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Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture & Forestry, Solan
Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, was established on 1st December, 1985 with the objective to promote education, research and extension education in the fields of Horticulture, Forestry and allied disciplines. Late Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar, the first Chief Minister and the architect of Himachal Pradesh perceived the importance of Horticulture and Forestry to develop and improve the State economy which led to the establishment of this University. Its history lies in erstwhile Himachal Agricultural College, Solan, established in 1962 and affiliated to the Panjab University. It became one of the campuses of Agriculture Complex of Himachal Pradesh University on its formation in 1970. Consequent upon the establishment of Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya in 1978, this campus became its Horticulture Complex and finally in 1985, assumed the status of a State University, being the only University in the country engaged exclusively in teaching, research and extension in Horticulture and Forestry.
The University is located at Nauni in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh, 13 km from Solan on Solan-Rajgarh Road, at an elevation of 1300 metres above mean sea level. Solan town is situated on national highway (NH-22) and is well connected by train and bus services.
The University has four constituent colleges, out of which, two are located at the main campus Nauni, one for horticulture and the other for forestry, having 9 and 7 departments, respectively. The third College i.e., College of Horticulture & Forestry is located at Neri in Hamirpur District on Nadaun-Hamirpur state highway, about 6 Km from Hamirpur town and is well connected with bus service. The college offers three Undergraduate Degree Programmes i.e. BSc (Hons.) Horticulture, BSc (Hons.) Forestry and B. Tech. Biotechnology and MSc degree programme in a few subjects. The fourth college i.e. College of Horticulture and Forestry, Thunag (Mandi) is located at Thunag District Mandi. This college offer BSc (Hons.) Horticulture and BSc (Hons.) Forestry degree programme. In addition, there are five Regional Research Stations, 12 Satellite Stations and five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) situated in different zones of the State.
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ThesisItem Open Access Morpho-molecular characterization of Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.)(College of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.), 2021-12-04) Bhardwaj, Anshu; Sharma, Vikas KumarThe present investigation entitled, “Morpho-molecular characterization of Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.)” was carried out at Horticulture Research Station Seobagh, Kullu (HP) during 2019 to 2021.A significant and wide range of variation was observed among genotypes for various quantitative characters. In variability study, total nut thickness had maximum phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) followed by nut length (mm). High heritability (>60%) was recorded for all the characters except leaf length (mm), kernel thickness (mm) and kernel weight (g). High genetic gain was recorded in leaf width (cm), nut length (mm), nut width (mm), nut thickness (mm), nut weight (g), kernel length and width (mm). Ennis recorded maximum nut length, nut width, thickness, weight and kernel length. Phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficients showed that nut weight had positive and significant association with kernel weight. The path coefficient analysis has shown that the kernel weight had maximum positive direct effect on nut weight followed by kernel thickness. The maximum negative direct effect of nut length followed by kernel thickness was observed on kernel weight. Principle component analysis showed total variability of 95.33% with first five components i.e., leaf length, leaf width, nut length, width and thickness. Leaf length contributed maximum variability of 49.15% followed by leaf width with a value of 22.14%. Morphological clustering formed three main clusters, first including Ennis variety followed by second cluster comprising Fertile de Coutard, Merveille de Bollwiller and third cluster included remaining four varieties. Genetic diversity among the hazelnut cultivars was estimated by 47 RAPD and 10 ISSR markers. 17 primers out of total of forty seven primers yielded scorable bands. A total of 91 bands were amplified in all the eight cultivars and 83.5% polymorphism was obtained with RAPD markers whereas, 48 amplified bands were recorded with 85.4% polymorphism with ISSR markers. This showed the high level of polymorphism present in eight hazelnut cultivars under this study. The similarity coefficient value ranged from 0.000 to 0.937 for RAPD and 0.000 to 0.492 in case of ISSR markers. Dendrogram divides all the varieties in one cluster and Ennis was separated as a singlet for both RAPD and ISSR markers. Further, subclusters formed comprised Italian varieties separately and French varieties separately.ThesisItem Unknown “Characterization of genetic variability in Hill lemon (Citrus pseudolimon Tanaka) strains of Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh”(College of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.), 2021-12-04) Kumar, Ashish; Kaler, Rajesh KumarThe present investigation entitled, “Characterization of genetic variability in Hill Lemon (Citrus pseudolimon Tanaka) strains of Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh” were undertaken at Regional Horticultural Research and Training Station RHRTS, Jachh during 2019 and 2020 to assess the extent of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance, correlation coefficient and path coefficient analysis. The material for present study consisted of 31 local strains/genotypes from 5 different growing areas of district Kangra (Nurpur, Fatehpur, Indora, Jawali, Dehra). Significant variations were observed for the tree shape, growth habit, spine shape, canopy spread, spine length, leaf shape, types of margins, leaf apex, leaf length and width, ratio of leaf length and width, leaf area, fruit weight, fruit length and width, fruit shape, fruit colour, fruit surface texture, number of segments/fruit, epicarp thickness, oil gland density, yield/ plant, juice content, number of seeds, seed weight, among the 31 genotypes. The maximum TSS was observed in genotypes G2, G14, G19 and G30 i.e., 8.03°B and the minimum TSS was observed in genotype G16 (6.65°B). The ascorbic acid content was maximum in G23 (36.43 mg/100 ml) and it was minimum in genotype G26 (21.89 mg/100 ml). The maximum significant titratable acidity was observed in genotype G12 (7.70 %) and the minimum significant titratable acidity was found in genotype G20 (5.11 %). The highest (2.35) pH was observed in genotypes G10 and G17 and the lowest (2.21) pH was observed in genotype G4. The average fruit weight was highly correlated at genotypic level and phenotypic level with fruit length (0.955) and (0.873), fruit width (0.931) and (0.831), number of seeds (0.954 and 0.881), seed weight (0.942) and (0.870), juice content (0.991) and (0.963) and juice percentage (0.929) and (0.693). The path analysis revealed that the maximum positive and direct effect of average fruit weight was observed in juice content (0.962) followed by seed weight (0.952) and leaf length (0.490) while the maximum negative and direct effect on average fruit weight was observed in number of seeds per fruit (-0.642). The phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variability was high for spine length (38.38 % and 37.17 %), leaf area (31.98 % and 26.93 %), number of seeds (29.75 % and 26.13 %) and seed weight (23.81 % and 20.91 %). High heritability estimates were observed in spine length (93.79 %), juice content (81.95 %), oil gland density (84.26 %), TSS (92.13 %) and titratable acidity (96.02 %) while low heritability values were observed in leaf ratio (22.21 %) and pH (22.76 %). The genetic gain was observed higher in spine length (74.16 per cent of mean), leaf area (46.73 per cent of mean) and number of seeds (47.28 per cent of mean). The lowest Citrus psylla incidence was observed in G1 followed by G4 and the maximum incidence was observed in G12. The maximum incidence of Citrus leaf miner was observed G3 and the minimum incidence was observed in G24 and G21. The maximum incidence of Citrus canker was observed in genotype G8 and the minimum incidence was observed in genotypes G16 and G3ThesisItem Open Access “Studies on characterization, flowering and fruit retention in mango cultivars in subtropics of Himachal Pradesh”(College of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.), 2021-11-24) Thakur, Garima; Sharma, Vikas KumarThe present investigation entitled “Studies on characterization, flowering and fruit retention in mango cultivars in subtropics of Himachal Pradesh” was carried out at College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.) on eight mango cultivars. The cultivars showed significant variability with respect to tree, foliage and inflorescence characters. Pusa Arunima showed the maximum plant height (2.23 m) and crown spread (2.02 m) while Amrapali had the minimum height (1.33 m) and crown spread (1.48 m) among all the cultivars. The maximum leaf length, leaf width and leaf area were recorded in Pusa Shreshth (24.02 cm, 6.14 cm and 118.35 cm2 respectively) while these were the minimum in Pusa Surya (20.35 cm, 4.67 cm and 83.63 cm2 respectively). Significant variations were recorded among the cultivars for various inflorescence characters. The longest and the shortest panicle was recorded in Pusa Lalima (35.99 cm) and Pusa Surya (19.92 cm) respectively. Pusa Arunima showed the maximum percentage of hermaphrodite flowers (47.92%). The maximum fruit retention was recorded in Pusa Shreshth (16.21%) while Pusa Arunima showed the least fruit retention (7.46%). Initial number of fruits set per panicle, number of hermaphrodite flowers, leaf width and leaf area showed a positive and significant correlation with fruit retention. Initial number of fruit set per panicle showed the maximum direct positive effect on fruit retention.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on the effect of micronutrients and plant growth regulators on growth and cropping of Kinnow Mandarin under HDP(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE & FORESTRY, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2021-11-17) Sharma, Ishani; K Banyal, SanjeevThe present investigation entitled “Studies on the effect of micronutrients and plant growth regulators on growth and cropping of Kinnow mandarin under HDP” were conducted in the experimental farm of Department of Fruit Science, COHF, Neri were conducted during the year 2020-2021. The studies were carried out on 4-year-old Kinnow plants, planted at a spacing of 2×2m. In the 1st experiment the effect of foliar micronutrient and PGRs application on growth, cropping and fruit quality of Kinnow mandarin. The experiment was laid down in Randomized Block Design with 11 treatments and 4 replications. Micronutrients and PGR’s were applied as foliar spray twice i.e. in last week of February and 3rd week of August. Results revealed highest increase in plant height (66.75 cm), trunk girth (3.15 cm)and leaf area (36.42 cm2), maximum fruit set (68.35%), final fruit retention (26.35%), fruit breadth (7.95 cm) fruit weight (192.4 g), fruit volume (256.7 cm2), fruit yield per plant (27.23kg), TSS (12.17 ˚brix) and minimum Fruit drop (75.45 %), number of seeds per fruit(18.25) and rind thickness (2.90 mm) with the foliar application of 2,4-D @ 20ppm +ZnSO4 @ 0.4%+FeSO4 @ 0.4%) + Boric Acid @ 0.25%. Minimum titratable acidity content (0.67 %), maximum fruit length (6.36 cm), TSS: acid (17.86) and total sugar (10.65 %) was recorded with treatment T9 (GA3 @ 20 ppm + ZnSO4 @ 0.4 % + FeSO4 @ 0.4 % + Boric Acid @ 0.25%) and ascorbic acid (39.29 mg/100g) was found in with NAA @ 20 ppm + ZnSO4 @ 0.4 % + FeSO4 @ 0.4 % + Boric Acid @ 0.25 %. In second experiment, Fruits were harvested on different dates viz., D1 (17th January), D2 (24th January), D3 (31st January), D4 (7th February) D5 (14th February). The best fruit size, TSS, acidity, TSS: acid and fruit weight was found in fruits harvested on 31st January 2021.ThesisItem Unknown Standardization of grafting techniques in guava (Psidium guajava L.) under subtropical conditions of Himachal Pradesh(College of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.), 2021-11-16) Sharma, PradeeptI; Banyal, Ajay KumarThe studies on “Standardization of grafting techniques in guava (Psidium guajava L.) under subtropical conditions of Himachal Pradesh” were carried out in the fruit nursery area of Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.) during the year 2020-21. This experiment was carried out to study the effect of time of grafting (July, August, September, October, January, February and March), grafting methods (tongue, wedge & saddle grafting) and scion shoot (6-month old scion shoot and 1-year old brown corky papery scion shoot) for successful grafts under protected conditions. Among different grafting methods wedge grafting exhibited maximum graft success (74.28 %), graft survival (77.37 %), sprout percentage (61.42 %), number of leaves per sprout (7.97), sprout length (7.10 cm), earliest bud sprouting (14.05 days) and first leaf emergence (16.41 days). However, among different times of grafting, plants grafted during 1st week of February resulted maximum graft success (73.88 %) and graft survival (77.21 %) While plants grafted using 1-year old scion shoots resulted maximum graft success (66.01 %), graft survival (69.04 %), number of leaves per sprout (7.56), sprout length (6.03 cm) and sprout percentage (50.95 %). However, in overall, wedge grafting performed during first week of February using 1-year old brown corky papery scion shoot resulted maximum graft success (93.30 %) and graft survival (96.66 %).ThesisItem Unknown STUDIES ON STAGE WISE FERTIGATION SCHEDULING FOR HIGH DENSITY PLANTING IN MANGO (Mangifera indica L.) CV. MALLIKA(College of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.), 2021-12-04) Devi, Shalini; Devi, Shalini; Sharma, Som Dev; Sharma, Som DevA field experiment was conducted during 2019-20 to study “stage wise fertigation scheduling for high density planting in mango (Mangifera indica L.) mango cv. Mallika” at experimental farm of the Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur (HP).The investigation comprised of seven treatments involving drip fertigation at 100, 90, 80, 70 and 60 per cent recommended fertilizer dose, treatment T6 (recommended dose of fertilizer and manure) and treatment T7 (control- in which no fertilizer was applied). The result of experimentation revealed that drip fertigation produced significant effect tree height (1.48 m), annual shoot extension growth (38.6 cm) and leaf area (85.6 cm2) were obsereved under T1 (100 % of RDF). Trunk cross sectional area (cm2) and canopy spread (m) not produced any significant effect on different level of fertigation. The maximum fruit set (4.4 %), fruit retention (9.0 %) and yield (14.1 kg/tree) were recorded in treatment T1 (100 % of RDF). Further fruit physical parameter like fruit weight (358 g), length (12.5 cm), width (7.5 cm) as well as fruit chemical parameter like TSS ( 23.0oB), titratable acidity (0.233 %), reducing sugars (5.1%), non-reducing sugars (12.7 %), total sugars (18.3%) and maximum leaf N (1.47 %), P (0.200 %) and K (0.71 %) were also recorded maximum in treatment T1.(100 % of RDF). However the treatment was found to be statistically at par with treatment T3 (80 % of RDF) for all above mentioned parameters. To sum up, it can be derived from these studies that fertigation at 80 per cent recommended dose of fertilizers was the most effective method for mango cv. Mallika.ThesisItem Open Access Characterization and evaluation of Mandarin (Citrus reticulata) and Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) cultivars in sub- tropical conditions of Himachal Pradesh(College of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.), 2021-12-04) Shivali; Sharma, Som DevThe investigatyon entitled "Characterization und evaluation of Mandarin (Citray reticulata) and Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) cultivars in sub-tropical conditions of Himachal Pradesh” was carried out at the Experimental Farm and laboratory of Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.) during the years 2019-2021. Significant variations were observed among seven cultivars of citrus for various qualitative and quantitative traits. In variability study, the maximum phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was found in fruit yield per tree followed by average number of seeds per fruit. High heritability (>60 %) was recorded for all the characters except for leaf lamina width, total sugars, seed width, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars. High genetic gain was recorded for leaf lamina length, average number of seeds per fruit, fruit number per tree and fruit rind (mesocarp) thickness. In correlation studies, fruit yield per tree had highly positive and significant correlation with ratio of leaf lamina length and width, width of epicarp at equatorial area, juice content, number of seeds per fruit, seed length, fruit weight. fruit diameter and number of fruits per tree at genotypic and phenotypic level. Also, the path coefficient analysis showed that the ratio of soluble solids to titratable acidity had maximum positive direct effect on fruit yield per tree followed by titratable acidity and number of fruits per tree, Principal component analysis (PCA) gave first five principal components which contributed 95.55 % of the total variability. At molecular level, genetic diversity among the citrus cultivars was estimated by 44 RAPD markers. Only 19 primers out of 44 were able to amplify the DNA and yielded 74 scorable bands in all seven cultivars out of which 57 Were polymorphic and accounted for about 77.03 % of total polymorphism. RAPD cluster analysis showed that the cultivar Kinnow and Mosambi were the most divergent while, the cultivar Blood Red Malta and Jaffa were the most similar. On the basis of organoleptic evaluation and numerical scoring for horticulturally important traits, the cultivar Kinnow was found to be the best among the mandarins while, in sweet orange cultivars, Mosambi was evaluated to be the best.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on the effect of pruning intensities and time on winter guava production in cv. Allahabad Safeda under high density planting(College of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.), 2021-11-03) Pathania, Shivani; Banyal, Ajay KumarThe present investigations “Studies on the effect of pruning intensities and time on winter guava production in cv. Allahabad Safeda under high density planting” were carried out at the experimental farm of Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.), during the year 2020-2021. The research trial was conducted on four years old guava plants, planted at 2 x 2 m spacing. The plants were subjected to three pruning intensities viz., 10, 15 and 20 cm shoot pruning from the terminal portion at different times i.e., 1st and 3rd week of May, June and July. Among the different pruning times, severely pruned plants (20 cm pruning from the shoot tip) produced best results with respect to shoot length (34.27 cm) and leaf area (59.19 cm2). Shoot pruning done at 10 cm from the terminal portion was found better for improving reproductive characteristics of guava plants i.e., minimum time taken for flower emergence (43.22), fruit set (32.24 %) and fruit yield (7.29 kg). Severe pruning (20 cm from the shoot tip) produced comparatively superior quality fruits. Among different pruning times, plant pruned during 1st week of May effectively improved vegetative, reproductive and qualitative characteristics of the guava fruits. The study clearly revealed that light pruning intensity (10 cm shoot pruning from the terminal portion) performed during 1st week of May was found effective in improving fruit set (43.73%) and fruit yield (8.80 kg/plant) whereas, 20 cm shoot pruning performed during 1st week of May was found effective in improving physical and qualitative attributes of fruits i.e., fruit weight (156.12 g), fruit volume (162.01 cm3), fruit length (6.51 cm), TSS (9.63 0B), ascorbic acid (182.55 mg/100g).ThesisItem Open Access Effect of weather parameters on the production of mango and citrus in Una district of Himachal Pradesh(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY, DR Y S P UHF, NERI, HAMIRPUR, 2020-10-29) Kumar, Karan; Sharma, Som DevThe present investigations entitled “Effect of weather parameter on the production of mango and citrus in Una district of Himachal Pradesh” were conducted during 2019 – 2020 in the Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri. Weather data for the period 1996 to 2018 and bimonthly (December – January) weather data from 2004 – 2018 and the data on fruit production for the period 1996 – 2018 with respect to Una district of Himachal Pradesh were analyzed. Spatial data were used for preparation of physiographic map of the district. Effect of weather parameters on fruit crop production were assessed using regression analysis whereby individual parameters were correlated with fruit production and the multiple linear regression equations were obtained. To compute the trends of weather parameters and variability analysis (mean, standard error, standard deviation, skewness and kurtosis), regression coefficient whereby different functions considering linear, logarithmic, inverse, quadratic, cubic, compound, power, s curve, growth and exponential functions were fitted and best fit equations were selected on the basis of R2 and RMSE. The results of variability analysis revealed no significant trend for weather parameters. Skewness and kurtosis did not follow any normality assumptions. In case of trend analysis, regression function (cubic and quadratic) were found best fit for weather parameters with highest value of R2 (0.48) in case of minimum temperature, while R2 varied from 0.04 – 0.36. The coefficient of correlation between maximum temperature and mango production showed positive correlation (r = 0.623) whereas, citrus production also showed positive significant correlation with maximum temperature (r = 0.855) at 1 % level of significance. The analysis of regression for fruit production, minimum temperature on citrus production was found significant with an R 2 value 0.21, indicating thereby that citrus production is influenced by minimum temperature but not weather parameters in combination. The physiographic maps used to identify the topographic situation with the help of DEM, slope, contour, aspect and hillshade maps. These maps are very useful for land use planning.