthi, N.; Nagarajan, K.; Gnanaraj, P. Tensingh; Balachandran, C.; TANUVASBacterial infections of poultry are an important factor in decreasing egg production, high embryonic mortalities and public health concerns. One thousand and nine indigenous chicken embryonated eggs of different breeds of native chicken includes Aseel, Kadaknath and Chittagong were collected over a period of eight months from government farm, organized private farm and backyard poultry rearers and were analysed for the presence of bacterial organisams.
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