Loading...
Theses (PG)
Browse
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access SEROEPIDEMEOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF INFECTIOUS BOVINE RHINOTRACHEITIS IN BUFFALOES OF NORTH-EASTERN REGION OF KARNATAKA(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2015-06-01) SHARANAGOUDA.B.M; N.A. PATILTotally 370 serum samples from the four districts of North-Eastern region of Karnataka were screened for IBR seroprevalence viz., Vijaypura, Bidar, Kalaburgi and Yadgir districts using ELISA kit .Overall prevalence of IBR in this region irrespective of farming system was found to be 36.49%.In buffaloes less than five years of age overall prevalence was found to be 8.92% and it was 27.57% in buffaloes more than five years age. Among the buffaloes having the history of abortion overall prevalence was found to be 9.19%. District-wise seroprevalence was highest in Bidar district (51.09%) followed by Kalaburgi (43.48%),Vijaypura (35.87%) and lowest in Yadgir district (15.96%). Among the different farming sector higher prevalence was found in organized farming sector. Between the districts the prevalence of IBR was highest in Bidar district organized sector compared to other districts. Among the unorganized sector highest seroprevalence was in Kalaburgi district. No significant difference of seroprevalence of IBR was seen among less than five years age buffaloes in different districts but lowest seroprevalence was in Yadgir district. Seroprevalence of IBR in more than five years age was more compared to less than five years age group. Highest prevalence of IBR in more than five years age group was seen in Bidar district. Prevalence of IBR in buffaloes with history of abortion was highest in Bidar district and no significant difference was seen in seroprevalence of IBR between districts. The higher prevalence of IBR in organized farming sector may be attributed to poor managemental practices observed in this region during the study.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF CONVENTIONAL THERAPY WITH LASER THERAPY FOR ACRAL LICK DERMATITIS AND INTERDIGITAL PYODERMA IN DOGS(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2021-03) DHAVALASHREE M.; M. Narayana BhatThe present study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of laser therapy with conventional therapy for the treatment of acral lick dermatitis and interdigital pyoderma in dogs and also to study the effect of laser therapy on haematological and biochemical parameters in acral lick dermatitis and interdigital pyoderma. The study revealed that the combination of laser and conventional therapy is more effective in treating acral lick dermatitis while laser therapy alone proved to be slightly less efficacious in treating acral lick dermatitis when compared to conventional therapy. Noticeable hair regrowth and reduction in the surface area was observed in all the groups. No local or systemic side effects were seen during or after LLLT. There was a significant difference in TLC, neutrophil counts, Total protein and cortisol in acral lick dermatitis post laser therapy by day 15. Cytological examination of all the groups in acral lick dermatitis revealed that the number of neutrophils and bacteria were greatly reduced in combination group when compared to group treated with conventional therapy and group treated with laser therapy alone. Present study revealed that conventional therapy has a moderate effect in the treatment of pododermatitis by day 15 while laser therapy has no beneficial effect in treating pododermatitis by day 15. With the results of the present study regarding pododermatitis, it is not possible to recommend laser therapy for interdigital pyoderma/pododermatitis with the dosage used in the study. There was no significant differences with respect to haematological and biochemical parameters in all the groups by day 15 in pododermatitis. No adverse effects or local or systemic side effects were seen during or after LLLT in pododermatitis.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON SUBCLINICAL KETOSIS IN SHEEP(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2021-03) BASAVANAGOUDA, H. G.; Santosh P. SarangamathThe purpose of this study was to ascertain certain haematological and biochemical changes in subclinical ketotic ewes, and to study the comparative efficacy of different therapeutic agents in the treatment of subclinical ketosis in sheep. A total of 40 pregnant ewes between 4-6 weeks’ of gestation were included in the study and were divided into four groups, Group-I (Control) consisting of 10 sheep negative for SCK (BHBA < 0.8 mmol/L) and Group-II, III & IV (Positive) consisting of 10 sheep in each group positive for SCK (BHBA 0.8-1.6 mmol/L) and were subjected for different treatment regimens VIZ, Propylene glycol, KETOROAK® and Cracked corn respectively. Clinical examination (rectal temperature, heart rate, respiratory rates and rumen contractions) and β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) evaluation was performed on all sheep. Blood and serum samples were analysed for haematology and biochemical parameters. In the Present study except reduced rumen motility, all other clinical signs recorded were within the normal physiological range. Haematological analysis revealed mild erythrocytopenia and leucocytosis, however haemoglobin and thrombocyte count were within the normal range. Biochemical parameters like Serum Glucose, Calcium, Total Protein and Albumin were significantly lower, whereas Blood BHBA, AST and GGT activities were significantly higher in ewes with subclinical ketosis before treatment. After therapy altered haematological and biochemical parameters were found within the normal physiological range in all the treatment groups. Though all the three treatment regimes in the present study yielded significant improvement however, feeding of cracked corn with good quality hay resulted in comparatively better recovery in the affected pregnant ewes.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE EFFICACY OF LASER THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF BOVINE MASTITIS(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2021-03) BABITHA, G. R.; M. A. KSHAMA)The present study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of laser therapy and to compare its efficacy with conventional therapy in the treatment of bovine mastitis. Eighteen cows with clinical signs suggestive of mastitis were taken as subjects of study and divided into three different groups. Group I animals were treated with ceftizoxime parenterally and cefoperazone sodium intramammary, Group II animals were treated with ceftizoxime parenterally along with laser therapy and Group III animals were treated with ceftizoxime parenterally along with meloxicam. The animals were evaluated based on the resolution of clinical signs and reduction in per cent of SCC and EC values. The present study found that all the three therapeutic regimen followed had comparable efficacy in the treatment of bovine mastitis and study also revealed that the Group II animals exhibited marginally better recovery rate followed by Group I and Group III animals but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. The combination therapy of parenteral and intramammary antibiotic also showed good efficacy and had the added advantage of longer duration of action (96 hrs) with better owner compliance. However, taking into consideration the antibiotic resistance, the long withdrawal period and the adverse effects of antibiotics, laser therapy can be used as an adjunctive therapy along with reduced duration of antibiotic usage. More studies with larger sample size are warranted to arrive at a better therapeutic protocol with regard to duration of therapy and dosage for better efficacy.ThesisItem Open Access DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF BACTERIAL ENTERITIS IN CALVES(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY (KVAFSU), BIDAR, 2020-08) NEELESH; RAVINDRA, B. GDiarrhoea in the farm animals, especially in calves is one of the challenging clinical signs noticed in the dairy farm and is leading to economic loss to the dairy farmers. The future endeavour of successful dairy farming depends on the better management of calves. Therefore, the present study was envisaged to evaluate the prevalence, diagnosis and therapeutic management of bacterial enteritis in calves. A total of ten dairy farms in Bidar district were selected and visited to collect faecal samples and blood samples from diarrhoeic calves. To confirm, the faecal samples (N=100) were subjected to isolation and identification of underlying cause. The results showed that E. coli and Salmonella spp. as predominant bacteria in this area. In the prevalence study the early age group calves (0-1 month) were highly susceptible to both E. coli and Salmonella spp. and as age progresses the susceptibility reduces. Female calves were found to be more susceptible to the male counter parts. On haemato-biochemical examination there was significant difference (≥0.05%) in total leucocyte count, lymphocyte count, monocyte count and granulocyte count noticed when compared to healthy calves suggesting acute bacterial enteritis. Whereas, significant increase in erythrocyte count and packed cell volume may indicates moderate dehydration. Hypoglycaemia was observed in prevalence group when compared to healthy control group and were found to be within normal physiological limits. Therapeutic efficacy study against bacterial enteritis revealed that both the antibiotics (Group-I: Ceftiofur and Group-II: Sulphadiazine + trimethoprim) with common supportive therapy selected in the present study were found to be equally effective against bacterial enteritis exhibiting clinical recovery within 96 hrs of treatment in both the groupsThesisItem Open Access PREVALENCE AND CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF FOREIGN BODY SYNDROME IN BOVINES(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2021-03) SHILPA B. S.; VIVEK R. KASARALIKARStudy on prevalence of foreign body syndrome (FBS) in bovines was carried out based on clinical case records available at Veterinary Clinical Complex (VCC), Veterinary College, Bidar (VCB). Overall prevalence of FBS was 0.29 percent. Whereas, point prevalence recorded was 9.6 percent among forestomach affected bovines. The seven animals which were presented to VCC, VCB with signs suggestive of penetrating foreign body syndrome (PFBS) like anorexia, brisket edema, chording of jugular vein, tachycardia, tachypnoea and decreased ruminal contractions and twelve bovines with signs suggestive of nonpenetrating foreign body syndrome (NPFBS) like anorexia, tympany, impacted rumen and decreased ruminal contractions in 12 animals were utilised for study. Rumen liquor changes revealed alkaline pH, decreased protozoa density and motility, with increased SAT and MBRT values. Haematological changes revealed reduced haemoglobin concentration, PCV concentration, erythrocytopenia, leucocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia in both groups with increased band cell count in PFBS affected animals. The serum analysis revealed hypoproteinemia, hypocalcaemia, hypophosphatemia and significantly increased levels of AST, ALT and ALP in NPFBS affected animals and in PFBS affected animals hyperproteinemia, hypocalcaemia, hyperphosphatemia, significantly increased levels of AST, ALT and ALP were observed. Application of ultrasonography provided useful data about the presence of fibrinous deposits and fluid between the heart and reticulum which also helped in identifying exact location, size and extent of lesion. Application of radiography in the present study provided remarkable information regarding visualization of foreign bodies in the reticulum and thorax.ThesisItem Open Access DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF SUBCLINICAL KETOSIS IN BUFFALOES(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR-585226, 2021-02) NAGESH GURU; SANDEEP HALMANDGEKetosis is an important production disease and continues to cause significant economic losses to the farmers. Subclinical ketosis (SCK) causes greater losses than clinical ketosis because it occurs more frequently and often cannot be detected by farmers. In the present study a total of 108 early lactating buffaloes maintained in various organized and unorganized dairy farms in and around Bidar were screened to know the prevalence of subclinical ketosis. The findings of the present study revealed the overall prevalence of Subclinical ketosis in lactating buffaloes based on Keto-diastix® urine reagent strips and Precision xtra® blood BHBA meter was 12.03 and 14.81 per cent respectively. Sector wise highest prevalence of SCK in lactating buffaloes was observed in unorganized farm compared to organized farm. Highest prevalence of SCK was recorded in 3rd parity and least in 1st parity based on blood BHBA test. The urine reagent strips Keto-Diastix revealed sensitivity of 68.75 per cent, specificity of 97.82 per cent and accuracy of 93.51 per cent compared with Precision Xtra ketone meter for the diagnosis of SCK in lactating buffaloes. Results of biochemical study indicated statistically significant decrease in serum glucose, albumin, calcium and serum phosphorus, further statistically significant increase in AST in Subclinical ketosis affected buffaloes. Post treatment on 7th day, all the animals in both groups became negative for SCK after five days of treatment indicating 100 per cent therapeutic efficacy. Therapy with propylene glycol along with Inj. Synkomet® resulted in significant increase in milk yield compared to Anabolite® Mix treated group in subclinical ketosis affected buffaloes. Keywords: Subclinical ketosis, Buffaloes, Prevalence, Diagnosis, Treatment.ThesisItem Open Access RUMEN AND LIVER PROFILES IN POSTPARTURIENT DISORDERS OF CATTLE(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR-585401, 2021-03) MANJUNATHA GUNDAPPA METI; N. A. PATILThe present study was undertaken on 30 recently calved cows with different post parturient diseases comprising 6 healthy control and 24 disease animals, divided into four groups with six animals in each group viz., Group I (healthy control), group II (indigestion), group III (mastitis), group IV (metritis) and group V (hypogalactia) to evaluate rumen profile (colour, odour, pH, SAT and MBRT), haematological (TEC, Hb, PCV, TLC, lymphocyte and granulocyte), serum biochemical changes (AST, GGT, glucose, BUN, creatinine, albumin, total protein, cholesterol, triglycerides and total bilirubin) and ultrasonography of liver also studied in healthy control and study groups. Majority of the affected cattle had abnormal colour, odour, increased pH, reduced protozoal density, increased SAT and MBRT was indicative of rumen dysfunction. Leukocytosis was noticed in mastitis and metritis along with lymphopenia and granulocytosis when compared with healthy cattle suggesting of infection whereas heamogram in all the affected were within normal physiological limits. Significant increase in the AST, triglycerides, total bilirubin and hypocholesteraemia indicating moderate fatty infiltration, hypoglycaemia, hypoalbuminaemia and decreased BUN concentration were suggestive of hepatic dysfunction. In liver ultrasonography, hyperechogenic liver parenchyma and vascular blurring was observed in all affected groups were suggestive of moderate fatty infiltration. Hence ultrasonography may be recommended instead of invasive techniques for diagnosing liver abnormality.ThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES IN CARDIAC DISORDERS OF BOVINES(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR-585226, 2021-03) JAFARSAB; RAVINDRA, N. A. PATIL) B. G.)A total of 34 cattle were evaluated for cardiac disorders of which 12, 14 and 08 were affected with pericarditis, lumpy skin disease (LSD) and foot and mouth disease (FMD) respectively. On clinical examination, pericarditis, LSD and FMD can be differentiated and assessed for cardiac involvement. The age-wise and sex-wise prevalence revealed that adult and female cattle were more prone to cardiac disorders except in LSD where males are more prone. Haematologically erythrocytopenia and anaemia in all the affected cattle whereas, leucocytosis with neutrophilia and lymphopenia was seen in pericarditis and profound leucocytopenia was observed in LSD affected cattle. Biochemical alteration such as increased levels of ALT, AST, ALP (except in FMD) and hypalbuminaemia in the affected cattle might be due to impaired hepatic function along with muscular and cardiac damage. Electrocardiographic changes recorded in these cattle were showing Low amplitude QRS complexes, ST segment coving, ST segment elevation, supraventricular tachycardia, sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia, VPC’s and seconddegree AV block. Further the extent of cardiac damage was assessed by bovine cTn-I assay indicated by significant increase in cTnI value (except in FMD) when compared to healthy cattle. Radiography revealed foreign body passing beyond diaphragm in pericarditis affected cattle and could differentiate traumatic and non-traumatic type. Echocardiography and ultrasound guided pericardiocentesis suggested type of pericardial effusions (serous, blood mixed, suppurative and fibrinous) and fibrin deposition in the pericardium. Necropsy findings and histopathological study confirms the cardiac disorders and revealed infiltration of inflammatory cells, haemorrhages and degenerative changes in the myocardium affecting cardiac function in bovines.
