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2017 - 20209
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Subject: Veterinary Pathology × End date: 2020 × Start date: 2010 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SATHISH SANGMESHWAR
    (KVAFSU,BIDAR, 2019) SATHISH SANGMESHWAR
    Disorders of lymphoid organs are often common in sheep and are not detected easily until related clinical signs are observed. These are important in understanding the disease process but are generally neglected during routine post mortem examination. Thus examination of lymphoid organs at necropsy/slaughter is the only way to understand pathology behind disorders of lymphoid organs. The present study was therefore aimed at documenting various pathological conditions affecting the lymphoid organs of sheep. A total of 110 sheep carcasses were examined, lymph node lesions were recorded in all cases where splenic lesions in 76 (69.09 %) cases. Prominent clinical signs observed were related to different systems such as digestive, respiratory and urogenital. Lymph nodes pertaining to respective systems along with spleen were examined in all cases. Based on gross and histopathological changes, the lymph node lesions were classified as congestion in 56 (50.09 %) cases, oedema in 15 (13.63 %) cases, reactive hyperplasia in 27 (24.54 %) cases, lymphoid depletion in five (4.54 %), liquefaction in seven (6.36 %) cases caseation in five (4.54 %) cases, chronic lymphadenitis in nine (8.18 %) cases, discrete eosinophilic accumulation in eight (7.27 %) cases, hemosiderosis in five (4.54 %) cases, necrotic debris accumulation and anthracosis in four (3.63 %) cases. Likewise splenic lesions were classified as congestion in 32 (29.09 %) cases, oedema in 20 (18.18 %) cases, haemorrhages in 11 (10.00 %) cases, hyperplasia in eight (7.27 %) cases, hemosiderosis in seven (6.36 %) and amyloidosis in four (3.364 %) cases. Thus the findings of the present study concluded that disorders of lymphoid organs are important with respect to sheep health and proper attention is needed to mitigate the losses due to the disorders of lymphoid organs and associated mortality by taking proper managemental care.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON HEPATIC AND RENAL DISORDERS IN SHEEP
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2019) KIRAN, H. J.; JAYARAMU G. M.
    A total of 110 sheep mortalities were necropsied and only those organs showing abnormalities were noted, which included 105 liver, 102 kidney, 17 hepatic and 13 pre-renal lymph nodes. The most frequent lesions observed were congestion (73.33%) followed by cell swelling (23.81%), haemorrhage (21.90%), hydropic degeneration (18.09%), coagulative necrosis (18.09%), acute focal hepatitis (14.28%), fatty change (8.57%), biliary hyperplasia (6.67%), acute multifocal hepatitis (5.71%), chronic hepatitis (3.81%), thrombosis (0.95%) and hepatic abscess (0.95%) in liver in that order. Whereas, in kidneys, the most common lesions comprised congestion (67.65%), cell swelling (29.41%), coagulative necrosis (19.61%), haemorrhages (18.63%), hydropic degeneration (16.67%), focal interstitial nephritis (4.90%), multifocal interstitial nephritis (2.94%), glomerulonephritis (1.96%), hyaline degeneration (1.96%), fatty changes (0.98%), diffuse interstitial nephritis (0.98%), abscess (0.98%) and polycystic kidney (0.98%). In hepatic and pre-renal lymph nodes, incidence of pathological changes were 15.45 and 11.81 per cent. Among the affected nodes, frequent lesions were congestion followed by oedema, reactive hyperplasia, necrotic debris and discrete eosinophilic accumulations, and lymphoid depletion. Predominant lesions observed in Enterotoxaemia were congestion, followed by coagulative necrosis and acute hepatitis in liver. In kidney, congestion, necrosis and interstitial nephritis were observed. The hepatic and pre-renal lymph node lesions were congestion, lymphoid depletion and oedema. Similarly, in Mimosa diplotricha plant toxicity, haemorrhages, degenerative and necrotic changes in liver were seen, whereas in kidneys haemorrhages, hyaline degeneration and coagulative necrosis were observed. In both these cases, the associated lymph node lesions were congestion, necrotic debris accumulation and oedema in that order.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON INDUCED DIABETES IN RATS WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON COMBINED EFFICACY OF Gymnema sylvestre AND Eugenia jambolana
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY ANIMAL FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY., 2020-02) NAGABHUSHAN, C; Dr. SUGUNA RAO
    The present study was taken up to evaluate the combined antidiabetic effect of Gymnema sylvestre and Eugenia jambolana along with glibenclamide in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats for a period of 45 days. The various groups in this study included normal control (Group I), diabetic control (Group II), diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide (Group III), diabetic rats treated with a combination of Gymnema sylvestre and Eugenia jambolana at half dose (Group IV), diabetic rats treated with a combination of Gymnema sylvestre and Eugenia jambolana at full dose (Group V), diabetic rats treated with a combination of Gymnema sylvestre and Eugenia jambolana along with glibenclamide at half dose (Group VI) respectively. There was significant difference in physiological, biochemical and pathomorphological parameters of diabetic rats when compared to normal control rats. The alleviation of diabetic effects and its complications induced
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDY ON THE EVALUATION OF DIAGNOSTIC METHODS OF ANIMAL RABIES USING BRAIN TISSUES COLLECTED BY DIFFERENT APPROACHES
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2020-08) MOHAMED GHOUSE, H; Dr. M. L. SATYANARAYANA
    A total of 51 brain Samples (cerebellum and brain stem) were collected from rabies suspected animals that were received for rabies diagnosis at Department of veterinary pathology, Veterinary college, Bangalore. Brain samples collected by foramen magnum approach using simple instruments viz., Artificial Insemination (AI) sheath and also collected from conventional skull open method. The LFA, DFA and dRIT tests were conducted and comparative evaluation of all three tests was done on samples collected from both the methods. Out of 51 samples tested, 41 were positive and 10 were negative for rabies by LFA, DFA and dRIT tests. There was 100 per cent correlation between the LFA, DFA and
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON INDUCED DIABETES IN RATS WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON COMBINED EFFICACY OF Gymnema sylvestre AND Momordica charantia EXTRACTS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2020-07) KAVYASHREE, T.L; Dr. M.L. SATYANARAYANA
    The present study was conducted in diabetes induced rats with special emphasis on efficacy of combined herbal extracts. Gymnema sylvestre and Momordica charantia were used at the dose of 200 mg/kg b.w each (100per cent) and Gymnema sylvestre + Momordica charantia at the dose rate of 100 mg/kg b.w each (50per cent) and Glibenclamide at the dose rate of 300 µg/kg b.w (50per cent) were administered in combination and compared with an oral hypoglycaemic drug, Glibenclamide, for a period of 45 days. There was a significant difference in various parameters like body weight, serum glucose, serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, ALT, AST, haemoglobin, RBC count, WBC count, platelets count and antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx and CAT) in diabetic rats as compared to normal control rats. The partial alleviation of diabetic effects was observed in all combination of treatments in the present study
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON INDUCED DIABETES IN RATS WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON EFFICACY OF COMBINED HERBAL EXTRACT
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FOISHERIE'S SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2020-07) RASHMI WALI; Dr. M.L. SATYANARAYANA
    The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of combined herbal extract along with glibenclamide in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats for a period of 45 days. The various groups in this study included normal control (Group I), diabetic control (Group II), diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide (Group III), diabetic rats treated with combined herbal extract (Group IV) and combination of combined herbal extract and glibenclamide (Group V). There was significant variation in biochemical and pathomorphological parameters (antioxidant assay and histopathology) in diabetic rats when compared to normal control rats. The alleviation of the diabetes and its complications induced by streptozotocin was obseved in all the treatment groups with variable degree of improvement. Combination of combined herbal extract and glibenclamide was effective in alleviating streptozotocin induced diabetes and was comparable with glibenclamide. Combination of combined herbal extract (50%) and glibenclamide (50%) showed better improvement compared to combined herbal extract alone but statistically no significant synergetic action was observed. However, synergistic effect was noticed in combination of combined herbal extract and glibenclamide. Key words: Diabetes, combined herbal extract, glibenclamide, streptozotocin
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON INDUCED DIABETES IN RATS WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON COMBINED EFFICACY OF GYMNEMA SYLVESTRE AND SWERTIA CHIRAYITA EXTRACTS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FOISHERIE'S SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2020-01) BHARATH KUMAR, K.; Dr. SUGUNA RAO
    The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic efficacy of Gymnema sylvestre and Swertia chirayita in combination with or without glibenclamide in streptozotocin induced diabetes in rats. The various groups in this study included normal control (Group I), diabetic control (Group II), diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide (Group III) at 600 μg/kg bw, diabetic rats treated with combination of Gymnema sylvestre and Swertia chirayita (Group IV) at 200 mg/kg bw each and diabetic rats treated with a combination of herbal extracts along with glibenclamide (Group V) at 100 mg/kg bw each and 300 μg/kg bw respectively. There was a significant improvement in the evaluatory parameters such as body weights, serum glucose, ALT, AST, cholesterol, triglyceride, blood parameters and hepatic antioxidant enzymes in treatment groups when compared to diabetic control. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of pancreas also showed an improvement in the number of islet and β cells by 45th day in the treatment groups compared to diabetic control. Glibenclamide treatment substantially alleviated the effects of STZ in diabetic rats. However, the improvement was not on par with that of normal control rats. Combination of Gymnema sylvestre and Swertia chirayita with or without glibenclamide treatment only partially alleviated the STZ induced diabetic effects. Among the treatment groups, combination of herbal extract along with the glibenclamide at half dose showed better antidiabetic effect. No synergistic and no dose-dependent improvement was observed in the combination of Gymnema sylvestre and Swertia chirayita extract treatment. Combination of herbal extracts showed only mild antidiabetic effect hence cannot replace conventional anti diabetic treatment with glibenclamide. Key words: Diabetes, Gymnema sylvestre, Swertia chirayita, glibenclamide, streptozotocin, rats, immunohistochemistry
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFICACY OF ZINC OXIDE (ZnO) NANOPARTICLES IN DIETHYLNITROSAMINE (DEN) INDUCED HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS IN RATS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL & FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2018-07) JEEVAN, K; Dr. SUGUNA RAO
    The present study was carried out to determine the prophylactic and therapeutic anticancerous efficacy of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) against DEN induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. The various groups in the study included negative control (Group I), DEN control (Group II), ZnO NPs control (Group III), ZnO NPs and DEN concurrent group (Group IV), ZnO NPs pre-treatment group (Group V) and ZnO NPs post-treatment group (Group VI). Hepatocarcinogenesis was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of DEN (100 mg/kg) on Day one followed by 0.01 % DEN in drinking water ad libitum throughout the study period. Induction of hepatocarcinogenesis was determined by the appearance of grayish white nodules on the surface of liver grossly and confirmed by microscopical examination. ZnO NPs were used at a dose rate of 25 mg/kg body weight. The effect of DEN administration and ZnO NPs treatment in different groups were assessed by hemato-biochemical parameters, oxidant and antioxidant prolife, histopathology, immunohistochemical and molecular evaluation of p53 and glutamine synthetase expression. DEN induced hepatocarcinogenesis as early as by 60th day and induced larger growths of hepatocellular carcinoma by 90th day. ZnO NPs concurrent and pre-treatment delayed the onset of DEN induced hepatocarcinogenesis and reduced the number of hepatocellular carcinoma nodules. ZnO NPs post-treatment did not reveal any effect on completely developed hepatic tumors. Based on the results, it was concluded that ZnO NPs have prophylactic effect but no therapeutic effect against DEN induced hepatocarcinogenesis.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON OCCURRENCE OF HEPATIC AND PANCREATIC DISORDERS IN DOGS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2017-12) HARSHITHA, C.R; Dr. M.L. SATYANARAYANA)
    The present investigation was undertaken to study the occurrence of various pathological conditions in the liver and pancreas of dogs that were presented to the Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary College, Bengaluru. Hepatic lesions were found to be highest in dogs of less than one year, of male sex and non-descript breeds. The lesions were histopathologically classified as vascular changes which include congestion (75.71%), haemorrhage (68.57%) and haematoma (1.42%). Degenerative and necrotic changes which included cell swelling (4.28%), hydropic degeneration (17.14%), fatty change (18.57%) and necrosis (20%). Inflammatory changes included hepatitis (17.14%) and cirrhosis (35.71%). Proliferative changes were hyperplasia of hepatocytes (12.85%) and biliary epithelium (27.14%) and neoplasia (2.85%). Miscellaneous conditions were hemosiderin (28.57%), calcium (2.85%) and bile pigment (20%) deposition. Pancreatic lesions were found to be highest among dogs of above 12 years (22.72%), of male sex (54.54%) and non-descript breeds (36.36%). Microscopically, exocrine pancreatic lesions were classified as vascular changes like congestion (56.81%), haemorrhage (25%) and oedema (4.54%). Degenerative and necrotic changes included degeneration of acinar cells (47.72%), parenchymal necrosis (45.45%), pancreatic fat necrosis (4.54%) and acinar calcification (6.81%). Inflammatory changes recorded were acute (6.81%) and chronic pancreatitis (31.81%). Proliferative changes included hyperplasia of acinar cells (6.81%) and neoplasia (15.90%). Endocrine pancreatic lesions were classified as congestion (11.36%), hypocellularity (18.18%), hypercellularity (11.36%), vacuolar degeneration (25%) and neoplasia (2.27%). Thus, this study concluded that large number of cases revealed abnormality upon microscopic than gross examination, suggesting the need for histopathological evaluation to arrive at accurate diagnosis.