“Characterization of genetic variability in Hill lemon (Citrus pseudolimon Tanaka) strains of Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh”
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Date
2021-12-04
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College of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (H.P.)
Abstract
The present investigation entitled, “Characterization of genetic variability in Hill Lemon (Citrus pseudolimon Tanaka) strains of Kangra
district of Himachal Pradesh” were undertaken at Regional Horticultural Research and Training Station RHRTS, Jachh during 2019 and 2020 to assess
the extent of genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance, correlation coefficient and path coefficient analysis. The material for present study
consisted of 31 local strains/genotypes from 5 different growing areas of district Kangra (Nurpur, Fatehpur, Indora, Jawali, Dehra). Significant variations
were observed for the tree shape, growth habit, spine shape, canopy spread, spine length, leaf shape, types of margins, leaf apex, leaf length and width,
ratio of leaf length and width, leaf area, fruit weight, fruit length and width, fruit shape, fruit colour, fruit surface texture, number of segments/fruit,
epicarp thickness, oil gland density, yield/ plant, juice content, number of seeds, seed weight, among the 31 genotypes. The maximum TSS was observed
in genotypes G2, G14, G19 and G30 i.e., 8.03°B and the minimum TSS was observed in genotype G16 (6.65°B). The ascorbic acid content was maximum
in G23 (36.43 mg/100 ml) and it was minimum in genotype G26 (21.89 mg/100 ml). The maximum significant titratable acidity was observed in genotype
G12 (7.70 %) and the minimum significant titratable acidity was found in genotype G20 (5.11 %). The highest (2.35) pH was observed in genotypes G10
and G17 and the lowest (2.21) pH was observed in genotype G4. The average fruit weight was highly correlated at genotypic level and phenotypic level
with fruit length (0.955) and (0.873), fruit width (0.931) and (0.831), number of seeds (0.954 and 0.881), seed weight (0.942) and (0.870), juice content
(0.991) and (0.963) and juice percentage (0.929) and (0.693). The path analysis revealed that the maximum positive and direct effect of average fruit
weight was observed in juice content (0.962) followed by seed weight (0.952) and leaf length (0.490) while the maximum negative and direct effect on
average fruit weight was observed in number of seeds per fruit (-0.642). The phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variability was high for spine
length (38.38 % and 37.17 %), leaf area (31.98 % and 26.93 %), number of seeds (29.75 % and 26.13 %) and seed weight (23.81 % and 20.91 %). High
heritability estimates were observed in spine length (93.79 %), juice content (81.95 %), oil gland density (84.26 %), TSS (92.13 %) and titratable acidity (96.02 %) while low heritability values were observed in leaf ratio (22.21 %) and pH (22.76 %). The genetic gain was observed higher in spine length (74.16 per cent of mean), leaf area (46.73 per cent of mean) and number of seeds (47.28 per cent of mean). The lowest Citrus psylla incidence was observed in G1 followed by G4 and the maximum incidence was observed in G12. The maximum incidence of Citrus leaf miner was observed G3 and the minimum incidence was observed in G24 and G21. The maximum incidence of Citrus canker was observed in genotype G8 and the minimum incidence was observed in genotypes G16 and G3