Physical Characterization of Some Soil Series Under Jumarnala Watershed (Ranchi
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Date
2002
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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
Abstract
The present investigation on physical characterization of soils of Jamuari and kokdoro village in different soil mapping units under Jumar Nala watershed was carried out with a view to have a better planning and management of crop and cropping activities on watershed basis.The detailed study on physical, hydro-physical and physic- chemical properties of soil belonging to five mapping units (BAiC1,BAcC1, NhB2, KOeB2 and KOcB2) Under Thee land Situations (upland , medium land and low land ) was done.The result indication that the lowland soils had relatively higher clay content( varing from 25.62% in KOcB2 to 36.25S% in BAcC1 mapping unit) and better physical properties related to crop management. On the other hand, the upland soil having higher sand content (ranging between 61.12%in NhB2 and 70.00% in KOcB2 soil mapping units) showed excess drainage and poor physical properties. Medium land soils were found to be in intermediate in Physical properties.
Value of bulk density (from 1.42 to 1.58 Mg/m3) and particle density (from 2058 to2.66Mg/m3 ) soils were well within the normal range recommended for agricultural land soils. The total porosity increased in the soils belonging to lower elevation and was found around 43 percent in all mapping units, Aeration porosity (ranging between 19.82 and 26.22%) was found well above the critical value of 10 per cent below which the root proliferation was found to be adversely affected.
The aggregation status and available water storage capacity of soils were found better in lowland soils than the medium lands and uploads. Low organic carbon contents (from 0.2 to 0.31 %) and acidic soil reactions (Ph from 4.3 to 6.6) were noticed in soils of study area.
The lower infiltration rate and cumulative infiltration in lowland followed by medium land and upland soils were noticed.The little deviation (r—0.999)between observed and predicted cumulative infiltration indicated the constants a b and a in the Kostikovs equation are the satisfactory indices of soil physical environment The normal range of filtration rate (from 2.0 to 6.0 cm hr-1 S)and hydraulic conductivity (1.9 to 4.99 cm hr-1) was observed in the soils of study area.
Sand bulk density and aeration porosity were highly negatively correlated with field capacity wilting point available water capacity , GMD of aggregates and total porosity (r ranging between -0.985) were highly positively correlated with infiltration rate and hydraulic conductivity (r ranging between 0.800 and 0.962). Silt clay, total porosity and organic carbon contents of soils had just the reverse trend of correlation with these parameters.