Loading...
Theses (PG)
Browse
13 results
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF CERTAIN MINERALS AND VITAMINS ON THE SPERM MOTILITY AND MEMBRANE INTEGRITY IN DOGS(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2022) SURAJ KUMAR, A. C; RENUKARADHYA G. J)The present study was conducted on six clinically healthy male dogs presented to small animal clinics of the Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Veterinary College, Hebbal, Bengaluru, with a history of failure to impregnate even after mating with three or more female dogs. The study was designed to analyze the therapeutic efficacy of certain minerals (calcium, zinc and iron) and vitamins (vitamin-E and folic acid) in augmenting fertility and serum mineral and vitamin profile estimation in infertile male dogs. All the dogs were supplemented with tablets containing minerals and vitamins for 90 days. Semen evaluation was performed before and after supplementation on days 30, day 60 and day 90. Significant difference was not observed in mean semen volume and pH before and after supplementation. However, significant improvement was observed in the semen parameters viz. sperm concentration, motility parameters, percentage of live sperm, morphologically normal sperm, plasma membrane and acrosome membrane intact sperm from day 60 post supplementation which corresponds to the normal physiological length of total duration of spermatogenesis in dogs. Mineral and vitamin profile before supplementation was below the lower threshold range, which could be the reason for poor fertility status of the study dogs, after completing 90 days of supplementation period, serum mineral and vitamin profile was within the physiological range. Dietary supplementation of minerals and vitamins besides a balanced diet can be considered as cheap and safe alternative within an innovative multimodal approach to improve reproductive performances in healthy dogs. Keywords: Male dogs, impregnate, supplementation, reproductive performancesThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON HEMATOBIOCHEMICAL, ULTRASONOGRAPHIC AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH CANINE PYOMETRA(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR- 585 401, 2022) SHRAVYA B. L.; B. M. RAVINDRANATHThe study was conducted to ascertain the hemato-biochemical, ultrasonographic and histopathological changes associated with cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH)- pyometra in dogs and also to correlate uterine wall thickness with heamato-biochemical and histopathological changes. Dogs presented to clinic at the Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics were selected for the present study. Ten healthy diestrual dogs were considered as control animals (Group I) whereas, twenty CEH- pyometra affected dogs (Group II) selected for the study were further subdivided into Group II-A and Group II-B based on the mean uterine wall thickness. Blood samples were collected from all the animals before ovariohysterectomy and hemato-biochemical parameters were determined using semi auto analyser. Uterine tissue samples collected from all the animals after ovariohysterectomy were subjected for histopathological evaluation. In the present study, nulliparous animals with mean age of 7.18 ± 0.54 years were mostly affected. On transabdominal ultrasonography, an increase in the uterine wall thickness (4.28 ± 0.32 mm) and uterine horn diameter (32.85 ± 13.75 mm) was observed in CEHpyometra cases. Absolute leukocytosis with neutrophilia and lymphopenia were prominent hematological changes whereas, elevation in BUN, creatinine, ALT and total protein level along with hypoalbuminemia were significant findings in serum biochemical profile of dogs with CEH- pyometra complex. Considerable alterations were found in the histological architecture of uterine tissue in CEH- pyometra affected dogs compared to control dogs. However, there was no correlation between uterine wall thickness and hemato-biochemical profile and also histopathological changes in CEHpyometra affected dogs in the present study.ThesisItem Open Access STUDY ON SERUM OXIDATIVE STATUS AND HEMATOBIOCHEMICAL PROFILE IN DOGS AFFECTED WITH TRANSMISSIBLE VENEREAL TUMOR (TVT)(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR- 585 401, 2022) SHAISTA FIRDOSE; B. M. RAVINDRANATHThe present study was carried out to compare the hematobiochemical profile and serum antioxidant enzyme status of TVT affected and healthy dogs. Dogs presented to the clinic of Department of Veterinary Gynecology and Obstetrics were selected for the present study. Two groups of dogs were included in the study. Group I comprised of healthy dogs (n=12) and Group II (n=12) involved TVT affected dogs. Based on clinical signs, nature of lesions, impression smear cytology and histopathology, TVT was confirmed in 12 dogs. Blood samples were collected from both the group of dogs for hematobiochemical parameters and antioxidants evaluation. Quantification of the antioxidant enzyme activity was done using a microplate reader. In the present study, male dogs and dogs belonging to the age group of 2-4 years were the most affected. Among the various breeds of dogs, highest occurrence was found in Labradors. Clinical signs included hemorrhagic discharge from the external genitalia, licking of genitalia and foul odour. A significant leukocytosis with neutrophilia, significantly higher ALT, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and significantly lower catalase (CAT) activity were the prominent findings in haematobiochemical profile of dogs with TVT. Histopathology revealed tumor cells arranged in confluent sheets or rows within the stroma of thin fibrous connective tissue. Frequent mitotic structures were seen in the TVT cells along with infiltration of inflammatory cells in the connective tissue stroma. Further studies involving essentially large sample size may throw better light to draw more conclusive inferences by evaluating other oxidative stress markers and antioxidant parameters in dogs with TVT.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF INTRAVAGINAL STEROIDAL AND NON-STEROIDAL DRUGS IN ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION IN EWES(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2022) PUJARA SURAPPA; NARASIMHA MURTHYThe present study was conducted with the objective of comparing the efficacy of steroidal (Avikesil-S®) and non-steroidal (Letrozole) drugs combined with PGF2α in estrus synchronization in ewes maintained at department of LFC, VCH, Bengaluru. Twenty four apparently healthy non pregnant ewes were randomly alloted into two groups with 12 each. Group I and Group II was treated with intravaginal Letrozole sponges and Avikesil-S® sponges for seven days, respectively. All the ewes were injected (i.m) with 125 μg of PGF2ɑ at the time of sponge removal. Trans rectal ultrasound scanning was done on day 0, 3 and 7th day post sponge insertion. The number and size of follicles on ovaries did not differ between both the groups on day 0 and 3 but difference in number between Group I (2.83 ± 0.40) and Group II (1.83 ± 0.17) was recorded on day 7. The ewes were kept under observation until pregnancy diagnosis on day 30 post mating using Ultrasound. Cent per cent sponge retention was documented among the study groups with 83.33 per cent estrus response. The interval to estrus in Group I (89.4 ± 2.24 h) was significantly higher (p< 0.05) than in Group II (45.59 ± 1.57 h). However, the conception rate (70.00 % vs 50.00 %) and duration of estrus (34.85 ± 1.83 h vs 34.7 ± 1.31 h) did not differ statistically (P>0.05) between the group I and II, but the conception rate in Group I is higher when compared to Group II. Key words: Ewes, Estrus synchronization, Letrozole, Avikesil-S®, Reproductive parameters.ThesisItem Open Access DIAGNOSTIC METHODS FOR EVALUATION OF GONADECTOMY STATUS IN DOGS(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR- 585 226, 2022) KARTHIK, K.V.; A. SAHADEVThe study was carried out in 37 (21 male and 16 female) dogs with an objective to record relative efficacies of various methods to ascertain whether are sterilized or not. Based on different diagnostic methods viz., history and clinical signs, physical examination and ultrasonography, the dogs were categorized into four groups. Group I - gonadectomized dogs (n=10; Male 5 & Female 5), Group II - intact dogs before and after gonadectomy (n=16; Male 8 & Female 8), Group III - dogs with ovarian remnant syndrome (n=3) and Group IV - dogs with either unilateral/bilateral cryptorchidism (n=8). All the dogs were subjected to serum AMH estimation. The mean AMH level in intact male dogs, castrated and cryptorchid dogs was 16.20 ± 1.44, 0.57 ± 0.06 and 24.90 ± 0.79 ng/mL, respectively. The mean AMH value was 5.14 ± 0.54, 3.20 ± 1.54 and 0.26 ± 0.02 ng/mL in intact female, ORS and spayed dogs, respectively. Relative efficacy of other methods was compared to ascertain the gonadectomy status by considering AMH as the standard. The relative efficacy based on history and clinical signs was 85.71% (male) and 100% (female), on physical examination was 61.90% (male) and 43.75% (female), whereas with transabdominal ultrasonography 71.42% (male) and 18.75% (female) accuracy was recorded in this study. Thus, single measurement of serum AMH concentration was highly effective in distinguishing gonadectomized from intact adult dogs. In addition, this test also accurately identified several cases of ovarian remnant syndrome and cryptorchidism which were failed to identify using other methods. Key words: Dogs, gonadectomy status, AMH, cryptorchid, ORS, ultrasonographyThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON OCCURENCE AND DIAGNOSIS OF CANINE BRUCELLOSIS(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR- 585 226, 2022) BALANGOUDA MALLANAGOUDA PATIL; A. SAHADEVA study on occurrence and diagnosis of canine brucellosis was carried out on female dogs presented to the Department of Veterinary Gynaecology Obstetrics clinics, Veterinary College, Bengaluru. A total of 44 female dogs were screened with complaints of abortion (Group-I), history of abortion and mummification (Group-II) and premature birth, still birth and conception failure (Group-III) using ICA (Brucella canis specific) and PCR (genus and species specific). Twenty-six dogs were found positive on bcsp31 PCR (genus-specific) where 9 animals were positive in blood, 9 in tissue (vaginal discharge/washing/aborted tissue) and 8 dogs were found positive on both blood and tissue samples. Out of these, 18 animals belonged to Group-I, 3 to Group-II and 5 to Group-III. Further, the samples were subjected to AMOS and B. canis specific PCR and 16 dogs were found positive for Brucella abortus, 5 animals for B. canis and 5 dogs for both the organisms. In Group-I, 9 dogs were positive for B. abortus, 5 for B. canis and 4 animals for both the species. Group-II had 2 B. abortus positive dogs and 1 dog positive for both the species. Group-III revealed 5 brucella abortus positive dogs. None of the dogs were positive for Brucella ovis and Brucella suis. ICA didn’t show any positive results. Haemetobiochemical studies revealed no significant variation within or between the groups except for mean TLC values between total brucella positive which was significantly higher compared to negative dogs with clinical signs. Current study revealed PCR is highly sensitive for diagnosis of canine brucellosis. Key words: Immunochromatographic assay (ICA), Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), bcsp 31, AMOS, Canine brucellosis.ThesisItem Open Access EFFICACY OF MAIZE AND SAFFLOWER OIL SUPPLEMENTATION ON ESTRUS INDUCTION IN POSTPARTUM SHEEP(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR - 585 401, 2022) MESHRAM VIRAJ SUDHAKAR; R. G. BIJURKAR)The study was conducted to find out the effect of maize and safflower oil supplementation combined with hormonal estrus synchronization protocol and oxytocin in postpartum ewes. Thirty-six parturiated ewes were selected and divided into 6 groups (n=6). In all groups additional supplementation were given for 30 days from the day of lambing. Group 1 (T0) was kept control and maintained on maize (250 gm/day/ewe) and Group 2 (T1) was additionally supplemented safflower oil (50 gm/day/ewe). Group 3 (T2) was kept on maize (250 gm/day/ewe) and Group 4 (T3) was additionally supplemented with safflower oil (50 gm/day/ewe) and on 16th day GnRH (4 mcg) was injected I/M, on 23rd day PGF2α (125 mcg) was injected I/M, then all the ewes were observed for any estrus sign, upon detection of estrus, ram was allowed to mate naturally and hCG (500 IU) was injected I/M at the time of estrus in both groups. Group 5 (T4) was kept on maize (250 gm/day/ewe) and Group 6 (T5) was additionally supplemented with safflower oil (50 gm/day/ewe) and in both the groups oxytocin (20 IU) was injected first three days after parturition I/M. Estrus induction rate (%) for T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 were 33.33, 50, 66.66, 100, 50, 83.33 respectively. Pregnancy rate (%) at induced estrus for group T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 were 50, 66.66, 75, 83.33, 66.66 and 80 respectively. In conclusion, supplementation of maize with safflower oil improved the reproductive performance of sheep with hormonal protocol (GnRH + PGF2α + hCG), oxytocin given on first three days after parturition has enhanced the fertilityThesisItem Open Access PREVALENCE AND ZOONOTIC IMPORTANCE OF BRUCELLOSIS IN GOATS IN AND AROUND BIDAR(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR, 2022) BHEEMREDDY; M. K. TANDLEBrucellosis is an alarming neglected zoonotic disease prevalent in most of the developing countries characterised by abortion, weak neonate, retention of foetal membrane, infertility, intra uterine infection both in animals and humans. The present study was carried out to know the prevalence and occupational risk of brucellosis in goats and persons engaged in goat farming and also compare the tests in terms of sensitivity and specificity. A total of 100 goat serum samples were screened by RBPT, STAT and I-ELISA to detect anti Brucella antibodies and overall prevalence recorded 4, 6 and 9 per cent by respective tests. Prevalence was higher in above 4 years (25%) age group followed by 2-4 years (10.5%) and lowest in 1-2 years (2.9%) in goats. Does were most vulnerable shown (10.3%) than bucks by I-ELISA. Goats had history of abortion found more positive (p<0.001) than no abortion history. The sensitivity and specificity of RBPT and STAT calculated as 44.4, 55.6 per cent and 100, 98.9 per cent, respectively considering I-ELISA gold standard. About 21 blood samples were collected from animal attendants, subjected to RBPT, STAT, 2-ME and IgG ELISA. In humans the overall prevalence was found to be 14.3, 4.8, 9.5 and 9.5 per cent respectively. However, none of the human samples shown positive by IgM ELISA. To conclude, above results indicates that I-ELISA is highly sensitive and better diagnostic tool compared to other tests in diagnosis of caprine brucellosis. Lack of awareness and unhygienic practices by animal health workers increase the risk of acquiring the disease.ThesisItem Open Access PREVALENCE AND ZOONOTIC IMPORTANCE OF BRUCELLOSIS IN CATTLE IN AND AROUND BIDAR(KARNATAKA VETERINARY, ANIMAL AND FISHERIES SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, BIDAR-585226, 2022) SHANTVEER GOPA; M.K. TANDLE)Brucellosis is one of the major notifiable contagious bacterial disease of zoonotic importance in worldwide including India causing heavy economic loss. A limited work carried out to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in cattle and human in the districts of Bidar, Karnataka. So, the present study was undertaken to determine the seroprevalence of brucellosis in cattle and animal handlers (human). A total of 100 serum and 100 milk samples were collected farm-wise and subjected to RBPT, MRT and I-ELISA for confirmation of brucellosis in cattle. Animal handlers 25 sera were subjected to RBPT, STAT, 2-MET and I-ELISA. The overall prevalence of brucellosis was found to be 6 per cent, 5.00 per cent and 8 per cent by RBPT, MRT and I-ELISA respectively. Higher prevalence of brucellosis was recorded by I-ELISA followed by RBPT and MRT. I-ELISA revealed that prevalence of brucellosis was observed in humans 12 per cent and in case of cattle 8 per cent. It was also observed that higher prevalence of brucellosis found in cattle with the previous history of abortion (27.70%). On age-wise study, the higher prevalence was noticed in the above > 6 years (9.30%) age groups followed by 2-4 years (8.57%) and least in 1-2 years age group (4.54%). Among the tests performed for the diagnosis of brucellosis, sensitivity and specificity of RBPT was found to be high when compared to MRT, taking I-ELISA as standard test. Thus, Rose bengal plate test is a better screening test in detection of brucellosis in field level when compared to MRT.
