OCCURRENCE OF INSECT PESTS AND THEIR NON-CHEMICAL MANAGEMENT ON FIELD PEA (Pisum sativum var. arvense L.)
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Date
2023
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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Occurence of insect pests and their non- chemical management on field pea (Pisum sativum var. arvense L.).” was conducted in the Pulse Research plots BAU, Kanke, Ranchi during Rabi, 2021-22.
The sucking insect pests Aphid (Acyrthosyphon pisum), defoliators Pea pod borer, (Etiella zinckenella), pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) were reported as major insect pests on field pea crop. The peak population of aphid (30.60 aphids / top 5 cm twig), pea pod borer, Etiella zinckenella (9.40 larvae / plant), pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (9.00 larvae / plant), and pea leaf miner, Chromatomyia horticola (6.23 %, leaf mines) were seen during 3rd SMW, 8th SMW, 9th SMW and 6th SMW, respectively.
During the study period natural enemies viz. spiders and lady bird beetle (Cheilomenes sexmaculata and Coccinella transversalis) were also observed.
The correlation between aphid, Acyrthosyphon pisum and weather parameters during Rabi, 2021-22 results indicated that the population demonstrated a significant negative association with maximum temperature (r = -0.477) and sunshine hours (r = - 0.468). The highest percent of pea leaf miner, Chromatomyia horticola appeared during second week of February (6th SMW) with a mean population of 6.23 per cent. The correlation between the pea leaf miner, Chromatomyia horticola population and weather parameters demonstrated a significant and negative correlation with maximum temperature (r = -0.456) and significant and positive correlation with wind speed (km/hr) (r = 0.578).
During Rabi, 2021-22, four insect pest species viz., aphids, per cent leaf miner damage due to Chromatomyia horticola, per cent pod borer damage due to Etiella zinckenella and Helicoverpa armigera were screened on seventy two genotypes with two local check genotypes of field pea.
Out of seventy four varieties it was seen that, based on overall mean per cent pod damage, three genotypes i.e. IPF 21-21, IPFD 14-2 and Pant P 523 shows resistant reaction. Thirty three genotypes i.e. Adarsh (IPF 99-25), Aman (IPF 5-19), HFP 8909, HFP 1709, HFP 1809, HFP 529, HFP 715, HFP 9426, HFP 9907B, HUDP 1802, IPF
21-14, IPF 21-20, IPFD 10-12, IPFD 1-10, IPFD 11-5, IPFD 12-2, IPFD 18-3, IPFD
19-1, IPFD 19-3, IPFD 20-9, IPFD 21-10, IPFD 21-4, IPFD 21-5, KPMR 954, Pant P
480, Pant P 484, Pant P 497, Pant P 501, Pant P 516, RFP 2010-21, RFPG 181, SKAU-
P-17 and TRCP 8 fall under moderately resistant. Twenty genotypes i.e. HFP 1426, HFP 1811, HFP 1817, HUDP 15, HUTP 1705, IPF 21-17, IPFD 20-2, IPFD 20-3, IPFD
20-8 , IPFD 21-2, Pant P 243, Pant P 462, Pant P 498, Pant P 514, Pant P 517, RFP
2010-4, VL-42, TRCP 9, IPF 20-17 and TRCP 9 comes under susceptible category against pod borer and rest of the 18 genotypes i.e. HFP 1428, IPF 20-21, IPF 21-13, IPF 21-16, IPFD 21-7, IPFD 16-13, IPFD 21-6, KPMR 907, Pant P 250, Pant P 42
(Ch), Pant P 455, Pant P 479, Pant P 508, Pant P 509, Pant P 74, RFP 2011-1, Aman (LC) and Dantiwara (LC) comes under highly susceptible category.
BIPM module such as neem cake @125kg/ha, Intercrop : pea + mustard (6:2), Monitoring with yellow sticky trap (YST) @ 50 per ha, Foliar spray of Azdirachtin 1000 ppm @ 1.5 ml/litre water, Monitoring with pheromone trap @10 per hectare and apply first spray of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki @ 2g/l on appearance of Helicoverpa in pheromone traps followed by second spray of HaNPV (2x109 POBs/ml)@ 250 LE/ha were evaluated for their efficacy against aphid, pod borer larvae, per cent pod damage as well as per cent leaf miner damage in field conditions.
The data revealed that adoption of BIPM module resulted in reducing the population of aphids, pod borer, per cent pod damage due to pod borers and per cent leaf miner damages. Thus, it is evident that among all the treatments BIPM module was found as the most effective module in suppressing the pest population and their damage.