DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT OF BACTERIAL ENTERITIS IN CALVES
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Date
2020-08
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KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY (KVAFSU), BIDAR
Abstract
Diarrhoea in the farm animals, especially in calves is one of the challenging clinical
signs noticed in the dairy farm and is leading to economic loss to the dairy farmers. The
future endeavour of successful dairy farming depends on the better management of calves.
Therefore, the present study was envisaged to evaluate the prevalence, diagnosis and
therapeutic management of bacterial enteritis in calves. A total of ten dairy farms in Bidar
district were selected and visited to collect faecal samples and blood samples from
diarrhoeic calves. To confirm, the faecal samples (N=100) were subjected to isolation and
identification of underlying cause. The results showed that E. coli and Salmonella spp. as
predominant bacteria in this area. In the prevalence study the early age group calves (0-1
month) were highly susceptible to both E. coli and Salmonella spp. and as age progresses
the susceptibility reduces. Female calves were found to be more susceptible to the male
counter parts. On haemato-biochemical examination there was significant difference
(≥0.05%) in total leucocyte count, lymphocyte count, monocyte count and granulocyte
count noticed when compared to healthy calves suggesting acute bacterial enteritis.
Whereas, significant increase in erythrocyte count and packed cell volume may indicates
moderate dehydration. Hypoglycaemia was observed in prevalence group when compared
to healthy control group and were found to be within normal physiological limits.
Therapeutic efficacy study against bacterial enteritis revealed that both the antibiotics
(Group-I: Ceftiofur and Group-II: Sulphadiazine + trimethoprim) with common supportive
therapy selected in the present study were found to be equally effective against bacterial
enteritis exhibiting clinical recovery within 96 hrs of treatment in both the groups