Physiological Response of Groundnut Genotypes to Soil Moisture Regimes
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Date
2017-07
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University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during summer 2016-17 with four groundnut genotypes (Dh-256, Dh-257, TMV-2 and Dh-86) and five irrigation levels (M1 - Pre-flowering stress, M2 - Post-flowering stress, M3 - Peg-development stress, M4 - Split stress (M1 + M3) and M5 - Control) at the Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad to study the performance of groundnut genotypes under varied soil moisture regimes.
The number of days to flower initiation and fifty per cent flowering were significantly early in pre-flowering stress (36.05 and 41.30 days, respectively) compared to control (38.30 and 43.20 days, respectively). Physiological maturity was advanced by one week under severe moisture stress which reduced the pod yield significantly. The genotypes Dh-257 being relatively tolerant to stress had significantly higher plant height (32.90 cm) whereas, the other stress tolerant genotype Dh-256 showed higher number of branches (7.91) compared to susceptible genotype TMV-2 (32.38 cm and 5.40, respectively). Similarly these two genotypes recorded significantly higher dry matter accumulation and pod yield.
At 90 DAS, twenty per cent reduction in relative water content was noticed under post flowering stress condition and thirty two per cent reduction in chlorophyll content in split stress compared to control. The pod yield was significantly decreased by forty one per cent (1,774 kg ha-1) and fifty one per cent (1,394 kg ha-1) in split stress and post flowering stress respectively compared to normal irrigation (3,040 kg ha-1). The genotypes, Dh-256 recorded significantly higher pod yield (2,899 kg ha-1) followed by Dh-257 (2,834 kg ha-1). Under severe moisture stress (M4), Dh-256 and Dh-257 were found to be moisture stress tolerant.