Studies on Management of Dry Root Rot of Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid.
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Date
2022
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Abstract
Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) commonly known as
green gram or “Mung” one of the most popular pulse crop in India.
Root rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, is a widespread
disease of mungbean in India including in the state of Rajasthan. The
pathogen is a polyphagous necrotroph in nature that can up to 15
years in the soil. The management of M. phaseolina is required. The
incidence of pathogen varies from 17 to 90 per cent incidence in India
with 25 to 48 per cent yield losses in mungbean.
A roving survey was conducted during the Kharif season of 2020
in major mungbean growing districts (Bikaner, Hanumangarh, Sri
Ganganagar, Churu, Nagaur and Jaipur) to know the disease incidence
in different areas of Rajasthan. The disease incidence varies from
17.12% to 28.49% with an average disease incidence of 22.67 per
cent. The higher disease incidence (28.49%) was recorded the districts
in Bikaner while least in Jaipur (17.12%) district. The pathogen was
isolated, purified and proved pathogenic of mungbean through soil
inoculation technique. Among 52 genotypes/varieties using, two
genotypes Pusa 0871 and SML 1839 were found resistant and (RMG
1139) was moderately resistant. Protein contents were low whereas
phenolic and proline contents increased in roots due to disease. The
chlorophyll contents in leaves of infected plants were low in
comparison to leaves of healthy plant.
In variability studies of 12 isolates, Mp-PGE isolate, collected
from Jhadla village of Phagi tehsil in Jaipur district, was comparative in
fast mycelial growth, whereas Mp-LKS isolate from Peepera village
from Lunkaransar tehsil of Bikaner showed slower mycelial growth.
These isolates were shown significant differences in terms of radial
growth, colony colour, colony diameter, colony texture, mycelial dry
weight, sclerotia shape and size and sclerotia number.The, garlic clove extract, T. harzianum and in fungicides,
trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% WG (50, 100, 200, 500ppm)
significantly inhibited mycelia growth of the pathogen under in vitro
studies among other treatment. When applied seed treatment were
also tested in pot conditions through and these were found effective in
controlling disease.
In the field study, maximum disease reduction and higher seed
yield were recorded with trifloxystrobin 25%+ tebuconazole 50% WG
@ 0.10% while the seed treatment with propineb 70% WP @0.20%
was found least effective up to 40 DAS. Under pot conditions, seed
treatment with T. harzianum @ 10g/kg seed + soil application of
mustard cake @ 0.5t/ha was found most effective. In the field study,
maximum per cent disease reduction and higher seed yield were
recorded with T. harzianum @ 10 g/kg seed + soil application of
mustard cake @ 0.5t/ha