“AMELIORATING POTENTIAL OF PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA AND TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS AGAINST MERCURIC CHLORIDE INDUCED TOXICITY IN RATS” 2825
dc.contributor.advisor | C. M. MODI | |
dc.contributor.author | LADUMOR VIPULKUMAR CHANABHAI | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-07-03T05:57:12Z | |
dc.date.available | 2021-07-03T05:57:12Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2019-06 | |
dc.description.abstract | The present study was carried out to evaluate the ameliorating potential of Phyllanthus emblica and Tribulus terrestris against mercuric chloride induced toxicity in rats. In this study, forty-two male SD rats were divided into seven different groups, namely normal control group (C1), toxic control group (C2), vehicle control group (C3), positive control group (C4), Phyllanthus emblica extract group (T1), Tribulus terrestris extract group (T2) and bi-herbal mixture group (T3). Rats of group C2 was treated with mercuric chloride at the dose rate of 2 mg/kg, PO for 28 days. In this study, vitamin E was taken as standard drug and given at the dose rate of 100 mg/kg, PO for 28 days to C4 group along with mercuric chloride in rats. Rats of T1 and T2 groups were treated with flavonoid rich fraction of the hydro-alcoholic extracts of P. emblica and saponin rich fraction of the hydro-alcoholic extracts of T. terrestris, respectively at the dose rate of 100 mg/kg, PO for 28 days along with mercuric chloride. Rats of T3 group was treated with bi-herbal mixture (100 mg/kg, PO for 28 days). The efficacy of treatment was assessed based on clinical signs, body weight, hematological, biochemical alteration, oxidative stress parameters, gross and histopathological examination of major functional organs. Rats of T1, T2, T3 and C4 groups given mercuric chloride along with P. emblica, T. terrestris, bi-herbal mixture and vitamin E, respectively did not show any clinical signs. The clinical signs observed in toxic rats (C2) were inappetance, hair loss, sluggish movement, depression and diarrhea throughout the period of the experiment. However, there was observed no mortality in all treatment groups. Phytochemical analysis of flavonoid rich extract of P. emblica and saponin rich extract of T. terrestris were showed presence of various phytoconstituents like flavonoid, saponin, tannin etc. TLC finger print of extracts revealed the presence of the gallic acid, quercetin and rutin in the P. emblica and protodioscin in the T. terrestris. The combination of P. emblica and T. terrestris extract shown 55.24 per cent maximum inhibition of free radical scavenging activity at 9 µg/mL concentration. The saponin rich fraction of T. terrestris showed maximum inhibition of albumin denaturation at the dose of 600 µg/ml which possess strong anti inflammatory activity. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were found highest in P. emblica extract followed by T. terrestris extract.The average feed consumed (g/day/rat) by the rats of all the treatment groups did not show significant difference during the experiment. The mean body weight (g) in rats of all the treatment groups increased steady throughout the experimental period. The sub-acute toxicity effect of mercury on hematological parameter was characterized by significant (p<0.05) decrease in hemoglobin, packed cell volume, total erythrocytes count and total leukocyte count. The elevation of those parameter values restored to normal level when mercuric treated rats with P. emblica, T. terrestris and their combination treatment. Non-significant change were observed in mean values of MCHC and MCH in all the treatment groups throughout the experimental period A significant (p<0.05) higher in serum AST, ALP, BUN and creatinine were recorded in mercury treated groups, On the other way there were significantly decreased serum total protein, albumin. The treatment groups T1, T2 and T3 were restored the biochemical parameter alterations induced by mercury. he exposure of rats to mercuric chloride induced oxidative damage caused significant a decrease in GSH level, CAT and SOD activities, significant an increase in MDA level of the different tissues, which were restored near to normal in rats treated with treatment groups (T1, T2 and T3). The mercuric chloride intoxicated rats showed significant decrease in AChE activity when compared to normal control group. The rats treated with treatment T3 was significantly increased in brain tissues AChE activity when compared to toxicity group. Upon gross examination of all major organ (liver, intestine, stomach and brain), no gross pathological lesions in all treatment groups have been observed while stomach of the rats of C2 group showed congested and ulcerated as compared to normal control group. Histopathological findings revealed alterations in different organs (liver, kidney, intestine and brain) of toxicity group (C2), which was markedly improved by treatment of P. emblica and T. terrestris and their combination extract. In conclusion, the administration of P. emblica, T. terrestris and their combination are effective in preventing hematological, biochemical alterations and oxidative stress caused by mercuric chloride in rats. Therefore, mercuric chloride induced toxicity is reduced by the extract of P. emblica, T. terrestris and their combination. Ameliorating effect of fruit extract of the P. emblica, T. terrestris might be due to the presence of the active constituents, which possess strong antioxidant activity and provoke free radical scavenging enzyme system. The administration of P. emblica, T. terrestris and their combination extract proved to be beneficial in ameliorating the mercuric chloride-induced toxicity. | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810170046 | |
dc.keywords | Phyllanthus emblica, Tribulus terrestris, mercuric chloride, ameliorating effect | en_US |
dc.language.iso | English | en_US |
dc.pages | 222p | en_US |
dc.publisher | JAU, JUNAGADH | en_US |
dc.sub | Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology | en_US |
dc.theme | “AMELIORATING POTENTIAL OF PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA AND TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS AGAINST MERCURIC CHLORIDE INDUCED TOXICITY IN RATS” 2825 | en_US |
dc.these.type | M.V.Sc. | en_US |
dc.title | “AMELIORATING POTENTIAL OF PHYLLANTHUS EMBLICA AND TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS AGAINST MERCURIC CHLORIDE INDUCED TOXICITY IN RATS” 2825 | en_US |
dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
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