Analysis of Total Factor Productivity of Important Crops in Rajasthan
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Date
2021
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MPUT Udaipur
Abstract
The study entitled “Analysis of Total Factor Productivity of Important Crops in Rajasthan” was aimed to study temporal changes in area, production and productivity, growth of output, input and TFP (total factor productivity) index, factors responsible for temporal changes in production and economics of selected crops. Eleven crops were taken for the present study. The crops included were wheat, barley, gram, rapeseed & mustard, cotton, bajra, maize, soybean, sesamum, moong, and urad.
To analyze the growth of output, input, total factor productivity indices and factors responsible for temporal changes in production of the selected crops over the past 16 years 2000-01 to 2015-16 were computed. For temporal changes in Rajasthan time series data on area, production and yield per hectare of selected crops were collected from 1976-77 to 2018-19. For profitability analysis of the selected crops, the cost of cultivation data was collected and compiled for the period from 2000-01 to 2015-16.
In the present study, the Tornquist Theil Index was used for calculating the total output index (TOI), total input index (TII) and the total factor productivity index (TFPI). Compound growth rates were worked out using the exponential function. Cobb-Douglas production function was employed to assess the effects of various inputs such as seed, fertilizer, manure, irrigation, plant protection, human and bullock labour.
The investigation revealed that the farmers of Rajasthan had shifted their cultivation from barley, gram and sesamum to crops namely moong, urad, soybean, rapeseed & mustard and wheat. The area under wheat, maize, bajra, cotton, moong, urad, soybean and rapeseed & mustard had recorded increased during the study period. Production and productivity of all the selected crops of Rajasthan improved substantially during the last four decades. Total factor productivity (TFP) of cotton, sesamum, bajra and moong had increased at the rate of 3.80, 2.71, 2.56 and 2.34 per cent per annum, respectively. This indicated good positive growth (>2%) in TFP indicating the increasing rate of technological change in these crops.
Besides, the growth in TFP of wheat, barley, maize and rapeseed & mustard was found moderate (1-2%). Low technological change (<1%) was found in case of gram and urad crop. Whereas soybean registered negative growth in TFP. The stagnant or negative growth in productivity of some crop is a matter of great concern for the policy planners of the state. This was perhaps due to the excessive and inefficient use of inputs and adverse weather conditions like water stagnation and high temperature at maturing stage etc. This calls for better resource management strategy including shift in seasonal pattern. More research efforts and systematic policy measures are highly needed to check the negative growth in TFP.
Factors responsible for temporal changes in production, the variable such as seed, fertilizer and irrigation were found positive and significantly affected wheat production. Seed and fertilizer measures were positive and significantly affected barley and bajra production. The sign of coefficients of fertilizer and plant protection measures were found positive and significantly affected gram production. In rapeseed & mustard variable such as seed, fertilizer and human labour were found positive and had significant effect on production. The variables such as fertilizer, human labour and irrigation were found positive and significantly affected cotton production. In maize only two variables namely human labour and irrigation water found positively significant in the result of estimating of production function. The variables seed, fertilizer and human labour were positive and significantly affected soybean production. In sesamum crop variables namely seed and human labour were found positive and significantly affected production. In bajra crop variables such as seed and fertilizer were positively significant affected on production. The variables namely seed and irrigation water were found positive and significantly affected urad production. In moong crop only two variables fertilizer and irrigation water found positively significant in the result of estimating of production function.
Return per rupee invested in crops namely wheat, barley, gram, cotton, maize and moong showed increased while crops such as rapeseed & mustard, soybean, sesamum, bajra and urad showed decreased return per rupee invested at the cost A2 during the study period
Description
Analysis of Total Factor Productivity of Important Crops in Rajasthan
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Citation
Verma D.K. And Singh H.