Loading...
Thesis
Browse
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access Investigation on the use of Nano Based Nutrients on Physiological Performance of Sunflower(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-08) Betageri, Shivaputrappa; Janagoudar, B.S.ThesisItem Open Access Rust Resistance in Soybean: A Physiological Probe(University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2017-06) Akshatha S.S.; Koti, R.V.ThesisItem Open Access Phenotyping of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) for Fe Uptake Mechanism in Calcareous Soil(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-09) Manasa, Gaddam; Patil, H.Y.ThesisItem Open Access Screening of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Genotypes for Physiological Traits and Yield Productivity(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-08) Jyoti M.H.; Nawalagatti, C.M.The present investigation was carried out at Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad during rabi, 2016 to screen the safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes for physiological traits and yield productivity. The experiment consisted of 20 genotypes viz., GMU-2453, GMU-2968, GMU-3758, GMU-7422, GMU-7427, GMU-2039, GMU-1303, GMU-184, GMU-753, GMU-2444, GMU-3101, GMU-3530, GMU-1437, GMU-1464, GMU-3624, GMU1798, A-1, PBNS-12, HUS-305 and NARI-57. The results of the investigation revealed that the genotypes differed significantly with respect to the various morphological, biophysical, biochemical and yield characters. Among the genotypes, GMU-1303, GMU-3624, GMU-3101 and GMU-2444 recorded maximum plant height, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches and total dry weight. Genotypes GMU-753 and GMU-7422 recorded minimum number of days to flower and physiological maturity as compared. While, GMU-1464 recorded more number of days to flower and maximum number of days to physiological maturity. The values in growth parameters such as LAI, LAD, SLW, RGR, CGR and NAR were more in the genotypes GMU-2444, GMU-2453, GMU-1798 and A-1 as compared to other genotypes. The genotypes GMU-2444, GMU-2453 and GMU-1798 recorded higher photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate. It was observed that, among the genotypes GMU-2453, recorded maximum chlorophyll content, relative water content, proline content, wax content and membrane stability index followed by GMU-1798. Whereas GMU-753 and HUS-305 showed least values in these parameters. The genotype NARI-57 has recorded maximum oil content (38.00 %) and lowest was in GMU-1303 (28.42%). Significantly maximum seed yield was recorded in GMU-2444 (4330.43 kg ha-1) followed by GMU-1798 (3504.34 kg ha-1) and minimum was in GMU-753 (539.13 kg ha-1). The increase in the yield was due to increase in number of capsules, number of seeds per capsule, average capsule weight, hundred seed weight and harvest index.ThesisItem Open Access Physiological Studies on Heat Stress Tolerance in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-06) Deepali Dash; Chimmad, V.P.A field experiment was conducted at MARS, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during kharif, 2016-17. The experiment consisted of three temperature regimes (dates of sowing D1, D2 and D3) and five groundnut genotypes (Dh-86, G-2-52, Kadiri-9, TMV-2 and R-2001-2) laid out with factorial RBD design. The experimental result reveals that D1 temperature regime recorded significantly higher plant height (41.01 cm), number of primary branches (7.14), days to 50% flowering (35.73), days to peg initiation (40.20) and days to physiological maturity (109.73) with more heat unit accumulation, pheno thermal index and heat use efficiency. Highest pollen sterility (12.73 %) and reduced total flower production (59.11) was noticed under D3 temperature regime. The genotypes, G-2-52 and R-2001-2 were recorded significantly less pollen sterility (8.442 %) and more number of flower productions (100.74), respectively. However, significantly higher number of pods (17.69) and lower flower to pod ratio (3.989) was observed under D1 temperature regime. Among the genotypes, G-2-52 recorded significantly higher number of pods (16.67) and lower flower to pod ratio (4.706), respectively. Yield and yield components viz., number of pods plant-1 (17.69), test weight (35.78 g), harvest index (31.78 %), oil content (44.26 %) and yield (4952 kg ha-1) were remarkably higher under D1 temperature regime. Among the genotypes, G2-52 performed better irrespective of all temperature regimes with optimum yield (3,074 kg ha-1) compared to other genotypes indicating its relative tolerance to heat stress.ThesisItem Open Access Calibration and Validation of Infocrop Simulation Model for Bt Cotton Hybrids(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-08) Siddaling; Patil, B.C.Crop simulation models are used as tool for agricultural risk analysis and allow researchers to explore potential cropping location and appropriate farm management strategies. These models, when properly calibrated and validated against experimental data have the potential for tactical and strategic decision making in agriculture. In the present investigation, INFOCROP v2, a generic model that integrates genotype, soil, environmental and management practices was used to simulate the phenology, growth and yield of Bt cotton crop sown on different dates. The genetic coefficients were generated for three popular Bt cotton hybrids viz., ATM, Chiranjeevi and Firstclass. By conducting a field experiment during kharif season of 2016 at Main Agricultural Research station, UAS, Dharwad, Karnataka. Three dates of sowing were assigned as main plot treatments viz., 25th June, 10th July and 25th July with three Bt hybrids as sub plot treatments. The results of simulation studies in respect of the effect of different dates of sowing on phenology, crop growth parameters and seed cotton yield were compared with the observed values from the field experiment. Performance of INFOCROP v2 was evaluated in terms of per cent deviation from the observed. Under normal date of sowing (First and second) it was over estimated the yield by 18.3 per cent. This over estimation further increased at third date of sowing. Over estimation for the growth parameters were 5.3 per cent for days to anthesis, 2.2 per cent for days to maturity, 28.2 per cent for leaf area index, 15.5 per cent for boll number, 7.3 per cent for boll weight, 15.6 per cent for total dry matter and 23.2 per cent for seed cotton yield. Thus it was observed that INFOCROP v2 estimated about 87 per cent accuracy across the different dates of sowing and genotypes by considering all the parameters under study.ThesisItem Open Access Physiological Response of Groundnut Genotypes to Soil Moisture Regimes(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-07) Uppar, Basavaraj; Janagoudar, B.S.A field experiment was conducted during summer 2016-17 with four groundnut genotypes (Dh-256, Dh-257, TMV-2 and Dh-86) and five irrigation levels (M1 - Pre-flowering stress, M2 - Post-flowering stress, M3 - Peg-development stress, M4 - Split stress (M1 + M3) and M5 - Control) at the Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad to study the performance of groundnut genotypes under varied soil moisture regimes. The number of days to flower initiation and fifty per cent flowering were significantly early in pre-flowering stress (36.05 and 41.30 days, respectively) compared to control (38.30 and 43.20 days, respectively). Physiological maturity was advanced by one week under severe moisture stress which reduced the pod yield significantly. The genotypes Dh-257 being relatively tolerant to stress had significantly higher plant height (32.90 cm) whereas, the other stress tolerant genotype Dh-256 showed higher number of branches (7.91) compared to susceptible genotype TMV-2 (32.38 cm and 5.40, respectively). Similarly these two genotypes recorded significantly higher dry matter accumulation and pod yield. At 90 DAS, twenty per cent reduction in relative water content was noticed under post flowering stress condition and thirty two per cent reduction in chlorophyll content in split stress compared to control. The pod yield was significantly decreased by forty one per cent (1,774 kg ha-1) and fifty one per cent (1,394 kg ha-1) in split stress and post flowering stress respectively compared to normal irrigation (3,040 kg ha-1). The genotypes, Dh-256 recorded significantly higher pod yield (2,899 kg ha-1) followed by Dh-257 (2,834 kg ha-1). Under severe moisture stress (M4), Dh-256 and Dh-257 were found to be moisture stress tolerant.ThesisItem Open Access Use of Micronutrients for Enhancing the Productivity in Bt Cotton(University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2016-06) Gudimani, Umesh; Pawar, K.N.A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2013 to study the use of micronutrients for enhancing the productivity in Bt Cotton at the Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, The experiment consisted of nine treatments viz., FeSO4, ZnSO4, MgSO4, MnSO4, Boron and combination of MnSO4 + ZnSO4, MgSO4 + ZnSO4¬¬ and FeSO4 + ZnSO4 ¬-foliar spray of all these at 70 and 90 DAS. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Among all the treatments, foliar spray with MgSO4 1 % + ZnSO4 0.5 % recorded highest number of leaves per plant (163.22), total dry matter (224.50 g plant-1), leaf area index (2.75 dm2 plant-1), absolute growth rate (4.37 g day-1), crop growth rate (8.09 g dm2 day-1), relative growth rate (0.0127 g g-1 day-1), net assimilation rate (0.0244 g dm2 day-1), relative water content (69.86 %), photosynthetic rate (30.01 µ mol CO2 m-2 s-1), stomatal conductance (0.677 mol CO2 m-2 s-1), transpiration rate (7.41 mol H2O m-2 s-1), proline (102.60 µg g-1 fresh weight) and total chlorophyll (2.47 mg g-1 fresh weight) as compared to control and other treatments. Similar trend were also observed on higher yield components like seed cotton yield, (2,393 kg ha-1), boll weight (6.35 g boll-1) and number of bolls per plant (46.0) followed by the treatment foliar spray by FeSO4 0.5 % + ZnSO4 0.5 % and MgSO4 1 % and the minimum yield and yield components were recorded under control. It is concluded that, application of foliar spray with MgSO4 1 % + ZnSO4 0.5 % more effective in increasing the yield in Bt-cotton.ThesisItem Open Access Soybean (Glycine max (l.) Merrill) Seed Coat Pigments and their Antioxidant Properties(University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2016-06) Karthika V.; Koti, R.V.Field and laboratory experiments were carried out at University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during 2015-16 to evaluate the soybean genotypes for phenol and anthocyanin content and antioxidant activity in the seeds and seed coat of ten soybean genotypes. The experiment was laid out in RBD with three vegetable (AGS-447, AGS-459 and AGS-460) and six grain soybean genotypes (Kalitur, DSb-21, DSM, KHSb-2, DB-Local, DSb-15 and JS-335). The field data revealed a wide genotypic variation with respect to various morphological, phenological, physiological, yield and quality parameters. The vegetative phases (V1-V3) were significantly longer by 4-5 days in vegetable type than in grain type. In contrast the reproductive phases of vegetable types were early by 5-6 days. Overall yield was higher in grain type than in vegetable type. Among the grain type, JS-335 (yellow) and Kalitur (black) reordered significantly higher yield with moderate to high plant height, number of branches and photosynthetic rate. Yield attributes like number of pods, number of seeds with longer duration of seed filling also contributed for higher yield in grain soybean. The data on the quality parameters viz., seed protein, seed oil, seed and seed coat phenol and anthocyanin contents were found higher in black seeded genotypes. A positive correlation between antioxidant activity, contents of total phenols and anthocyanins were existed. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the extracts of black varieties (DB-Local and DSM) with higher total phenols and anthocyanin contents. Black soybean genotypes also exhibited a higher antifungal activity when compared to the yellow soybean. Hence, soybean is not only a good source of protein and oil but also good source of phenol and anthocyanin which have biological activity. It is inferred from the study that black soybean could be promoted as multipurpose soybean with industrial and nutritional value.
