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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru

University of Agricultural Sciences Bangalore, a premier institution of agricultural education and research in the country, began as a small agricultural research farm in 1899 on 30 acres of land donated by Her Excellency Maharani Kempa Nanjammanni Vani Vilasa Sannidhiyavaru, the Regent of Mysore and appointed Dr. Lehmann, German Scientist to initiate research on soil crop response with a Laboratory in the Directorate of Agriculture. Later under the initiative of the Dewan of Mysore Sir M. Vishweshwaraiah, the Mysore Agriculture Residential School was established in 1913 at Hebbal which offered Licentiate in Agriculture and later offered a diploma programme in agriculture during 1920. The School was upgraded to Agriculture Collegein 1946 which offered four year degree programs in Agriculture. The Government of Mysore headed by Sri. S. Nijalingappa, the then Chief Minister, established the University of Agricultural Sciences on the pattern of Land Grant College system of USA and the University of Agricultural Sciences Act No. 22 was passed in Legislative Assembly in 1963. Dr. Zakir Hussain, the Vice President of India inaugurated the University on 21st August 1964.

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2010 - 201547
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Subject: Plant Biotechnology × End date: 2015 × Start date: 2010 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 47
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    NDIRECT REGENERATION OF Japonica RICE (Oryza sativa L. spp. japonica) VARIETIES AZUCENA AND MOROBEREKAN THROUGH ANTHER CULTURE
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, GKVK BENGALURU, 2015-12-01) AVINASH SHARMA; Ashok, T. H.
    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops of Southeast Asia, which feeds half of the world population. Anther culture is an efficient and convenient technique for rapid production of doubled haploids which are useful in crop breeding programs. Present study involved evaluation of two japonica rice varieties Azucena and Moroberekan cultured on 17 callus induction treatments on N6 medium and 19 regeneration treatments on MS medium. Highest callus induction frequency was observed in Azucena in treatment T4 (2, 4-D 2 mg L-1 + Kinetin 1 mg L-1 ) (49.99 %) followed by Moroberekan in treatment T11 (2, 4-D 1 mg L-1 + NAA 2 mg L-1 + Kinetin 0.5 mg L-1 ) (48.64 %). Highest shoot regeneration frequency was recorded in Azucena in treatment T10 (Kinetin 0.5 mg L-1 + BAP 2 mg L-1 + NAA 1 mg L-1 ) (83.33 %) followed by Moroberekan in treatment T16 (Kinetin 2 mg L-1 + BAP 1 mg L-1 + NAA 1 mg L-1 ) (80.0 %). Plantlet regeneration did not occur in Azucena. Highest plantlet regeneration frequency was recorded in Moroberekan in treatment T16 (Kinetin 2 mg L-1 + BAP 1 mg L -1 + NAA 1 mg L-1 ) (80.0 %) followed by in treatment T10 (Kinetin 0.5 mg L-1 + BAP 2 mg L-1 + NAA 1 mg L-1 ) (55.55 %). These results suggest that growth regulators and their concentration, along with genotype have significant effect on callus induction and regeneration from anthers in rice.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR DIVERSITY ANALYSIS IN ELITE TOMATO GENOTYPES SELECTED FOR FRUIT QUALITY TRAITS
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-10-26) BRIJESH PATIL, M. P; SHYMAMLAMMA, s
    Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important source of several minerals and vitamins. Exhibits wide degree of variability with respect to growth habit, fruit size, fruit shape, fruit color and yield per plant etc., Twenty exotic and indigenous accessions of tomato were screened for variability in terms of morphological, biochemical and molecular diversity. Fifteen were indeterminate type and five were determinate type. The accessions with best morphological characters identified were viz., EC-620545 (higher fruit weight-162.00 g and high fruit yield-8.24 kg/plant), EC-16786 (higher fruits/cluster-8), EC-159053(high lycopene content-10.12 mg/100g), EC-168283 (high ascorbic acid content-18.07 mg/100g) and EC-151568 (high TSS-8.08 0Brix). High GCV(21.18 to 40.32)and PCV(25.44 to 41.08) values were recorded for plant height, fruit firmness, total solids, TSS, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, number of clusters per plant, number of fruits per cluster and yield. Very high GCV and PCV values were recorded for lycopene content (71.00; 71.23) and ascorbic acid content (59.10; 59.31).The heritability estimate were very high for plant height, number of days from flowering to fruit set, fruit pH, fruit firmness, total solids, lycopene content, TSS, ascorbic acid, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, number of clusters per plant, number of fruits per cluster and yield per plant. The molecular diversity was assessed using thirty SSR markers, out of which fifteen were polymorphic and shown highest similarity matrix between EC-165690, EC-168283, EC-249514, EC- EC-249515, EC-320574-1, EC-362944 and EC-151568. Hence these markers can be used to measure the genetic relation between the accessions during crop improvement.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IMMUNODIAGNOSIS OF CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS (CMV), WITH POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES RAISED AGAINST COAT PROTEIN (CP) GENE OF THE VIRUS
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-10-10) MANISHA, PANDEY; Anitha, peter
    Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) disease is one of the most common disease affecting cucumber. It has a wide host range causing severe damage in many economically important agricultural as well as ornamental crops, resulting in remarkable yield loss. CMV is difficult to diagnose due to the periodic change in symptoms, hence methods of early detection and identification of virus which can be employed in both laboratory and field, play a critical role in virus disease management. Cloning and expression of CMV CP gene is an impm1ant strategy for obtaining large scale recombinant protein that can be used in antibody production and further these antibodies with higher specificity, play a critical role in carrying out serological tests. In this study CMV CP gene (-657 bp) was isolated using RT-PCR with gene specific primers which was cloned into pRSET B expression vector and expressed in E. coli DH5a cells. Coat protein of -25 KDa was isolated and purified by using Ni-NT A column. Dot immunobinding assay (DIBA) and plate enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) were standardized for expressed CMV CP and CMV infected plants using the antibodies raised against the whole virus, with optimum titre values at 1: 100 dilution of antigen and 1: 1000 dilution of primary and secondary antibody.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DISTRIBUTION OF MICRONUTRIENTS WITHIN GRAINS OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES UNDER AEROBIC CONDITION
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-10-10) KARTHIK P, BHAT; Shashidhar, H. E
    In India, rice is the staple food and major component of diet, but lacks micronutrients in its polished form as major portion of micronutrients are lost during polishing. An effort was made to study the relative expression of micronutrient transporters within different grain parts of the grain before and after polishing. 12 genotypes contrasting for grain zinc and iron were selected and grown in field under aerobic condition at GKVK, following RCBD design, during Khariff-2014. High GCV and PCV coupled with high he1itability and GAM was observed for plant height, shoot dry weight, grain size, brown rice zinc content, and white rice iron content. Significant positive correlation was observed for iron content in brown rice with test weight and brown rice zinc content with white rice zinc content. Several transporter genes like OsZ!P4, OsFERJ, OsNASI, OsNAS2, OsYSL2, OsYSLf 5, OsYSLI8 etc. were found responsible for micronutrient transport into rice grains. Gene specific primers were designed for these genes. Relatively higher expression of OsZIP4a, OsNAS2a, and OsYSLl 5b were found in embryo and endosperm of Moroberekan which had highest brown and white rice zinc content. Relatively higher expression of OsYSL2b and OsYSL2c was found in embryo and relatively lower expression of OsZIP4a was found in endosperm of AM 72 which suffered higher loss of zinc and iron due to polishing. The study suggested that among several genes studied OsZIP4, Os YSL2, OsYSL15, and OsNAS2 were found to play a major role in zinc and iron accumulation within different parts of rice grain.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Phenotypic Characterization and Molecular Profiling of Sweet and Non-sweet Corn Genotypes and their F1s for Soluble Sugar Content in the stem
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-09-28) BHAVYA, C; Vijayakumar, Swamy H. V
    Corn is among the top five cereals in the world and third most important food crop in India. The sweet corn is also becoming increasingly popular in India and other Asian countries. Sweetcorn altogether with non-sweet corn produces huge volume of biomass residue that will be an alternative raw material for biofuel production. In this study both phenotypic and molecular level diversity were analyzed with respect to soluble sugar content in the stem among sweet (15) and non-sweet (7) corn parents and their hybrids (66) during Kharif 2014. Sweetcorn hybrid- Madhuri used as check. Analysis of variance revealed that there was significant variation for all the traits studied at both 10 and 20 days post silk emergence. Traits which account for soluble sugars in the stem showed significant positive correlation with plant height, number of internodes, plant weight, stem weight, stem girth, juice volume and juice extraction percentage. Sweet × non-sweet crosses were found to have highest positive significant mid-parent heterosis for stem sugars indicating that cytoplasm of the sweet corn had significant effect on these traits. Ten PCR primers specific to the ZmSUT1 gene responsible for sucrose transport in corn were designed using NCBI database. Out of these, ZmSUT1b, ZmSUT1c and ZmSUT1f were found to be polymorphic, indicating the presence of genotypic variation among them for the trait of interest. It is suggested that the biomass of sweetcorn along with hybrids developed using sweetcorn as female parent will be suitable resources as biofuel feedstock
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF SPOTTED SPIRAL GINGER (Costus pictus) – AN INSULIN PLANT
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-08-10) SANTOSH, G. M; Dayal, Doss
    Present investigation of molecular characterization of spotted spiral Zinger was carried out with popular two species Costus pictus and Costus igneus. For comparative advantages sampleswere collected from different locations of varied climatic conditions, Bangalore, Kerala and Tamilnadu. Various biochemical constituents were analyzed which includes Total protein, Total sugars, Micronutrients, Ascorbic acid content and crude fiber. Costus pictus shown to have higher amount of all the biochemical constituents as compared to Costus igneus. Preliminary quantitative phytochemical screening for different secondary metabolites(steroids, alkaloids, triterpenoids, phenols, glycosides, quionones, coumarins, flvanoids, furaniods and tannins) were also done with two different conditions, normal and elevated temperature by soxhlet method. Plant samples were extracted and analysed with different extractants like Hexane, Ethyl acetate, methanol and water.Methanol and Ethyl acetate extracts shown to have higher amount of alkaloids, glycosides and triterpenoids. SDS-PAGE analysis has shown thicker bands in all the three leaf samples of Costus pictus as compared to Costus igneus and analysis further confirms the presence of significant quantity of protein in leaf samples. The bioactive chemical Corosolic acid also referred as “Glucosol” reported to have active reduction in blood glucose level. Corosolic acid is reported to have a vital role as antidiabetic and anti-obesity agent. In present study, for the first time HPLC reports the presence of Corosolic acid in leaf samples of Costus pictus.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF GENE BASED MARKERS FOR THE FUNCTIONAL GENES LOCATED IN FUSARIUM WILT RESISTANCE LOCUS IN CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.)
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-08-04) SUNIL, SUBRAMANYA, A. E.; Ravikumar, R. L.
    Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri is one of the most widely distributed biotic stress limiting the productivity of chickpea worldwide. The present investigation explored available genomic resources, such as the annotated draft genome sequence of chickpea from NCBI and transcriptome data from CTDB and identified the relative position of two marker A07C417 and TS-72 linked to Fusarium wilt resistance on to the chromosome Ca4 of sequence based physical map of chickpea genome using BLAST searched against whole genome sequence of chickpea. These two markers were separated by a distance of 1559.353 kb on chromosome Ca4, flanking a total number of 100 genes. The putative function of the genes has been identified. The prediction of microsatellites in the identified QTL region revealed only 57 per cent of genes in the identified genomic region contains SSRs. Among the repeat motifs, mononucleotide repeats were found in highest frequency followed by di-, tri-, penta- and tetranucleotide repeats. Among the 13 SSR primers synthesized for the microsatellites in the identified QTL region, primers UASBC 4 and UASBC 6 showed polymorphism between susceptible parent JG-62 and resistant parent WR-315. Sixty one F12 RILs derived from the cross JG-62 X WR-315 were used for linkage analysis of two markers with wilt resistance. The joint segregation analysis of UASBC 4 and UASBC 6 with wilt reaction for a digenic inheritance ratio of 1:1:1:1 showed significant deviation indicating linkage between UASBC 4 and UASBC 6 with wilt resistance and also among themselves. The single marker analysis confirmed the association of UASBC 4 and UASBC 6 with wilt reaction. In another study, an RAPD marker A07C417 linked to Fusarium wilt resistance was converted into more reliable CAPS marker. The segregation of CAPS marker in sixty one F12 RILs showed an expected monogenic ratio of 1:1. The joint segregation of CAPS marker and wilt reaction showed significant deviation from digenic inheritance ratio of 1:1:1:1 in RILs, suggesting linkage between CAPS marker and wilt resistance. The in silico mapping of CAPS marker using NCBI showed significant similarity with LOC101491241 on chromosome Ca4 of chickpea genome with putative function of wound responsive family protein
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SCREENING OF SWEET SORGHUM (Sorghum bicolor L.) GENOTYPES FOR HIGHER ETHANOL PRODUCTION
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-07-30) SADASHIVA, D. CHIKKALAKI; Harinikumar, K. M
    Due to the increasing price and depletion of fossil fuels there a necessity to find an alternative source of fuel. Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) which is similar to grain sorghum with sugar-rich stalks and a water-use efficient crop has a very good potential as an alternative feed stock for ethanol. Production cost of cultivation of sweet sorghum is 3 times lower than sugarcane. Similar to sugarcane, sweet sorghum juice extracted from stalks is high in sugars that are readily fermentable. In the present study fifteen sweet sorghum genotypes were screened for higher ethanol production. Genomic DNA was isolated using CTAB (2 %) method from young leaves. These genotypes were analysed for genetic diversity using SSR markers. SSR markers have particular importance because of their abundant distribution, highly polymorphic, reliable, and co-dominance nature. Matured plants juice was extracted from the stalk of the plants, RSSV 138 and URJA genotypes showed highest total sugar concentration of 14.78 % and 14.39 % respectively. The juice was fermented using Saccharomyces cerevisiae among which RSSV 138 and CSH 22SS genotypes showed highest ethanol yield of 13.25 g/l and 13.01 g/l respectively. From this study the sweet sorghum genotypes having high sugar concentration were identified and can be used for bioethanol production.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    METAGENOMIC ANALYSIS OF RHIZOSPHERIC MICROBIAL DIVERSITY IN RICE GROWN UNDER IRRIGATED AND AEROBIC CONDITION
    (UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU, 2015-07-10) MONOJ, SUTRADHAR; Shashidhar, H. E
    Aerobic rice cultivation is an eco-friendly method which encourages the soil microbes in rhizosphere, beneficial for plant growth and adaptation. A comparative study was carried out to understand the rhizosphere microflora population between aerobic and flooded rice as well as the microflora population change during the different growth stages of rice among the four different rice cultivars viz., ARB 6, IR 64, AM 65 and Jeerigesanna by standard plate count technique. The results showed greater population of bacteria, fungi and Azotobacter in aerobic rice rhizosphere in most of the cultivars and the population decreased from tillering stage to flowering stage. Whereas, Cellulomonas population was more in case of irrigated rice rhizosphere and the population increased from tillering stage to flowering stage in aerobic condition. The bacterial population diversity was detected by sequencing and RFLP analysis of metagenomic cloned libraries prepared from soil 16s rDNA amplified bands. Alphaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes were the major phylotype present in aerobic rice rhizosphere. The irrigated rice rhizosphere was detected with the presence of Alphaproteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria phylum in majority. Several numbers of bacterium were found in aerobic rice rhizosphere which are having beneficial effects on rice. The RDP (Ribosomal Database Project) analysis detected the presence of several uncultured bacterium in both the aerobic and anaerobic rice rhizosphere, which were not reported in rice before. The results suggested that bacterial population and diversity is greater in aerobic rice and it may vary based on the plant growth stages and variety as well.