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2010 - 201916
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Subject: Veterinary Microbiology × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 16
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PRASHANTH
    (KVAFSU,BIDAR, 2019) PRASHANTH
    A study on bacteriological investigation of canine pyoderma cases was conducted at the Veterinary College, Shivamogga. Exudate/pus/lesion swabs were collected from clinical cases of canine pyoderma (n=126) and subjected to isolation of bacteria, identification of staphylococcal isolates by molecular method and other bacterial isolates by phenotypic methods. The bacteriological processing of the samples resulted in the recovery of 95 staphylococcal isolates and 18 other bacterial isolates. On culture, staphylococci were the most predominantly (n=95, 75.39%) isolated organisms. Amongst staphylococci, S. pseudintermedius (n=82, 86.31%), coagulase positive staphylococci, was the most predominantly organism detected by species-specific nuc PCR. The S. pseudintermedius isolates were further subjected to detection of siet gene by PCR and 84.14% of the isolates were positive. The isolates obtained other than staphylococcal species were E. coli, Pseudomonas species, Klebsiella species, Proteus species. Subsequently in vitro antimicrobial sensitivity testing was carried out for all the isolates. S. pseudintermedius showed highest susceptibility to clindamycin and the highest resistance to enrofloxacin, and the other bacterial agents were found sensitive to co-trimoxazole and ceftriaxone and resistant to amoxicillin/sulbactam and enrofloxacin. Three of the four isolates which were phenotypically methicillin resistant were positive for mecA gene PCR. A study on the occurrence patterns of canine pyoderma revealed higher frequency of cases in male dogs, in the age group of 1-2 years and in Labrador breed. We report the S. pseudintermedius as the most predominant pathogen associated with the canine pyoderma in the study area. The emergence of methicillin resistance in S. pseudintermedius emphasises the need for devise of strategies for its control.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF ANTI RABIES VACCINAL EFFICACY IN FREE RANGING DOG POPULATION IN BENGALURU
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2018-07) EVALUATION OF ANTI RABIES VACCINAL EFFICACY IN FREE RANGING DOG POPULATION IN BENGALURU; Dr. SHRIKRISHNA ISLOOR; (SHRIKRISHNA ISLOOR)
    The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti rabies vaccinal efficacy in free ranging dog population in Bengaluru and comparison of an iELISA with RFFIT. Serum samples from 250 free ranging dogs were collected for the study and tested by RFFIT as well as iELISA. In all, 18 wards from the North and South zones of Bengaluru were covered during the sample collection with the help of three NGOs, who claimed that those animals were annually vaccinated. So, the post vaccinal efficacy was studied and it was found that,
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF ANTI RABIES VACCINAL EFFICACY IN FREE RANGING DOG POPULATION IN BENGALURU
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2018-07) LEKSHMI J. DAS; Dr. SHRIKRISHNA ISLOOR
    The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti rabies vaccinal efficacy in free ranging dog population in Bengaluru and comparison of an iELISA with RFFIT. Serum samples from 250 free ranging dogs were collected for the study and tested by RFFIT as well as iELISA. In all, 18 wards from the North and South zones of Bengaluru were covered during the sample collection with the help of three NGOs, who claimed that those animals were annually vaccinated. So, the post vaccinal efficacy was studied and it was found that, out of 250 dogs 125 were having a protective anti rabies antibody titre by RFFIT accounting for 50 per cent of seroconversion. Samples from North zone were having a better seroconversion level (65.97%) than south zone of Bengaluru. By iELISA, 126 dogs showed a per cent positivity (PP) more than 57.09 (cut off) accounting for 50.4 per cent of post vaccinal se
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF ANTI RABIES VACCINAL EFFICACY IN FREE RANGING DOG POPULATION IN BENGALURU
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2018-07) LEKSHMI J. DAS; Dr. SHRIKRISHNA ISLOOR
    The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti rabies vaccinal efficacy in free ranging dog population in Bengaluru and comparison of an iELISA with RFFIT. Serum samples from 250 free ranging dogs were collected for the study and tested by RFFIT as well as iELISA. In all, 18 wards from the North and South zones of Bengaluru were covered during the sample collection with the help of three NGOs, who claimed that those animals were annually vaccinated. So, the post vaccinal efficacy was studied and it was found that, out
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DETECTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN Staphylococcus aureus ASSOCIATED WITH BOVINE MASTITIS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2019-10) BHARGAVA TEJA, S; BHARGAVA TEJA, S; Dr. RATHNAMMA, D.; Dr. RATHNAMMA, D.; SHRIKRISHNA ISLOOR); SHRIKRISHNA ISLOOR)
    Milk samples from 1504 households from 20 villages were screened for SCM by CMT. Out of which 150 samples (30.75%) of 114 households with 488 animals were positive for SCM. Of 150 milk samples 22.66 %, 46 %, and 31.33% had 10 - 20, 20–40 and above 40 lakh SCC/ ml respectively. Eighty-three bacterial isolates with 36 S. aureus, 41 NAS and six Enterococcus spp were isolated. Five of the S. aureus and four of NAS isolates were CoNS. Antibiogram of S. aureus isolates revealed 100 % resistance to Penicillin, Cefoxitin, Oxacillin, Enrofloxacin, Kanamycin and Rifampicin, followed by 61- 97 % resistance to other antimi
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    APPLICATION OF POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR DIAGNOSIS AND MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ANTHRAX IN LIVESTOCK IN KARNATAKA SHASHIKALA, N.
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR – 585 401, 2018-01) SHASHIKALA, N.; Dr. SHRIKRISHNA ISLOOR
    The present study employed the microscopy and the PCR for the detection of B .anthracis by targeting virulence genes for protective antigen (PA) and capsule (CAP) located on two plasmids, pXO1 and pXO2 respectively. Further, Ba813 gene of B. anthracis and nhe gene of B. cereus were targeted for species specific identification. In all, 14 blood smears from 5 different locations (Bellary, Koppal, Davangere, Doddaballapura and Chamarajnagar) were subjected to Gram’s and Polychrome methylene blue (PMB) staining. Of these, 2 smears from Doddaballapura were negative for anthrax bacilli by both the staining techniques. These blood smears and the blood samples were also found negative by PCR. Further, out of 10 blood samples from Bellary, Koppal, Doddaballapura and Chamrajnagar, 5 were PCR positive. Out of 14 blood smears from Davanagere, Doddaballapura and Chamarajanagar, only 4 smears revealed PCR positivity. All the 5 ear peice samples collected from Bellary, Koppal and Tumkur were found negative by PCR. None of the 5 soil samples from Bellary, Koppal and Chamarajnagara were PCR positive. The B. cereus isolate showed amplification for both PA as well as nhe genes. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the PA gene revealed that the PA gene sequences of the B. cereus were homologous to that of B. anthracis. This indicated close genetic relatedness between B. anthracis and B. cereus. The high genetic homology (98%) among B. anthracis isolates was revealed. The Ba813 and CAP gene based phylogenetic analysis indicated probable prevalence of two strains of B. anthracis in the outbreak of anthrax in Bellary
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    APPLICATION OF POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR DIAGNOSIS AND MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ANTHRAX IN LIVESTOCK IN KARNATAKA SHASHIKALA, N.
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR – 585 401, 2018-01) SHASHIKALA, N.; Dr. SHRIKRISHNA ISLOOR
    The present study employed the microscopy and the PCR for the detection of B .anthracis by targeting virulence genes for protective antigen (PA) and capsule (CAP) located on two plasmids, pXO1 and pXO2 respectively. Further, Ba813 gene of B. anthracis and nhe gene of B. cereus were targeted for species specific identification. In all, 14 blood smears from 5 different locations (Bellary, Koppal, Davangere, Doddaballapura and Chamarajnagar) were subjected to Gram’s and Polychrome methylene blue (PMB) staining. Of these, 2 smears from Doddaballapura were negative for anthrax bacilli by both the staining techniques. These blood smears and the blood samples were also found negative by PCR. Further, out of 10 blood samples from Bellary, Koppal, Doddaballapura and Chamrajnagar, 5 were PCR positive. Out of 14 blood smears from Davanagere, Doddaballapura and Chamarajanagar, only 4 smears revealed PCR positivity. All the 5 ear peice samples collected from Bellary, Koppal and Tumkur were found negative by PCR. None of the 5 soil samples from Bellary, Koppal and Chamarajnagara were PCR positive. The B. cereus isolate showed amplification for both PA as well as nhe genes. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the PA gene revealed that the PA gene sequences of the B. cereus were homologous to that of B. anthracis. This indicated close genetic relatedness between B. anthracis and B. cereus. The high genetic homology (98%) among B. anthracis isolates was revealed. The Ba813 and CAP gene based phylogenetic analysis indicated probable prevalence of two strains of B. anthracis in the outbreak of anthrax in Bellary.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EVALUATION OF ANTI RABIES VACCINAL EFFICACY IN FREE RANGING DOG POPULATION IN BENGALURU
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISCHERIES SCIENCE UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2018-07) LEKSHMI J. DAS; Dr. SHRIKRISHNA ISLOOR
    The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anti rabies vaccinal efficacy in free ranging dog population in Bengaluru and comparison of an iELISA with RFFIT. Serum samples from 250 free ranging dogs were collected for the study and tested by RFFIT as well as iELISA. In all, 18 wards from the North and South zones of Bengaluru were covered during the sample collection with the help of three NGOs, who claimed that those animals were annually vaccinated. So, the post vaccinal efficacy was studied and it was found that, out of 250 dogs 125 were having a protective anti rabies antibody titre by RFFIT accounting for 50 per cent of seroconversion. Samples from North zone were having a better seroconversion level (65.97%) than south zone of Bengaluru. By iELISA, 126 dogs showed a per cent positivity (PP) more than 57.09 (cut off) accounting for 50.4 per cent of post vaccinal seroconversion. A kappa value of >0.80 suggested a perfect agreement between the results of RFFIT and iELISA. The sensitivity and specificity of iELISA was found to be 94.4 per cent and 95.2 per cent respectively. This ELISA can be used in large population surveys instead of RFFIT to overcome the disadvantages associated with it. The present study emphases regular rabies vaccination followed by seromonitoring of free ranging dogs in Bengaluru.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF IN-HOUSE ELISA FOR THE DETECTION OF Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis INFECTION IN ANIMALS
    (KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCIES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2017-10) PANNAGA, P; Dr. D. RATHNAMMA)
    The present study was under taken to develop an in-house ELISA using a local Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) isolate and to investigate the seroprevalance of Paratuberculosis in animals. The MAP protoplasmic antigen was extracted by sonication and quantified by ‘Nanodrop’ spectrophotometer and 4.193 mg/ml antigen was obtained. Extracted MAP antigen was characterized by SDS - PAGE and immune-blot analysis. The SDS-PAGE profile of MAP revealed 25, 35, 57, 72, 100 and 193 kDa proteins and immunoblotting revealed that 20, 29, 35, 45, 70 and 193 kDa as immunogenic proteins. ELISA was standardized with MAP antigen of 0.125 μg / well, serum dilution of 1:50 and Protein A-HRP conjugate dilution of 1:2500. 1032 serum samples from sheep, goat and cattle were screened for MAP infection with in-house ELISA and IDEXX ELISA kit. 113 (10.94 %) serum samples were positive by in-house ELISA and 111 (10.75 %) serum samples were positive by IDEXX ELISA kit. Cut off values were determined as SP ratio ≥ 80 per cent as Positive, ≤ 60 per cent as Negative and 60 - 80 per cent as suspected. Seroprevalence of MAP in sheep, goat and cattle was 8.52, 5.95 and 6.6 per cent respectively. The relative sensitivity and specificity of in house ELISA was 76.58 per cent and 96.96 per cent respectively with Kappa value of 0.7296 showing good agreement. Comparative evaluation of in-house ELISA with IDEXX ELISA kit was statistically analysed by Pearson’s correlation with significant correlation of 0.7725 (P=0.0001) between in-house ELISA and IDEXX ELISA kit. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was drawn with excellent area under curve of 0.992 was obtained. The study indicated the superiority of in-house indirect ELISA using native MAP antigen as against purified protoplasmic MAP antigens used in commercial ELISA kit in terms of cost effectiveness.