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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry.
The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services.
The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.
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ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF CALCIUM NITRATE ON PROPAGATION OF LA HYBRID LILIES THROUGH SCALING(2015) ANU, BALA; SHARMA, PUJAABSTRACT The present investigation entitled, “Effect of propagation on propagation of LA hybrid lilies through scaling” was carried out at the experimental farm of Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P) during 2013-2014. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (factorial) consisting of three cultivars and six calcium nitrate doses (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 g/m2). Among the cutivars, maximum bulblet multiplication was shown by ‘UHFS LA Lily Collection 1’ (2.59) followed by ‘Batistero’(2.48) and ‘Frans Hals’(2.32), respectively. Among the different calcium nitrate doses, 10 g/m2 calcium nitrate dose gave best results for per cent sprouting (76.03 %), days taken for sprouting (102.00 days), sprout length (9.60 cm), fresh weight of bulblet/scale (1.69 g), bulblet diameter (9.32 mm) and propagation index (125.69 %) when supplied to the scales in ten equal split doses in liquid form. However, for obtaining higher number of leaves/scale (6.38) and maximum multiplication (2.90 bulblets/scale) calcium nitrate application at the rate of 20 g/m2 supplied to thes scales proved to be most effective treatment. The interaction between cultivars and calcium nitrate doses have shown variable responses. Percent sprouting was observed maximum in ‘Frans Hals’ (77.14 %) with 15 g/m2 and 25 g/m2 calcium nitrate and in ‘UHFS LA Lily Collection 1’ (77.14 %) with 10 g/m2, maximum sprout length (10.18 cm), number of bulblets/scale (3.01) and bulblet diameter (9.77 mm) in cultivar ‘UHFS LA Lily Collection 1’ with 10 g/m2 and maximum number of leaves/scale (7.03) in cultivar ‘Batistero’ with 25 g/m2 calcium nitrate dose.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF PLANT SPACING AND DEPTH OF PLANTING ON GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF TUBEROSE (Polianthes tuberosa L.)(2015) SUHAS, KHANVILKAR SAGAR; SHARMA, B.P.ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled, “Effect of plant spacing and depth of planting on growth and flowering of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.)” was carried out at the Research Farm of the Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr. Y.S. Parmar university of Horticulture and forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2014-2015. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design having 16 treatment combinations of four spacing i.e. 25cm x 15cm, 25cm x 20cm, 25cm x 25cm and 25cm x 30cm and four planting depths i.e. 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0cm each that being replicated thrice. The results revealed that a plant spacing of 25cm x 30cm with a depth of 2.0cm had an optimal response on vegetative/growth parameters whereas a spacing of 25cm x 30cm with a depth of 8.0cm had improved all the flowering and bulb production parameters. The early sprouting (13.96),tallest plant (52.67 cm), more number of leaves/plant (44.93), early opening of first pair of floret (125.86 days), longest spike (62.10 cm) and longest rachis (34.30 cm) were recorded in plant spacing of 25cm x 30cm with a depth of 2.0cm, whereas, maximum spike diameter (1.33 cm), maximum weight of spike (48,86 gm), longest duration of flowering (23.33 days), more bulbs and bulblets/plant (25.80), largest bulb (3.92 cm) and maximum weight of bulbs and bulblets/plant (354.23 g) were recorded in a spacing of 25cm x 30cm with a depth of 8.0cm. Maximum number of florets per spike (47.46) was observed in spacing of 25cm x 30cm at a depth of 4.0cm. The parameter per cent sprouting of bulbs were not affected significantly by the different treatmentsThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON DRYING AND DYEING OF Gomphrena globosa L.FOR VALUE -ADDITION(2015) SANGEETA, KUMARI; KASHYAP, BHARATIABSTRACT The present investigations entitled, “Studies on drying and dyeing of Gomphrena globosa L. for value - addition” was carried out at the experimental laboratory of Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P) during March, 2014 – December, 2014. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (Factorial) with four experiments. First experiment was on drying of Gomphrena globosa ‘Magenta’(GGM) and Gomphrena globosa ‘White’ (GGW) in hot air oven, where four drying media viz., silica gel, mixture of sand and silica gel, borax and mixture of sand and borax were used for drying at 500C, 550C and 600C temperature for 24, 48 and 72 hours. In second experiment, both GGM and GGW were dried in silica gel and mixture of sand and silica gel for 3, 4 and 5 minutes in microwave oven with 24, 48 and 72 hours setting duration. In third experiment, dyeing of GGW with food, fabric, organic and indicator dyes was performed. In fourth experiment, keeping quality of both dried as well as dyed flowers were evaluated up to 120 days of storage in three different conditions of storage i. e. under open conditions without any covering, cellophane coverings and newspaper coverings. In case of quality parameters in microwave oven drying maximum score (19.20) out of a total of 20 was obtained by the flowers embedded in silica gel and kept for 3 minutes with 72 hours setting time in GGM and in case of GGW maximum score (18.60) was obtained when flowers embedded in silica gel and dried for 3 minutes and kept for 24 hours setting time. Amongst the four different categories of dyes used for the dyeing of GGW, fabric dye was found to be the best followed by indicator, food and organic dyes. Yellow fabric dyes was found to be suitable based on different quality parameters. Indicator dyes like Crystal Violet and Eosin Yellow was found to be suitable with the addition of mordants. Maximum score (7.93) and (7.40) out of a total of 10 was allotted to the GGM and GGW which were dried in microwave oven and were kept covered with newspaper and observed after 120 days of storage duration followed by cellophane sheets covering compared to open conditions. Hence, it was concluded for aesthetic quality and for longer presentability flowers should be dried after embedding in silica gel in microwave for 3 minutes with 72 hours setting durations. Dyeing of flowers with fabric dye was found to be best in terms of both qualities as well as for maximum presentability and dried and dyed flowers of Gomphrena globosa L. can be stored up to 120 days in newspaper coverings.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF CARNATION (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)(2015) GAUTAM, BHARTI; SHARMA, PUJAABSTRACT The present investigation entitled, “Studies on in vitro propagation of Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)” was carried out at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory and Experimental Farm of Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during 2014-2015. The experiments were laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (factorial) consisting of two cultivars i.e. ‘Parendillo’ and ‘Yellow Star’. Out of the two carnation cultivars under study, ‘Parendillo’ showed superiority over ‘Yellow Star’ for all the characters observed during in vitro propagation. Shoot tips were rated better explants than nodal sections for mass multiplication in carnation cultivars. A protocol was developed for production of high quality virus indexed carnation plants in vitro. As a refinement in already existing protocol, 5 % Calcium Hypochlorite treatment of explants is suggested as a potential substitute for Mercuric Chloride, a hazardous chemical used previously for surface sterilization. 100 % uncontaminated growing cultures in cv.’Parendillo’ and. ‘Yellow Star’ were obtained with 5 % Calcium Hypochlorite treatment of explants for 10 and 15 minutes, respectively. For culture establishment, MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mgl-1 BA showed maximum per cent response. High quality shoots could be produced from shoot tip raised shoots in multiplication medium containing 2 mgl-1 BA, 0.1 mgl-1 NAA and 1 mgl-1 GA3. The in vitro multiplied shoots were serologically indexed using DAS- ELISA for important carnation viruses viz. Carnation Latent Virus (CLV), Chrysanthemum Virus B (CVB) and Chrysanthemum Aspermy Virus (CAV). All the shoots showing multiplication under in vitro conditions were tested free of viruses and put to rooting. MS medium containing 2 mgl-1 NAA and 0.1 % activated charcoal was found to be the best for in vitro rooting of multiplied shoots. The in vitro rooted plantlets showed 100% survival and maximum growth of plantlets hardened in a mixture of cocopeat : sand : perlite (2:2:1, v/v).ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF PLANTING DATES ON LOOSE FLOWER PRODUCTION IN DIFFERENT GENOTYPES OF CHRYSANHTEMUM (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev)(2015) KHARAYAT, SHALLEY; DHIMAN, S.R.Abstract The studies on “Effect of planting dates on loose flower production in different genotypes of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev)” were carried out at experimental farm of the Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Dr YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (HP) during 2014. The investigation was carried out on fourteen genotypes, i.e., ‘Surf’, ‘Ajay’, ‘Purnima’, ‘Shyama’, ‘Solan Shringar’, ‘Little Pink’, ‘UHFSChr-3’, ‘UHFSChr-8’, ‘UHFSChr-20’, ‘UHFSChr-36’, ‘UHFSChr-83’, ‘PAU-3’, ‘E-85’ and ‘E-87’ planted on three dates (April 29, May 22 and June 20) in order to find out the optimum planting time for different genotypes to get maximum loose flower yield. Maximum plant height was recorded in case of ‘PAU-3’ (103.64 cm) whereas, maximum length of side was recorded in genotype ‘Purnima’ (91.88cm), when planted on April 29. Earliest flowering (91.44 days) was observed in genotype ‘PAU-3’ planted on June 20. The highest number of flowers per stem (69.58) and per plant (305.97) was produced by genotype ‘Ajay’ planted on April 29. Maximum fresh flower weight was recorded in case of ‘Purnima’ (6.56 g) followed by ‘Surf’ (6.55 g) whereas maximum fresh flower weight per plant was observed in ‘Surf’ (1280.73 g) in April 29 planting. Therefore, the optimum planting time for obtaining maximum yield of loose flowers of genotypes like; ‘Surf’, ‘Ajay’, ‘Purnima’, ‘UHFSChr-8’ and ‘UHFSChr-36’ was found to be April 29. The genotypes, ‘Shyama’ and ‘Solan Shringar’ could be planted from April 29 to May 22 without significant reduction in yield. Other genotypes, like; ‘Little Pink’, ‘UHFSChr3’, ‘UHFSChr-20’, ‘PAU-3’, ‘E-85’ and ‘E-87’ could be planted from April 29 to June 20 without significant reduction in yield. It can also be concluded that for loose flowers of white colour, genotypes, ‘Surf’ and ‘Solan Shringar’ ; for yellow colour, ‘UHFSChr-8’; for red purple colour, ‘Shyama’ and for grey red colour, ‘E-87’ are suitable.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF CABBAGE (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata)(2015) PRANVIRSINGH, YADAV RAM; SHARMA, A.K.ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and quality of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata)” was carried out at the Experimental Farm of Department of Vegetable Science, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, (HP) during Rabi season of the year 2014-15 with the objective to evolve integrated plant nutrient supply system for higher productivity of cabbage on sustainable basis. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications comprising fifteen treatments viz. T1: RPF = (RDF (125 N: 110 P: 50 K kg/ha) + FYM 20 t/ha)), T2: 75 % NP + VC@ 2.5 t/ha, T3: 50 % NP + VC@ 2.5 t/ha, T4: 75 % NP + EC@ 2.5 t/ha, T5: 50 % NP + EC@ 2.5 t/ha, T6: 75 % NP + PGPR, T7: 50 % NP + PGPR, T8: 75 % NP + VC@ 2.5 t/ha + PGPR, T9: 50 % NP + VC@ 2.5 t/ha + PGPR, T10: 75 % NP + EC@ 2.5 t/ha + PGPR, T11: 50 % NP + EC@ 2.5 t/ha + PGPR, T12: 75 % NP + VC and EC @ 2.5 t/ha, T13: 50 % NP + VC and EC @ 2.5 t/ha, T14: 75 % NP + VC and EC @ 2.5 t/ha + PGPR, T15: 50 % NP + VC and EC @ 2.5 t/ha + PGPR. The seedlings were transplanted at a spacing of 45 x 30 cm in 2.7 x 1.8 m size plots. Integrated use of fertilizers, manures and PGPR significantly influenced yield and plant growth attributes of cabbage crop. The conjoint use of 75 % recommended dose of NP + Vermicompost and Enriched compost @ 2.5 t/ha + PGPR (T14) resulted in significantly maximum gross head weight (1580 g), net head weight (1050 g), harvest index (66.45 %) and head yield (530.34 q/ha). This treatment recorded 34.4 per cent increase in yield over recommended practice (T1) along with highest net returns (Rs.3, 89,992/-) besides increase in quality parameters (protein and ascorbic acid) and available primary nutrient contents. From present investigation, it can be concluded that above integrated combination of chemical fertilizers, organic manures (VC and EC) and PGPR resulted in saving of 25 % chemical fertilizers (NP), better growth, higher yield and net returns besides enhanced soil health as evident by post harvest soil fertility status which statistically matched with the recommended package of fertilization which utilized 100 % NPK along with 20 t FYM.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF ORCHARD FLOOR MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON GROWTH, CROPPING AND QUALITY OF NECTARINE [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch var. nucipersica] cv. SNOW QUEEN(2015) NEGI, PANKAJ KUMAR; SHARMA, D.PABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Effect of orchard floor management practices on growth, cropping and quality of nectarine [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch var. nucipersica] cv. Snow Queen” was carried out on eight year old nectarine trees, established at the experimental orchard of Department of Fruit Science during the years 2014 and 2015. The orchard floor management treatments comprises of Clean cultivation (T1), Chemical weed control (glyphosate 5 ml/l) (T2), Mulching with grass (T3), Mulching with black polythene (T4), Mulching with bicolour polythene (T5), Mulching with nylon mulch mat (T6) and untreated Control (T7), were applied to ascertain their effect on growth, cropping, quality, soil hydrothermal regimes, leaf and soil nutrition and weed population. Results revealed that among different treatments grass mulch closely followed by nylon mulch mat proved most effective in improving different growth parameters viz. tree girth, annual shoot growth, height, spread and tree volume. Cropping was greatly influenced by nylon mulch mat and resulted in maximum (26.09 kg/tree) fruit yield. The bicolour polythene mulch improved the fruit quality by increasing their physico-chemical characteristics (fruit size, fruit weight, fruit volume, TSS, total sugars and reducing sugars) and resulted in highest “A” grade fruits (82.25%). Different treatments slightly improved leaf nutrient content over control in which significant improvements recorded in leaf N, Mg, Cu, Fe and Mn while leaf P, K, Ca and Zn were found to be non-significant. Soil organic carbon was greatly enhanced (2.55%) by grass mulch which results in higher available N and P content in soil. The result in respect soil pH, EC and nutrients like soil K, Ca and Mg content were not significant Among mulches grass mulch and black polythene mulch (during drier period) maintained higher moisture in tree basins. During both the seasons black polythene mulch recorded highest soil temperature while it was lowest under grass mulch. The nylon mulch mat showed highest efficiency to control weed population among different treatments, as there was no weed till 120 days after application of treatments.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION IN GENUS PRUNUS(2015) MEENA, KUMARI; KRISHAN, KUMARABSTRACT The present investigations entitled “Studies on interspecific hybridization in genus Prunus” were conducted in Department of Fruit Science, Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan. Two late maturing high chill cultivars namely July Elberta, Redhaven and two low chill early maturing cultivars TropicBeauty, Partap and plum cv. Santa Rosa were included for controlled hybridization studies. Time and duration of flowering in cultivars studied varied a great deal. Duration of flowering extended from 16 to 30 days. Low chill peaches did not synchronise in flowering with plum cv. Santa Rosa. Fresh pollen viability ranged from 68.18 per cent with erythrosin B (0.04 %) in plum cv. Santa Rosa to 97.00 per cent with acetocarmine (2 %) in peach cv. July Elberta. Maximum in vitro pollen germination was obtained in 10 per cent sucrose after 48 hours to the extent of 86.50 per cent in peach cv. July Elberta and in plum cv. Santa Rosa, maximum in vitro pollen germination was obtained in 15 per cent sucrose after 48 hours (62.02%). Stored pollen viability was maximum (94.24%) in acetocarmine (2%) in peach cv. July Elberta. In plum cv. Santa Rosa too, maximum viability of stored pollen grains was 68.55 per cent in acetocarmine (2%). In vitro pollen germination was high in 10 per cent sucrose in peach cultivars but it was high for plum cv. Santa Rosa in 15 per cent sucrose. In vivo pollen germination occurred in first 24-48 hours of pollination but in vivo pollen tube growth took varied time ranging from 72 hours to 120 hours in different cross–combinations. The highest fruit set (71.84 %) was observed in cross combination ‘Partap × Santa Rosa’. Minimum fruit set (23.60 %) was recorded in cross combination ‘Redhaven × Santa Rosa’. Maximum fruits dropped in ‘Redhaven × Santa Rosa’ and minimum in Partap × Santa Rosa cross-combination. Maximum number of hybrid seeds obtained was 146 from cross- combination ‘July Elberta × Santa Rosa’ and minimum of 33 were recovered from ‘Partap × Santa Rosa’ cross-combination. Considerable success has been achieved via attempting inter-specific crosses as evident from moderate to high fruit set. The hybrid seeds so obtained comprise a valuable genepool which needs to be raised and tested for their hybridity and desirable horticultural traits.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF GUAVA CULTIVARS UND DD DER EERR ER THE TTHHEE THE SUBTROPICAL CONDITION OF SSUUBBTTRROOPPIICCAALL CCOONNDDIITTIIOONN OOFF SUBTROPICAL CONDITION OF HIMACHAL PRADESH HHIIMMAACCHHAALL PPRRAADDEESSHH HIMACHAL PRADESH(2015) RASHMI, KUMARI; THAKUR, B.S.ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of Guava cultivars under the subtropical condition of Himachal Pradesh” was carried out on six years old Guava plants at the Horticultural Regional Research Station, Dhaulakuan, (District Sirmour) of Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan during the year 2011-12. The treatments comprised of six varieties of guava (Hybrid-1, Hybrid-3, Allahabad Safeda, Hisar Safeda, L-49 (Sardar) and Lalit). The results showed significant variation in plant height, trunk girth, tree volume, shoot extension, initiation of flowering, duration of flowering, date of full bloom, days to maturity, fruit set, fruit drop, fruit yield, fruit size, fruit weight, TSS, titratable acidity, total sugars ,reducing and non reducing sugars. The highest plant height, trunk girth, shoot extension, duration of flowering and days to maturity reported in Allahabad Safeda. Early flowering and full bloom observed in Hisar Safeda, Hybrid-1 was earliest to mature. Highest tree volume, fruit set, fruit size, fruit weight, TSS, Total sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and yield were observed in L-49 (Sardar). Pink flesh colour was observed in Hybrid-1, Hybrid-3 and Lalit, while Allahabad Safeda and L-49 (Sardar) were white fleshed and Hisar Safeda was only variety which shows cream coloured flesh. Round fruit shape was observed in Lalit and Allahabad Safeda, round to oblong in Hybrid-1 and Hybrid-3.The fruits of L-49 (Sardar) were spherical to round while Hisar Safeda exhibit ovate oblong shape. The seeds of Hybrid-3 and Hisar Safeda were soft textured, while Allahabad Safeda, Lalit and Hybrid-1 had medium hard seeds and L-49 (Sardar) had hard seeds. On the basis of overall performance L-49 (Sardar) was found most promising cultivar for subtropical condition of Himachal Pradesh.