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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
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ThesisItem Open Access Impact of brackish water on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars(CCSHAU, 2019) Sonia Rani; Sharma, Manoj KumarThe present study was carried out with the two chickpea (Cicer aritinum L.) cultivars viz. HC- 3 and CSG-8962 with differ in their sensitivity to tolerance in the screen house, in which two experiments were conducted. In first experiment, the treatment consisted of two types (Cl- and SO4 2- dominated) with the three levels 2, 4 and 6 dS m-1 of salinity. In the second experiment, the treatment consisted of three RSC level (0, 2.5 and 5.0 me L-1) with fixed ECiw 2.0 dS m-1 and constant SAR 20 (mmol L-1)1/2 along with the control or untreated. Both the experiments were replicated thrice in a factorial completely randomized design and the desired types of salinity and RSC levels were created using salts of the Na+, Ca+ and Mg2+. Germination of chickpea decreased and delayed with increased level of chloride and sulphate dominated salinity from control to 6 dS m-1 and in RSC dominated irrigation water from control to 5.0 me L-1. With the increasing level of salinity and RSC there was a reduction in the biomass, grain and straw yield of chickpea cultivars. However, the magnitude of adverse effect increased with increased the salt stress. The water potential (Ψw) of leaves and osmotic potential (Ψs) of leaves and roots became more negative with increasing in salt stress through salinity and RSC. HC-3 showed significantly higher accumulation in proline, glycine betaine and TSC contents than CSG-8962 at higher levels of salinity and RSC of 6 dS m-1 and 5.0 me L-1, respectively, as compared to control. Quantum yield, total chlorophyll and anthocyanin content was more decrease in CSG-8962 than HC-3 with increasing levels from control to 6.0 dS m-1 in both types of salinity and and 5.0 me L-1 in RSC dominated soils. Accumulation of MDA content, higher rate of lipid peroxidation was also higher in CSG-8962 than HC-3 at higher level of salt stress. The leakage of the ions which is measured as relative stress injury increased with increasing levels of both type of salinity and RSC. Relative stress injury was found to be more in CSG-8962 as compared to HC-3 in the leaves and roots at higher level of salt stress through salinity and RSC. pH of soil increased with increased in salinity and RSC levels. ECe increased with increasing level of salinity and decreased with increasing level of RSC. Na+, Ca2++Mg2+, Cl-, SO4 2- in shoots and roots markedly increased with increased levels of chloride and sulphate dominated salinity and RSC on the irrigation water applied to soil, K+ content decreased under salinity and RSC dominated soils. This experiment showed that there was no out flow of the effluent occurred in case of the soil column irrigated with high bicarbonate dominated water due to the reduction in the hydraulic conductivity. By increase in the level of irrigation (dominated in chloride, sulphate and bicarbonates), large amount of water was needed for the leaching of the salts from the root zone, so as reach to the desired level of salt concentration of the effluents.ThesisItem Open Access Distribution, release characteristics and response of potassium to maize in major physiographic units of Haryana(CCSHAU, 2019) Md.Sarware Alam; Grewal, K.S.Eight descriptive profiles representing major physiographic units of Haryana were selected and evaluated for various morphophysico-chemical properties, potassium fractions and potassium release behaviour using organic (oxalic and citric acid) and mineral acids (nitric acid). The soils varied in colour from dark brown to dark yellowish brown. The structure was predominantly sub-angular blocky in all profiles and the soil consistence varied between very sticky very plastic to non-sticky non-plastic. The soils were alkaline in reaction, non-saline, non-calcareous to slightly calcareous in nature. The exchangeable bases exhibited different regular and irregular trend as a result of variation in soil depth. the soil texture varied from sand to clay loam with low to medium OC and available P and low available N. Organic carbon and available N, P, K, Zn showed decreasing trend with increasing depth whereas Fe, Mn and Cu showed irregular trend with depth. A significant positive relationship was observed between clay and silt with CEC and organic carbon and a negative correlation with soil pH and sand. Water soluble K , exchangeable K, non-exchangeable K and total K content in soils varied from 8.70 to 24.93, 53.45 to 160.25,258.05 to 1273.10 mg kg-1 and 1.15 to 1.91% , respectively with mean values of 7.27 to 16.0, 46.46 to 130.63, 28.83 to 1392.48 mg kg-1and 1.21 to 2.03%, respectively. Water soluble potassium and exchangeable potassium was higher in surface layer which decreased with increase in depth in all the soil profiles. There was no specific trend of non-exchangeable K and total K distribution with respect to soil depth. In general, subsurface soils had higher amount of non-exchangeable-K compared to surface layers. Maximum amount of water soluble K, exchangeable K, non-exchangeable K and total K were observed in old alluvial plains (Typic Haplustepts) followed by recent alluvial plain (Typic Natrustalfs) and minimum in aeolian plains (Typic Ustipsamments). Different forms of potassium were positively and significantly correlated with organic carbon, silt and clay content and negatively correlated with sand content. The different forms of potassium were positively and significantly correlated among themselves which suggests the existence of interdependency and dynamic equilibrium between K forms. Highest amount of K was released from the soils using oxalic acid followed by nitric acid and lowest by citric acid. The highest amount of K was extracted in first five extractions and then it gradually decreased with increasing the number of extractions and finally remained almost constant thereby suggests that a major part of potassium from the reserve pool had been released in the initial five extractions.The maximum release of non-exchangeable K was recorded in old alluvial plains (Typic Haplustepts) followed by recent alluvial plains (Typic Natrustalfs), recent alluvial plains (Typic Ustorthent),Siwallik hills valley (Typic Udorthents), Siwallik foot hills (Typic Ustorthents), Piedmont plain (Typic Ustochrepts), aeolian plain (Typic Ustorthents) and minimum aeolian plain (Typic Ustipsamments) by all the three acids. Total extractable-K, total step-K constant rate-K and CPK value varied among different profile soils. The cumulative release of non-exchangeable K by repeated extraction followed a semi-logarithmic behaviour with number of extractions, indicating that the release of non-exchangeable K decreased with sequential extractions. The dry matter yield of maize increased with application of potassium. The increase in dry matter yield was significant in soils having medium amounts of ammonium acetate extractable potassium and non-significant in soils where level of potassium was adequate. Potassium concentration in dry matter of maize increased with application of increasing levels of K in all soils. The increase in N,P, K and Zn uptake by maize plants was significant in majority of soils at 60 mg kg-1(except old alluvial plain (Typic Haplustepts) and recent alluvial plain (Typic Natrustalfs) where 90 mg kg-1 K level was statistically at par with 60 mg kg-1. It was further observed that available as well as non-exchangeable K increased in all soils after maize harvest whereas it decreased in controls pots. The magnitude of increase was higher at higher levels of K application. Dry matter yield and K uptake were positively and significantly correlated with different forms of potassium.ThesisItem Open Access Long term effect of FYM and nitrogen application on N, P, K fractions and distribution pattern of available nutrients in soil under pearl millet-wheat cropping system(CCSHAU, 2019) Deepika; Sharma, Manoj KumarAn ongoing long-term field experiment on Integrated nutrient management (FYM and fertilizer N) under Pearl millet wheat cropping sequences, established in October 1967, at research farm, department of soil science, CCS HAU, Hisar, India was selected to study “Long term effect of FYM and nitrogen application on N, P, K fractions and distribution pattern of available nutrients in soil under pearl millet-wheat cropping system”. The experimental treatment consisted of three level of FYM (15, 30 and 45 Mg/ha) till 2007-08 and 5, 10 and 15 ton per hectare from 2008-09 onwards. There mode of application: every Kharif crop (summer season), in every Rabi crop (winter season) and in both (Kharif and Rabi) the crop. An absolute control without application of FYM in any of the seasons was maintained as a control. These 10 treatments( 3 FYM level x 3 modes of application+ I FYM control) were allocated in the main plots and each main plot was subdivided into three subplots receiving fertilizer N at 0, 60 and 120 kg N/ hectare in each season through urea using split plot design. All the treatments were replicated three times, each subplot measuring 10 x 5 m FYM was incorporated in top 15-20 cm layers 3 to 4 weeks before sowing the crops. Significant increase in electrical conductivity, Soil organic carbon, Dissolved organic carbon, Calcium and Magnesium, all macro nutrients and micronutrients (Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe), Total nitrogen and Nitrogen fraction, Total Phosphorus and Phosphorus fractions and Potassium and Potassium fractions was observed when FYM applied at 15 Mg/ha, followed by 10 and 5 Mg/ha, however decrease trend observed for pH of soil at all the depth. The changes in all organic nitrogen fractions (Acid insoluble N, Total hydrolysable N, hydrolysable NH3-N, amino sugar N, amino acid N, hydrolysable unknown N) were more dynamic in various treatment combination consisting of modes and levels of FYM and N fertilizer. Increase in EC, SOC, DOC, macro(N, P, S, Ca, Mg) and micronutrient of soil, Total N and its fractions, Total P and its fractions and was noticed when increase in amount of N application at all the modes and level of application from control to 120 kg/ha, but pH, Total K and its fractions shows reverse trend. Continuous application of organic manure (FYM) along with N fertilizer for 50 years led to resulted in increase in content of protein, chlorophyll content, Grain and straw yield , Nutrient concentration and uptake (macro and micro nutrients),Leaf area index, Crop growth rate, Relative growth rate, C in seeds of wheat crop.ThesisItem Open Access Bio-fortification of Fe and Zn in rice (Oryza sativa L.)(CCSHAU, 2019) Jangir, Chetan Kumar; Sangwan, P.S.For the present investigation, fifteen surface soil samples from each North-Eastern district (10) of Haryana under paddy-wheat cropping system were collected using GPS to study the distribution of micronutrients (Fe and Zn), their contribution in paddy, release behaviour and finally the effect of Fe and Zn on their bio-fortification in rice. To achieve the objectives, a laboratory, screen house and field study was carried out. Laboratory and screen house study was conducted at CCS HAU, Hisar while field study was carried out at CCS HAU Rice Research Station, Kaul during kharif 2017 on loamy soil testing slightly alkaline in pH, low EC, low in available N, low to medium in available P, medium to high in available K. Field experiment in a RBD with five replications was laid out in a plot size of (5m x 4m) having five levels each of Zn [(0, 12.5 , 25.0 kg ha-1 as basal, foliar spray (0.5%) ZnSO4 at Panicle initiation & Heading stages and 25 kg ha-1 as basal + foliar spray (0.5% ) ZnSO4 at Panicle initiation & Heading stages] and Fe [0,50,100 kg ha-1 as basal, Foliar spray (0.5%) FeSO4 at 45 DAS and 100 kg ha-1 as basal + foliar spray (0.5%) FeSO4 at 45 DAS]. Results showed significant differences due to various treatments of Fe and Zn over their respective controls. The highest grain yield was recorded with combined application of 25 kg Zn ha-1 as soil application + foliar spray of Zn (0.5%) at Panicle initiation and heading stages which was significantly superior to (Zn 0.5% foliar spray @ 45 days after sowing which in turn on a almost par with the treatment of 25 kg Zn ha-1 as soil application alone. Likewise, with Fe fertilization grain yield also differed significantly with the treatments over control. The same was true for straw. The data on harvest index of Fe & Zn, and protein content revealed that their values differed significantly with various treatments of Zn or Fe over their respective controls. A screen house study also supported these findings. The laboratory study on fractionation of Zn and Fe showed that the different forms of Zn and Fe were mainly associated in the residual fraction and the order of preponderance of Zn fractions was Ex-ZnThesisItem Open Access Kinetics of potassium release and its response to maize and oats in major soil orders of Haryana(CCSHAU, 2019) Bhat, Mohammad Amin; Grewal, K.S.The data on physico-chemical properties of the soil samples reveal that the soils were alkaline in reaction, non-saline, non-calcareous, sand to sandy clay loam in texture and having low to medium organic carbon and available P and low available N. The variation in soil properties reflects the diverse parent materials. The kinetics of non-exchangeable potassium release from whole soil and different soil fractions collected from major soil orders of Haryana was investigated using nitric, citric and oxalic acids. Calcium saturated soils and soil separates were equilibrated for 0.25 to 100 hr. The release of K increased as a function of time. Almost more than half of the potassium was released in first five hours of equilibration thereafter the release plateaued. The maximum K release was observed in clay fraction followed by whole soils, silt, fine sand and minimum in coarse sand at all the three concentrations of the acids concerned. Highest amount of K was released from the soils and soil separates using oxalic acid followed by nitric acid and lowest by citric acid. By and large, the release of non-exchangeable K was maximum in Alfisols followed by Inceptisols, Aridisols and least in Entisols.The kinetics of potassium release was evaluated using zero order, first order, Elovich, parabolic and power functions. In general, Elovich equation and power function equation best described the potassium release from soil and its fractions as evidenced by higher values of coefficient of determination (R2) and lowest value of standard error (SE) of estimate. Water soluble accounted for 0.06 percent, available K accounted for 0.56 percent, exchangeable K constituted 0.51 percent and non exchangeable K constituted about 3.21 percent of total K. More than 94 percent of the total K was in mineral form suggesting that parent material is the origin of most of the K. The positive and significant correlations amongst the forms of K are indicative of the existence of interdependency and dynamic equilibrium between K forms. Positive and significant correlation between non-exchangeable K and clay (r =0.80; p ≤ 0.05) and silt fraction (r =0.95; p ≤ 0.01) suggest that finer fractions would supply K when soil solution and exchangeable K are depleted. The potassium releasing power of various soils was assessed in screen house by growing maize and oats in succession. As far as total K uptake by crops is concerned, available K contributed 33.59 per cent whereas contribution from non-exchangeable sources was nearly 66.41 per cent to total K uptake. Better correlation coefficients between cumulative K uptake and non-exchangeable K release to oxalic acid can be used to predict and ascertain the long term K supplying power of the soils. The constants ‗a‘ and‗b‘ calculated from Elovich equation were significantly correlated with available K and cumulative yield. However, both the constants showed positive correlation with cumulative but non significant.ThesisItem Open Access Screening of wheat cultivars for zinc, iron and manganese biofortification and their partitioning(CCSHAU, 2019) Panghaal, Dheeraj; Malik, R.S.In order to screen prominent bread and durum wheat varieties for their tolerance to Zn, Fe and Mn stress a pot experiment was conducted in the screen house of Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, CCS HAU, Hisar. For this study, soil was collected from Village Balsamand, District Hisar. Before sowing, a basal application of recommended doses of N, P and K were applied using 50 mg N kg-1 soil as urea, 50 mg P kg-1 soil as potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) and 15 mg K kg-1 soil through potassium sulphate (K2SO4) in each pot. Soil was thoroughly mixed and filled in plastic pots at the rate of five kg soil per pot. In all the pots, soil was moistened with distilled water, dried and thoroughly mixed for equilibration. The pots were arranged in completely randomized block design in the screen house according to Steel and Torrie (1980). Ten viable seeds of different varieties of wheat were sown on 30th November, 2017 in each pot. Thinning was done after 30 days of sowing and four plants per pot were allowed to grow up to maturity. Pots were irrigated as and when required. For biofortification study, prominent wheat variety from both durum and bread were used in the experiment. The experiment was laid out under field condition at Research farm, Department of Soil Science.WH-1105 andWHD-943 varieties of wheat were chosen for Zn, Fe and Mn biofortification. The highest value of Zn, Fe and Mn fractions were recorded under Zn Fe and Mn treatment (basal dose @ 25 mg kg-1), (foliar spary 3 times @ 0.5 % FeSO4) and (foliar spray 3 times @ 0.5 % MnSO4), respectively over control. The maximum yield was increased in the RAJ-3765, WH-711 and RAJ-3765 respectively for bread wheat, while WH-896, WHD-948 and PDW-314, respectively for durum wheat after application of Zn, Fe and Mn fertilizers, respectively. Protein content in wheat increased with application of Zn, Fe and Mn fertilizer. There was no significant variation in harvest index in both the bread and durum wheat cultivars with application of Zn, Fe and Mn fertilizers. Zn, Fe and Mn transfer coefficient increased over control in bread and durum wheat varieties. In case of biofortification efficiency, the DTPA-Zn, Fe and Mn were increased significantly with the application of Zn, Fe and Mn fertilizers. The Zn, Fe and Mn fractions were found highest in residual Zn, Fe and Mn respectively, with the fertilizers application. The highest biofortification efficiency of Zn, Fe and Mn were recorded in WHD-943 durum wheat cultivar. Protein content in wheat grains increased with the levels of Zn, Fe and Mn application in both the wheat cultivars. The transfer coefficient of Zn, Fe and Mn increased over control in both the varieties. The Zn, Fe and Mn concentration in the roots increased from 2nd week to 10th week and then decreased up to physiological maturity of the crop in all the treatments over control.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of long term application of FYM and nitrogen in pearl millet-wheat rotation on soil chemical and microbiological properties(CCSHAU, 2019) Sheoran, Sunita; Grewal, K.S.An ongoing long-term field experiment established in 1967 on coarse loamy soil on research farm of Department of Soil Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar (India) was selected to study the effects of various modes and levels of FYM and fertilizer N on soil properties and crop productivity under pearl millet-wheat crop rotation. The experiment was laid out in split plot design consisted of 3 levels and 3 modes of FYM application in main plot and 2 levels of fertilizer N in sub-plot. The plant and soil samples were collected during and after 51 cycles of pearl millet-wheat cropping system. The results revealed that application of FYM alone or in combination with fertilizer N decreased the soil pH as compared to initial value but soil EC showed the reverse trend. The soil organic carbon (SOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and available nutrient (N, P and S) content responded significantly to combined application of FYM and fertilizer N. Available nutrient content and enzyme activity were higher at vigorous growth stages of crop and gradually declined with maturity of both the crops. In the plots receiving FYM in same season resulted higher accrual in SOC and nutrient content after harvest of the crop, while application in previous season decreased from sowing to harvest. The highest build-up of available K and TOC (1608.5 kg ha-1 and 2.17%, 1598.60 kg ha-1 and 2.21%, respectively for pearl millet and wheat) was recorded in the plots receiving FYM in both the seasons. In pearl millet-wheat cropping, after harvest of both the crops C-fractions followed the order as: less labile>very labile>recalcitrant>labile. After pearl and wheat millet harvest, with the application of FYM in rabi, kharif and both seasons, less labile+recalcitrant fraction was about 56.7, 56.0 and 54.5%, 54.1, 56.7 and 51.4% of TOC, respectively. The MBC, MBN and MBP content increased with increasing FYM application rate and addition of fertilizer N and discernible increase was noticed with application of 15 Mg FYM ha-1 yr-1. Continuous application of FYM for 51 years significantly increased the soluble salts in all the treatment which was reflected in higher EC of soil and seeds. The total N, P, K and S content in soil after wheat harvest was varied from 852.0 to 2739.3; 685.7 to 1644.4; 20424.7 to 29038.9 and 353.3 to 2654.4 kg ha-1, respectively among different treatments. Among different modes of FYM application, total nutrients content in soil followed the order: both season>rabi>kharif. The highest grain yield (20.6 and 55.6 q ha-1 for pearl millet and wheat, respectively) was obtained with the application of 10 Mg ha-1 yr-1 in combination with 120 kg N ha-1 yr-1. The results showed that N, P and K content in pearl millet grain and wheat ranged from 1.75 to 2.12; 0.123 to 0.239 and 0.317 to 0.423 %, 1.66 to 2.09; 0.38 to 0.53 and 0.39 to 0.59 %, respectively. Comparatively higher nutrient content was recorded with combined application of FYM and fertilizer N as compared to applied alone. All the seed quality parameters (EC, protein content, standard germination, Tz test, seedling length and dry weight, vigour index) except test weight of seeds were found improved with increasing application rate of FYM in both the crops. The integrated use of organic manures and fertilizers resulted in higher productivity, improved soil health and maintained the sustainability of pearl millet-wheat crop rotation.ThesisItem Open Access Nickel status, its sorption-desorption and response behaviour to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)in soils of Haryana(CCSHAU, 2019) Kamboj, Nidhi; Malik, R.S.To investigate the status of Nickel, its sorption –desorption and response behaviour of wheat to its application, laboratory and screen house experiment were conducted. For the purpose of this study the soil samples were collected from different sites within the Haryana covering the selected soil series and major soil orders of Haryana. The soil samples were found neutral to slightly alkaline in reaction, non-saline and having low organic carbon and nil to medium CaCO3 content. Sorption and desorption of Nickel from these soils were also estimated. The texture of the soil varied widely from sand to sandy clay loam. The highest DTPA- extractable and total nickel content was found in Gurgaon and Rohtak, respectively. Available and total Nickel content was significantly negatively correlated with pH (r = -0.174*) for available Nickel and pH (r = -0.259**) for total Nickel. Available Ni was also found significantly negatively correlated with CaCO3 (r = -0.194*). Among the eighteen samples collected from well established soil series of Haryana, the maximum sorption (37.76 μg g-1) and desorption (19.28 μg g-1) of Nickel was reported from soil samples of Nimriwali and Lukhi soil series, respectively. Whereas, minimum sorption (32.56 μg g-1) and desorption (2.47 μg g-1) of Nickel was obtained from the soil samples of Berpura and Isarwal series. Sorption and desorption behaviour of different levels of Ni (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60 and 90 μg g-1) in four soil samples selected from four major orders of Haryana were studied. The adsorption isotherm obtained from Nickel concentration in equilibrium (C; μg ml-1) vs. Ni adsorbed (X; μg g-1) indicated that the amount of adsorbed Ni increased with an increase in equilibrium Ni concentration in all the four experimental soils. Linear, Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption equations were also considered to explain the sorption equilibrium of Nickel in these soils. The higher value of prediction coefficients (R2) for all the soils indicating that Freundlich equation could explain Ni sorption in experimental soils to a reasonably good extent. In soil of Aridisols, wheat seed, straw and biological yield decreased with increased application of Nickel from 0 to 100 mg kg-1. Whereas in soils of Entisols, Alfisols and Inceptisols an increment in yield of seed and straw was reported upto the level20 mg Ni kg-1.The concentration of Nickel in seed, straw as well as in soil after harvesting of wheat crop significantly increases with the increase in doses of applied Nickel in all the four soil samples. The maximum nickel content in wheat grain and straw in Aridisols, Entisols, Alfisoils and Inceptisols, respectively was found at 100 mg Ni kg-1.The protein and chlorophyll content was decreased with the increased application of Nickel. The minimum crude protein content 8.66 for Aridisols, 8.85 for Entisols, 9.11 for Alfisols and Inceptisols, as nickel was applied at higher rate i.e. 100 mg Ni kg-1.The highest nickel use efficiency, utilization efficiency and uptake efficiency in wheat was found with the low level of Nickel application.ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of carbon stock potential as affected by cropping systems in soils of eastern Haryana(CCSHAU, 2018) Lamba, Shubham; Phogat, V.K.Maintenance of carbon stocks in agricultural soils to an optimum level is crucial for achieving food security and environmental quality. Carbon is continuously cycling between diverse global carbon pools, understanding the dynamics of soil organic carbon and its relation with farming practices is utmost important for management of soil organic carbon pools and sustainability in agricultural production systems. The availability of nutrients and organic carbon in soils of Haryana is depleted primarily because of exhaustive crops, chemical fertilizers, and poor management followed by less or no application of manures and organic amendments. Soils of Haryana have potential to sequester carbon in varying amounts depending upon the soil texture and cropping system adopted. Samples from the surface and sub-surface soils were collected with the help of handheld GPS from Sonepat, Panipat, Karnal, Kurukshetra, Ambala, Yamunanagar, Panchkula, Jind, Kaithal, Rohtak, Jhajjar, Faridabad, Mewat, Palwal and Gurugram districts. The soil organic carbon (SOC) (3.53 g kg-1), soil organic carbon stock (SCS) (8.81 Mg ha-1 C) and carbon sequestration rate (0.88 Mg ha-1 C) were significantly higher under rice-wheat cropping system as compared to rest of the cropping systems. Likewise, the Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) (54.33 mg kg-1), light fraction carbon (LFC) (0.32 g kg-1), heavy fraction carbon (HFC) (0.98 g kg-1), coarse particulate organic carbon (cPOC) (0.26 g kg-1), fine particulate organic carbon (fPOC) (0.37 g kg-1), mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) (1.29 g kg-1) and dehydrogenase activity (DH) (5.878 μgTPF/g soil/24 h) were also significantly higher under rice-wheat cropping system. At various soil profile depths, the SOC (4.73 g kg-1), SCS (9.94 Mg ha-1 C), SCR (0.99 Mg ha-1 C), and carbon pools such as MBC (112.86 mg kg-1), LFC (0.43 g kg-1), HFC (1.38 g kg-1), cPOC (0.37 g kg-1), fPOC (0.49 g kg-1) and MAOC (1.96 g kg-1) were found significantly higher at surface 0-15 cm depth as compare to sub-surface soil depths. Nitrogen (217 kg ha-1), phosphorus (19.4 kg ha1), potassium (219 kg ha-1) were found significantly higher at the surface (0-15 cm) of rice-wheat cropping system. Among DTPA extractable micronutrients zinc (0.712 mg kg-1) was found significantly higher in cultivated fields of rice-wheat cropping systems whereas copper was found higher in cultivated fields of all cropping systems with significant differences. Higher values of bulk density (BD), pH and EC were observed in pearl millet-based cropping systems dominated by loamy sand texture. The relationship of SOC, SCS, SOC pools and different physicochemical properties showed both positive and negative correlation with the varying level of significance. The pH and EC were found most non-significant parameters when correlated with SOC, SCS, SOC pools and nutrients. The soils of the state have significantly lost SOC from cultivated fields and thus bears significant potential for carbon sequestration whereas rice-wheat cropping system is nearly saturated and possess very less or no potential to sequester carbon.