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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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2012 - 201781
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Subject: Plant Pathology × End date: 2017 × Start date: 2012 ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 81
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON ANTHRACNOSE DISEASE OF FIELD BEAN (Lablab purpureus L.) CAUSED BY Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magnus) Lams. Scri.
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2012-08-01) MANJUNATH, , B.; NAGARAJU
    No Abstract
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid CAUSING DRY ROOT ROT DISEASE OF CHICKPEA {Cicer arietinum L.)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore, 2012-07-19) GOWDRA, NAGAMMA; M. SAIFULLA
    No Abstract
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON SOYBEAN MOSAIC VIRUS DISEASE
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-12-27) MAHIPALREDDY; PRAMEELA, H. A.
    Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) disease caused by a potyvirus is a major constraint in many soybean producing areas. Soybean cv. JS-335 showed 84.00 to 96.00 per cent virus transmission upon mechanical inoculation. The virus was found to be highly stable at pH 6.0. Addition of 0.5 per cent sodium sulphite to phosphate buffer resulted in maximum transmission of virus. Seed transmission of SMV varied from five to ten per cent. Aphid, Myzus persicae Sulz. transmitted the virus from 45.00 to 60.00 per cent. The optimum preacquisition starvation period was one hour, at which 40.00 per cent virus transmission observed. A single viruliferous aphid was able to transmit the virus. The optimum acquisition access period was one minute that resulted in 40.00 per cent transmission. The optimum inoculation access period was 30 seconds at which 50 per cent transmission occurred. In the host range studies soybean, field bean, french bean, cowpea, cucumber, Datura took SMV infection and exhibited mosaic symptoms, whereas Chenopodium exhibited chlorotic local lesions. The virus was detected by DAC-ELISA using potyvirus specific antisera. The RT-PCR product of 500 bp corresponding to coat protein (CP) genes of the virus was amplified from total RNA obtained from SMV infected leaf sample. Of the 500 soybean genotypes screened against SMV under field conditions, none of the genotypes were found immune to SMV disease however, 45 genotypes were resistant and 341 were moderately resistant to soybean mosaic virus disease.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON ETIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF BETELVINE (Piper betle L.) WILT [Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.]
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-12-27) SOMANING NARAYANA, SHANKARANAVAR; SOMASEKHARA, Y. M.
    Betelvine (Piper betle L.) wilt [Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.] is threatening disease in Karnataka due to severe wilting of the plants. Survey revealed that, the highest incidence of wilt in Ramanagar district (33.58%) followed by Hassan (27.42%) and Chikkaballapur (23.05%), whereas lowest wilt incidence in Kolar district (13.25%). Fungus isolated from infected roots and proved pathogenicity, and pathogen produced abundant micro and macro conidia, along with terminal and intercalary chlamydospores in the mycelium. Maximum radial growth as well as mycelial dry matter weight of the pathogen was found in Nash and Snyder’s medium on solid and in liquid form, respectively. In vitro evaluation of fungicides revealed that maximum inhibition of pathogen was found in tebuconazole (91.30%) and tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin (89.81%) followed by carbendazim + mancozeb (88.15%), carbendazim (85.74%) and propiconazole (83.89%). Similarly, Trichoderma harzianum (Th-55) (85.00%) and Bacillus subtilis (P-24) (72.59%) resulted in maximum inhibition of the pathogen in vitro. Under field conditions tebuconazole and propiconazole treated vines showed significantly less wilt incidence of 22.22 and 30.56 per cent, respectively and tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin (44.44%) and carbendazim + mancozeb (47.22%) were on par. Whereas, soil population of the pathogen was significantly reduced in tebuconazole (1.53 ×103 cfu/g of soil) and propiconazole (2.14×103 cfu/g of soil) treated soil. T. harzianum (Th-55) (22.22%) was most effective bio-agent in reducing wilt incidence in comparison with the initial disease level followed by B. subtilis (27.78%), B. subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens (27.78%) and T2+T3+T4+T5 (27.78%) which were on par with each other. The soil population of F. solani was significantly reduced in T. harzianum (Th-55) (2.31 ×103 cfu/g of soil) and T2+T3+T4+T5 (3.57 ×103 cfu/g of soil) treated soil. The fungicides viz., tebuconazole, propiconazole and the antagonist T. harzianum (Th-55) are useful in reducing betelvine wilt disease.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON MANAGEMENT OF LATE BLIGHT DISEASE OF POTATO CAUSED BY Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary.
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-12-15) HARISHA, Y.N.; Nagaraj, M. S.
    Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) popularly known as the King of Vegetables is a starchy, tuberous crop, it belongs to family Solanaceae. It is originated from South America, in the mountains of southern Peru and Bolivia. It is the world's fourth-largest food crop following rice, wheat and maize. United Nations (UN) declared the year 2008 as the International Year of Potato (IYP) in order to increase awareness about the importance of the potato in addressing issues of global concern, including hunger, poverty and threats to the environment. UN declaration of the International Year of Potato reflects the importance of the potato in the diet of the world’s population (Gupta and Modgil, 2008). Potato cultivation, transportation, storage and processing provide much needed employment in rural/sub-urban areas in India (Pandey and Sarkar, 2005).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR VARIABILITY AND INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF PAPAYA RINGSPOT VIRUS (PRSV)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-09-28) ANIL, PAPPACHAN; Nagaraju, N.
    Papaya Ringspot Virus (PRSV) is posing a major threat to papaya cultivation throughout India by rendering orchards economically unproductive. Survey conducted in 2014-15 revealed that 100 per cent PRSV incidence was observed at some locations of Bangalore rural and Bangalore urban districts of Karnataka, while highest average incidence was recorded at Ramanagara (82 %). In Andhra Pradesh, Kadapa district recorded highest average disease incidence of 70 per cent, while in Telangana, 24 per cent incidence of PRSV was observed in Hyderabad. In Kerala PRSV incidence was highest in Kottayam (77 %) and in Tamil Nadu, highest average incidence of 70 per cent was observed at Coimbatore. Comparison of P1 proteinase gene of PRSV deposited in NCBI GenBank revealed that nucleotide identity of South Indian PRSV isolates ranged from 87 to 72 per cent. None of the fifteen cultivated papaya varieties was found to possess resistance to PRSV both under glasshouse and field conditions. Extracts of Acorus calamus (5 %), Boerhavia diffusa (5 %), Kappaphycus alvarezii (KH-1 %), Eucheuma spinosum (SH-1 %) and Silicic acid (1 %) showed significant inhibitory effect on PRSV. Silver nanoparticles (60 to 100 nm) were prepared by green synthesis process using neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract. The extract of B. diffusa (5 %), colloidal Silver nanoparticles (100 ppm), Silver nanoparticles (50 ppm) prepared by green synthesis process and K. alvarezii (LBS3-1 %) showed significant inhibitory effect on PRSV multiplication both under field and glasshouse conditions. Adoption of integrated disease management module (III) a combination of maize (South African tall) as barrier crop, use of silver reflective mulch row cover and spraying with extract of A. calamus (5 %), K. alvarezii extract (KH-1 %) and insecticide imidacloprid (0.05 %) at monthly interval resulted in 142.39 per cent increase in yield over control with highest return per rupee invested (1.91).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF TOBACCO STREAK VIRUS CAUSING SUNFLOWER NECROSIS DISEASE AND ITS INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-09-18) MANJUNATH, S. HURAKADLI; Rangaswamy, K. T.
    Sunflower necrosis disease (SND) caused by tobacco streak virus (TSV) and transmitted by thrips is a major constraint for sunflower cultivation in India. Survey conducted to assess the SND incidence in major sunflower growing districts of Karnataka during 2015-17 revealed that, SND incidence and mean thrips population ranged from 0 to 28.57 per cent and 0 to 5.4 thrips per plant, respectively. The DAC-ELISA deployed to detect TSV in weed hosts (21 species) and thrips species (Thrips palmi, Frankliniella schultzei, Scirtothrips dorsalis). Eight weed species (Parthenium hysterophorus, Euphorbia geniculata, Abutilon indicum, Malvastrum coromandelianum, Acanthospermum hispidum, Phyllanthus niruri, Stachytarpheta indicum and Galinsoga parviflora) and T. palmi tested positive for the presence of TSV. The virus causing SND was identified by RT-PCR using newly designed RNA1, RNA2 and RNA3 specific primers which yielded 890, 765 and 717 bp amplicons, respectively. The sequences of GKVK isolate viz., RNA1 gene with TSV-Kad and TSV-Okra, RNA2 gene with TSVPumpkin and TSV-FL1307, and RNA3 gene with TSV-Gulbarga and TSV-CPKAR shared 99 per cent nucleotide similarity. Based on nucleotide sequence similarity and phylogenetic relatedness, the GKVK-isolate identified as a strain of TSV prevalent in India. The stability and integration of coat protein and nptII genes in T5 generation transgenic plants of sunflower genotypes RHA 95-C-1 and NSFH-1 was confirmed by PCR analysis. Expression of coat protein gene was confirmed by RT-PCR and ELISA. For the management of SND, an integrated approach comprising of maize border crop around field (15 days prior to sowing of sunflower) and seed treatment with imidacloprid 600 F.S. @ 5 mL/kg of seeds and spray of defense inducing molecule (oligocarranegen) @ 4 mL/L along with foliar application of fipronil 5% S.C @ 1.5 mL/L at 15, 30 and 45 DAS was found effective.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON Alternaria BLIGHT OF SUNFLOWER
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-08-23) ABHILASH; Karuna, K.
    Sunflower is an important oilseed crop of India. The crop suffers from many diseases of which Alternaria leaf blight is important. Alternaria helianthi was isolated from the leaf samples collected during kharif, rabi and summer. In all the three seasons mixed infection of A. helianthi and A. alternata was observed. Cultural studies revealed that highest radial growth was observed on Richard’s and potato dextrose agar, but profuse sporulation was in host leaf extract + sucrose and host leaf agar. Maltose and potassium nitrate were the best carbon and nitrogen sources respectively that showed maximum growth. Profuse sporulation was noticed in case of sucrose and glucose as carbon sources whereas potassium nitrate was ideal nitrogen source. Physiological studies revealed 25oC as the optimum temperature for growth whereas slightly acidic pH (6-7) showed maximum mycelial dry weight of A. helianthi. The PCR amplification and sequencing of ITS rDNA region confirmed both A. helianthi and A. alternata as the cause of leaf blight. Among the combi fungicides Propiconazole + Difenoconazole at 0.1 per cent; systemic fungicide Azoxystrobin and Propiconazole at 0.075 and 0.1 per cent; nano molecules silver colloidal particles at 250 ppm were found to be superior in inhibiting growth. Screening of nine AHT and seventeen IHT coordinated trial entries of sunflower genotypes against Alternaria helianthi under natural field conditions revealed that, seven entries were moderately resistant while all other entries were found susceptible to Alternaria leaf blight.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON ETIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF BACTERIAL SOFT ROT OF CARROT
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2017-08-16) CHANDRASHEKAR, B. S.; PRASANNA KUMAR, M. K.
    Bacterial soft rot is one of the major constraint in the production of carrot. The present study describes the first report of a new pathogen on carrot causing bacterial soft rot. Ten isolates were collected from Kolar, Chikkaballapura and Bengaluru rural districts and pathogenicity was proved on carrot. All the ten isolates were able to infect fruits of potato, tomato, chili and bell pepper in laboratory condition. In glass house condition the ten isolates caused seedling symptom on cucumber, eggplant and radish indicating wide host range of bacteria. The ten isolates were identified as Klebsiella variicola by 16S rRNA sequencing. This is the first new report of bacterial soft rot carrot caused by K. variicola. Bacillus velezensis strains A6 and P42 the novel biocontrol agent showed maximum inhibition against KV2 (24.44 %) and KV1 (26.94 %) respectively. The strains A6 and P42 were highly effective and reduced the infection of soft rot disease in both glass house (80.00 & 77.77 % respectively) and in field condition (4.33 & 4.85 % disease incidence respectively). The two strains possessed antimicrobial genes like Fengycin (269bp), Bacillomycin (370 bp), Iturin (423 bp), Surfactin (201 bp), Bacilysin (498 bp) and subtilin (375 bp). The whole genome sequencing of A6 strain revealed the genome size of 4.23 Mb and 4303 protein-coding genes were predicted. The metabolite extracts of A6 and P42 showed maximum inhibition against KV8 (18.61 %) and KV8 (17.50 %) respectively. The GCMS analysis of culture filtrate revealed ten bioactive compounds from A6 and six from P42 after derivatization of the culture filtrate, whole nonderivatization culture filtrate of A6 and P42 identified nine and twelve bioactive compounds.