EVALUATION OF DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES IN CARDIAC DISORDERS OF BOVINES
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Date
2021-03
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KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR-585226
Abstract
A total of 34 cattle were evaluated for cardiac disorders of which 12, 14 and 08
were affected with pericarditis, lumpy skin disease (LSD) and foot and mouth disease
(FMD) respectively. On clinical examination, pericarditis, LSD and FMD can be
differentiated and assessed for cardiac involvement. The age-wise and sex-wise prevalence
revealed that adult and female cattle were more prone to cardiac disorders except in LSD
where males are more prone. Haematologically erythrocytopenia and anaemia in all the
affected cattle whereas, leucocytosis with neutrophilia and lymphopenia was seen in
pericarditis and profound leucocytopenia was observed in LSD affected cattle.
Biochemical alteration such as increased levels of ALT, AST, ALP (except in FMD) and
hypalbuminaemia in the affected cattle might be due to impaired hepatic function along
with muscular and cardiac damage. Electrocardiographic changes recorded in these cattle
were showing Low amplitude QRS complexes, ST segment coving, ST segment elevation,
supraventricular tachycardia, sinus tachycardia, sinus bradycardia, VPC’s and seconddegree
AV block. Further the extent of cardiac damage was assessed by bovine cTn-I assay
indicated by significant increase in cTnI value (except in FMD) when compared to healthy
cattle. Radiography revealed foreign body passing beyond diaphragm in pericarditis
affected cattle and could differentiate traumatic and non-traumatic type. Echocardiography
and ultrasound guided pericardiocentesis suggested type of pericardial effusions (serous,
blood mixed, suppurative and fibrinous) and fibrin deposition in the pericardium. Necropsy
findings and histopathological study confirms the cardiac disorders and revealed
infiltration of inflammatory cells, haemorrhages and degenerative changes in the
myocardium affecting cardiac function in bovines.