Long term effect of FYM and nitrogen application on N, P, K fractions and distribution pattern of available nutrients in soil under pearl millet-wheat cropping system
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Date
2019
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CCSHAU
Abstract
An ongoing long-term field experiment on Integrated nutrient management (FYM and fertilizer N) under Pearl millet wheat cropping sequences, established in October 1967, at research farm, department of soil science, CCS HAU, Hisar, India was selected to study “Long term effect of FYM and nitrogen application on N, P, K fractions and distribution pattern of available nutrients in soil under pearl millet-wheat cropping system”.
The experimental treatment consisted of three level of FYM (15, 30 and 45 Mg/ha) till 2007-08 and 5, 10 and 15 ton per hectare from 2008-09 onwards. There mode of application: every Kharif crop (summer season), in every Rabi crop (winter season) and in both (Kharif and Rabi) the crop. An absolute control without application of FYM in any of the seasons was maintained as a control. These 10 treatments( 3 FYM level x 3 modes of application+ I FYM control) were allocated in the main plots and each main plot was subdivided into three subplots receiving fertilizer N at 0, 60 and 120 kg N/ hectare in each season through urea using split plot design. All the treatments were replicated three times, each subplot measuring 10 x 5 m FYM was incorporated in top 15-20 cm layers 3 to 4 weeks before sowing the crops.
Significant increase in electrical conductivity, Soil organic carbon, Dissolved organic carbon, Calcium and Magnesium, all macro nutrients and micronutrients (Zn, Mn, Cu, Fe), Total nitrogen and Nitrogen fraction, Total Phosphorus and Phosphorus fractions and Potassium and Potassium fractions was observed when FYM applied at 15 Mg/ha, followed by 10 and 5 Mg/ha, however decrease trend observed for pH of soil at all the depth. The changes in all organic nitrogen fractions (Acid insoluble N, Total hydrolysable N, hydrolysable NH3-N, amino sugar N, amino acid N, hydrolysable unknown N) were more dynamic in various treatment combination consisting of modes and levels of FYM and N fertilizer. Increase in EC, SOC, DOC, macro(N, P, S, Ca, Mg) and micronutrient of soil, Total N and its fractions, Total P and its fractions and was noticed when increase in amount of N application at all the modes and level of application from control to 120 kg/ha, but pH, Total K and its fractions shows reverse trend.
Continuous application of organic manure (FYM) along with N fertilizer for 50 years led to resulted in increase in content of protein, chlorophyll content, Grain and straw yield , Nutrient concentration and uptake (macro and micro nutrients),Leaf area index, Crop growth rate, Relative growth rate, C in seeds of wheat crop.