Screening of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Genotypes for Physiological Traits and Yield Productivity
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Date
2017-08
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University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out at Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad during rabi, 2016 to screen the safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes for physiological traits and yield productivity. The experiment consisted of 20 genotypes viz., GMU-2453, GMU-2968, GMU-3758, GMU-7422, GMU-7427, GMU-2039, GMU-1303, GMU-184, GMU-753, GMU-2444, GMU-3101, GMU-3530, GMU-1437, GMU-1464, GMU-3624, GMU1798, A-1, PBNS-12, HUS-305 and NARI-57.
The results of the investigation revealed that the genotypes differed significantly with respect to the various morphological, biophysical, biochemical and yield characters. Among the genotypes, GMU-1303, GMU-3624, GMU-3101 and GMU-2444 recorded maximum plant height, number of primary branches, number of secondary branches and total dry weight. Genotypes GMU-753 and GMU-7422 recorded minimum number of days to flower and physiological maturity as compared. While, GMU-1464 recorded more number of days to flower and maximum number of days to physiological maturity. The values in growth parameters such as LAI, LAD, SLW, RGR, CGR and NAR were more in the genotypes GMU-2444, GMU-2453, GMU-1798 and A-1 as compared to other genotypes.
The genotypes GMU-2444, GMU-2453 and GMU-1798 recorded higher photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate. It was observed that, among the genotypes GMU-2453, recorded maximum chlorophyll content, relative water content, proline content, wax content and membrane stability index followed by GMU-1798. Whereas GMU-753 and HUS-305 showed least values in these parameters. The genotype NARI-57 has recorded maximum oil content (38.00 %) and lowest was in GMU-1303 (28.42%). Significantly maximum seed yield was recorded in GMU-2444 (4330.43 kg ha-1) followed by GMU-1798 (3504.34 kg ha-1) and minimum was in GMU-753 (539.13 kg ha-1). The increase in the yield was due to increase in number of capsules, number of seeds per capsule, average capsule weight, hundred seed weight and harvest index.