STUDIES ON PREVALENCE OF CATTLE MORTALITIES IN SOUTHERN TRANSITION AND HILLY ZONES OF KARNATAKA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PATHOLOGY OF MIMOSA INVISA TOXICITY
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Date
2021
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KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR
Abstract
Studies on prevalence of cattle mortalities in Southern Transition and Hilly
Zones of Karnataka with special reference to pathology of Mimosa invisa toxicity was
conducted for a period of two years (2018-19 and 2019-20), at the Department of
Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary College, Shivamogga. Incidence of non-infectious
cattle mortalities were more than infectious causes, and bacterial, systemic /
metabolic, plant poisoning causes of cattle mortalities were more in both STZ and
HZ. Average age of death was 5-6 years and incidence in females were more in both
STZ and HZ. In both zones, cattle mortalities due to infectious and
systemic/metabolic causes were more during rainy season. Plant poisoning cases in
STZ were more during winter and in rainy season in HZ. Pathomorphological studies
on natural cases of Mimosa invisa in cattle revealed interstitial nephritis, focal
glomerulonephritis, diffuse renal tubular necrosis, portal hypertension and sinusoidal
congestion, hepatic vacuolar degeneration, cholangitis, multifocal interstitial
pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, alveolar haemorrhages, pericardial and myocardial
haemorrhages, focal pericarditis and myocarditis, and splenic hemosiderosis.
Phytochemicals such as saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, phenolic
compounds identified from Mimosa invisa were recovered from field condition.
Serum biochemistry revealed elevated BUN, CRT, SGOT and proteinuria
respectively. In the present study, the rate of morbidity, mortality and case fatality
were 70 ± 12.28, 46.67 ± 3.34, 76.66 ±14.57 respectively. It may be inferred that
Mimosa invisa induces toxaemic condition with haemorrhagic manifestation in cattle.
Keywords: Southern Transition Zone, Hilly Zone, Karnataka, Mimosa invisa,
Pathomorphology, Cattle mortality, Plant poisoning