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2013 - 20192
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Subject: Chemistry × Author: Belal, Babita × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Chemical and genetic profiling of various lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) genotypes and their pharmacological attributes
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2019-02) Belal, Babita; Vivekanand
    In the present investigation, 28 lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) genotypes were evaluated for their chemical composition, biochemical profile, pharmacological attributes, nutritional potential, anti-nutritional traits, and genetic profile. GC-MS analysis of lentil methanolic extracts revealed the identification of various phytoconstituents representing about 51.76-91.43% of the total extract. Highest percentage contribution of phytoconstituents (91.43%) was observed in PL-4. Fatty acids and fatty esters were identified as the dominant constituents in addition to several minor components. The total phenolic, flavonoid, orthodihyric phenol, proanthocyanidines and tannin content was found in the range of 6.76-12.14 mg GAEg-1, 1.49-3.08 mg CAEg-1, 0.53-2.11 mg CLEg-1, 1.56-5.56 mg CAEg-1 and 2.58-7.22 mg TAEg-1 respectively. Genotype PL-259 exhibited the highest DPPH (IC50=498.83 μg/ml) and hydroxyl (IC50=599.08 μg/ml) radical scavenging activity. The maximum nitric oxide scavenging was observed in DPL-15 (IC50=419.29 μg/ml) while superoxide scavenging activity was highest in PTH (IC50=542.14 μg/ml). UPL-175 was found to exhibit maximum chelating activity (IC50=585.51). FRAP activity was found the maximum in genotype PL-5. All lentil methanolic extracts were found to be effective against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and gram-negative (Salmonella typhiand Escherichia coli) bacterial strains in dose-dependent manner. Proximate composition analysis in terms of ash, crude fiber, protein, and carbohydrates content showed a rich nutritional potential of lentil genotypes. The content of macro and micro-nutrient was evaluated by AAS and their magnitude was observed to be laid in the following order: K>Mg>Na>Ca>Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu>Ni>Co. Antinutritional factors like phytic acid and trypsin inhibitors have been evaluated in all lentil genotypes. Genetic variability among lentil genotypes was determined by microsatellite markers.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Biochemical and pharmacological profiling of different genotypes of fenugreek (Methi)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2013-07) Belal, Babita; Viveka Nand
    In the present study seeds of fenugreek plant were collected from different altitudes of Kumaun region of Uttarakhand. 14 fenugreek genotypes collected were analysed for their total phenolic, flavonoid, ortho dihydroxy phenolic, ascorbic acid, carbohydrate content, antioxidant activity, antifungal activity, antidiabetic activity and elemental profile. Genotype PM-14 exhibited maximum DPPH scavenging activity (67.77 - 91.94%), PM-18 had the maximum FRAP value (35.45mg/100mg) while chelating activity was found maximum in PM-14 (87.86%), superoxide scavenging activity was maximum in PEB (65.85%) and total antioxidant activity for all the genotypes as ascorbic acid equivalent ranges from 0.15-0.22mg/100mg. Phenolic content ranged from 1.92-4.6mg/100mg, ortho dihydroxy phenols (0.34-0.59mg/100mg), flavonoid (1.08-3.06mg/100mg), ascorbic acid (0.80-1.41 mg/gm) in methanolic seed extract of all genotypes. Maximum ascorbic acid content was found in PM(C)-1 (1.41mg/gm) while minimum was in Hisar sonali (0.80 mg/gm). Highest total sugar were in PM-15 (9.15mg/100mg), maximum reducing sugar in PM-14 (1.21 mg/100mg) and non-reducing sugar in PM-15 (8.66 mg/100mg). Amount of tannic acid ranged from from 0.42-0.87mg/100mg and proenthrocynidines from 2.73-5.86mg/100mg. IC50 value for α-amylase and α- glucosidase enzyme inhibition assays in PM(C)-1(10.53) and PM 15(29.39) showed maximum inhibition. All samples showed a good antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii and Colletotricum gleostorides. Elemental analysis by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy revealed that the iron content was maximum in all the fenugreek genotypes.