Study of stability and genetic diversity in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) under terminal heat
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Date
2023
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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
Abstract
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an important potential pulse crop in India. It
contains 22-28% protein in seed and can fix about 219-63 Kg/N/ha. Genotype and
Environment (G×E) interaction and genetic diversity analysis are important in it’s in a
breeding program. In present investigation total 35 genotypes of faba bean (Vicia faba
L.) were sown in Randomized block design in three sowing environments in rabi 2021-
2022. Stability parameter based on the Eberhart and Russell model D2 analysis based on
Mahalanobis cluster were study for the 15 quantitative characters. It was evident from
the pooled analysis that, the mean sum square among the genotypes were highly
significant for days to flower initiation, plant height, number of primary branches per
plants, number of pods per plants, number of seeds per plants, seed yield per plant and
100-seeds weight indicating the considerable amount of genetic variability in the for
these following characters. The G × E (linear) was also significant for plant height (cm),
number of pods per plants, number of clusters per plant, number of seed per plant
indicating that the genotypes differed for linear response to the environment. The
optimum temperature for flowering of faba bean is 22–23° C. Temperature above the 27°
during pod development stage tends to reduces the seed weight. Based on high mean,
unit regression (bi=1.0 i.e., bi=S Em± 1) and least deviation from regression coefficient
S-2di =0 genotypes Hanma-1 was most stable under three different environments. On the
basis of finding it may conclude that Hanma-2 was stable towards terminal heat and may
be used for crop improvement for terminal heat. Based on the mean values of D2 analysis
of 35 genotypes of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) under present investigation revealed the
existence of considerable genetic diversity among them. In environment I hybridization
between the genotypes RFB-14 (cluster x) with ET226414 (cluster xiv), ET226415
genotype (cluster xii) with ET226414 (cluster xiv), HFB-1 (cluster xii) with ET226414
(cluster xiv), In environment II hybridization between the any one genotypes of cluster I
with Rebaya-40 (cluster III) and In environment 3 hybridization between the genotypes
ET226430 (cluster X) with ET226426 (cluster XII), ET226417 genotype (cluster VIII)
with ET226430 (cluster X) may be exploited for development of varieties for higher
yield. These genotypes in the most divergent clusters may be able to take advantage of
the maximum heterosis under different environment.