CHARACTERIZATION OF URDBEAN (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) GENOTYPES THROUGH MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS, CHEMICAL TESTS AND QUALITY PARAMETERS
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Date
2019-07
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JAU, JUNAGADH
Abstract
An experiment was carried out at the Pulses Research Station, Junagadh
Agricultural University, Junagadh, to characterize thirty urdbean genotypes based on
morphological characters (plant, seed and seedling) and chemical tests. Thirty
urdbean genotypes were grouped into different groups based on 28 plant
morphological characters, 4 seed morphological characters, 8 seedling characters and
3 chemical tests.
The genotypes were grouped based on 50 per cent flowering, the genotypes
were grouped into early (13 genotypes), medium (16 genotypes) and late (1 genotype)
types. For plant height, all the thirty genotypes were tall. Based on plant habit,
genotypes were grouped into semi-determinate (4 genotypes) and determinate (26
genotypes) types. Based on growth habit, genotypes were grouped into erect (11
genotypes), semi erect (17 genotypes) and spreading (1 genotype) types. Based on
number of branches per plant, genotypes were grouped into medium (29 genotypes)
and high (1 genotype) types. Based on twining habit, the genotypes were grouped into
non-viny (26 genotypes) and viny (4 genotypes) types. Based on petiole color, the
genotypes were grouped into green (1 genotype), green with purple splashes (26
genotypes) and purple (3 genotypes) types. Based on petiole length, 30 genotypes
under study were grouped into medium (28 genotypes) and long (2 genotypes) types.
Based on petiole hairiness, the genotypes were grouped into absent (1 genotype),
sparse (19 genotypes) and dense (10 genotypes) types. Based on length of peduncle,
30 genotypes under study were grouped into short (6 genotypes) and medium (24
genotypes) types. Based on days to maturity, genotypes were grouped into early (22
genotypes) and medium (8 genotypes) types. For stem color, all the thirty genotypes
had green with purple splashes on stem. Based on stem pubescence, the genotypes
were grouped into present (14 genotypes) and absent (16genotypes) types.
Based on shape of terminal leaf, the genotypes were grouped into cuneate (2
genotypes), lanceolate (26 genotypes) and ovate (2 genotypes) types. Based on leaf
color, the genotypes were grouped into light green (4 genotypes) and green (26
genotypes) types. Based on vein color, the genotypes were grouped into green (28
genotypes) and purple (2 genotypes) types. Based on leaf pubescence, the genotypes
were grouped into absent (5 genotypes) and present (25 genotypes) types. Based on
leaf size, the genotypes were grouped into large (3 genotypes) and medium (27
genotypes) types.
Name of student Major Guide
AJAY KUMAR RAWAT Dr. L. K. SHARMAThe genotypes were grouped based on mature pod color into black (11
genotypes) and brown (19 genotypes) types. Based on pubescence on pod, the
genotypes were grouped into absent (5 genotypes) and present (25 genotypes) types.
Based on the mature pod length, genotypes were grouped into long (30 genotypes)
type. Based on mature pod shape, genotypes were grouped into semi flat (9
genotypes) and round (21 genotypes) types. Based on mature pod constriction,
genotypes were grouped into medium (5 genotypes) and least (25 genotypes) types.
Based on mature pod curvature, the genotypes did not differentiate. In all the 30
genotypes the mature pod curvature was absent.
Based on the variations in colour of seed, the genotypes were grouped into
black (18 genotypes) and black brown (12 genotypes) types. Based on seed coat
lusture, genotypes were grouped into shiny (3 genotypes) and dull (27 genotypes)
types. Based on seed shape, genotypes were grouped into drum (8 genotypes) and
globose (22 genotypes) types. Hundred seed weight varied significantly among the
genotypes. Hundred seed weight ranged from 3.99 g (Pant U 31) to 5.5 g (GJU 1509)
with a mean of 4.82 g. Based on seed size, genotypes were grouped into medium (5
genotypes) and large (25 genotypes) types. Seed yield per plant varied significantly
among the genotypes. Seed yield per plant ranged from 5.94 g (IC 14691) to 17.01 g
(Vamban 8) with a mean of 11.39 g. Based on seedling pubescence, the genotypes did
not differentiated. In all the 30 genotypes the seedling pubescence was absent.
Based on anthocyanin color on hypocotyl, genotypes were grouped into
present (1 genotype) and absent (29 genotype) types. Among 30 genotypes, seedling
vigour index I was high in all thirty genotypes
The seeds were subjected to NaOH bleach test, KOH test and growth response
test for differentiating the genotypes. The genotypes were grouped based on
Potassium Hydroxide bleach test into orange color (26 genotypes) and dark orange
red color (4 genotypes) types. Based on Sodium Hydroxide test, the genotypes were
grouped into orange color (19 genotypes) and dark orange red color (11 genotypes)
types. Based on growth response test, the genotypes were grouped into very low (4
genotypes), low (5 genotypes), medium (3 genotypes) and high (18 genotypes) types.
The assessment of genetic purity is an important criterion in seed production
programme. Therefore, simple and reliable techniques need to be developed for
genetic purity assessment and genotype characterization. The identified
morphological characteristics of urdbean genotypes could be utilized in DUS testing,
seed production programme and genetic purity testing. The results of chemical tests
are useful in identifying and grouping of urdbean genotypes and also in genetic purity
testing.