COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF INDUCTION AGENTS IN DRIP FORM USING GUAIFENESIN AND KETAMINE WITH OR WITHOUT DEXMEDETOMIDINE UNDER ISOFLURANE ANAESTHESIA FOR VARIOUS SURGERIES IN CATTLE
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Date
2021-02
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KARNATAKA VETERINARY ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR
Abstract
The study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of induction agents in drip form
using guaifenesin and ketamine with or without dexmedetomidine under isoflurane anaesthesia
for various surgeries in cattle. The present study was conducted in 12 clinical cases presented to
Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College, Bidar for the treatment of various surgical
affections in cattle. The cattle were randomly divided into two groups consisting of six animals in
each group. The group- I animals were administered guaifenesin at the dose rate of 50 mg / kg
body weight intravenously as 5% solution in normal saline along with ketamine at the dose rate of
3 mg/ kg body weight intravenously as drip form and maintained with isoflurane (1-2 %). The
animals of group- II were administered with preanaesthetic dexmedetomidine hydrochloride (2.5
μg/kg, IV) after 5 minutes followed by guaifenesin at the dose rate of 50 mg / kg body weight
intravenously as 5 % solution in normal saline along with ketamine at the dose rate of 3 mg/ kg
body weight intravenously as drip form and maintained with isoflurane (1-2 %). Though the
induction and recovery were smooth and uneventful in both groups, Induction time was
significantly earlier in group-II animals. The recovery time, Recovery time to assume sternal
recumbency, Recovery time to standing position was significantly quicker in group-I animals.
The degree of analgesia and muscle relaxation was significantly greater in group-II animals
induced with dexmedetomidine, guaifenesin and ketamine drip under isoflurane anaesthesia.
Physiological parameters like heart rate shows significant difference between the groups.
Respiratory rate and rectal temperature were decreased significantly at maximum depth of
anaesthesia in both the groups. Respiratory depression and bradycardia were more severe in
group-II (guaifenesin and ketamine drip with dexmedetomidine under isoflurane) animals
compare to group-I animals. Hematobiochemical parameters like haemoglobin, packed cell
volume, total erythrocyte count and total leukocyte count decreased significantly at maximum
depth of anaesthesia in both the groups. Neutrophilia and relative lymphocytopenia was recorded
in both the groups. Alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, serum creatinine, Serum urea
nitrogen level increased significantly at maximum depth of anaesthesia in both the groups.
However, biochemical values were decreased towards normal at 120 minute of post induction. In
the present study both the anaesthetic protocols provided satisfactory surgical plane of
anaesthesia in cattle. However, guaifenesin and ketamine drip with dexmedetomidine under
isoflurane combination was ideal to perform major surgeries in cattle without any complications.