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ThesisItem Open Access Status of Higher Education in Ludhiana District of Punjab(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Akshpreet Kaur; Sidhu, Simran KangAfter independence, the higher education sector in India has experienced remarkable expansion in the form of manifold increase in number of educational institutions resulting in massive increase in the enrolment of students. But due to poor quality of education in these institutions, the graduates are unable to compete in the job markets and get depressed. Present study has been conducted with the objective: i. to study higher educational scenario in selected district of Punjab, ii.to access quality of education in selected higher educational institutions and iii. to measure satisfaction level of students and teachers in the selected institutions Secondary data from 1980 to 2018 were collected from the respective issues of Statistical Abstract: Punjab whereas primary data was collected from the teachers and students, selected from 12 colleges of Ludhiana district. The results of the study show that from 1980 to 2018, there was five-fold increase in the number of universities in Punjab and two-fold increase in the number of universities in Ludhiana. The number of colleges had increased three times in Punjab and doubled in Ludhiana. For the quality of education, the top ranks amongst all colleges was attained by Government (teacher specific parameters) or the private aided colleges (student and infrastructure specific parameters) whereas the least ranks were achieved by the Private colleges in all the parameters. The government college teachers were dissatisfied with the infrastructure and college bureaucracy while private aided college teachers were dissatisfied with salary and college management. The Government aided college students were dissatisfied with the library facilities and partial behavior of teachers. The study suggests that altogether privatization in higher educational institutions must be discouraged.ThesisItem Restricted Advertisements in print media: A comparison of three newspapers(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2019) Mehta, Tahil; Sarabjeet SinghDaily newspapers are an integral part of print media, since these can be perused and read at comfort, considering a fuller and better comprehension of broad communications. The present research is a quantitative as well as qualitative study dealing with coverage of advertisements in three newspapers (The Tribune, Dainik Bhaskar and Ajit). The data were collected during two months (February and March, 2018). Parameters included: date, headings, types and sizes etc. of the advertisements. The findings of the study revealed that out of the total 1801 advertisements published during the period in three newspapers. The Tribune published highest number of advertisements (802) followed by Ajit (506) and Dainik Bhaskar (493). More advertisements were published in the month of February (59.58%) as compared to March (40.42%). Maximum full page (40.63%) and half page (46.63%) advertisements were published by Dainik Bhaskar in both February and March. It was also observed that The Tribune published more advertisements on public notice (58.35%) followed by others (10.47%), automobiles and educational (5.36%), obituary (5.36%), Cosmetics (4.86%), recruitment (4.61%) and electronics (3.87%). Dainik Bhaskar published maximum advertisements on automobiles (20.68%) followed by others (19.47%), educational (17.03%), cosmetics (15.82%) and electronics (12.57%). While Ajit published maximum advertisements on others (23.71%) followed by obituary (17.39%), educational (12.64%) and automobiles (12.45%). According to size, maximum advertisements were in 7×8 cm (12.58%) and least in the size 2.5×3.5 cm (0.63%). More than one fourth same advertisements were published (26.82%) both in The Tribune and Ajit. While about one fifth advertisements (21.23%) were published in The Tribune and Dainik Bhaskar duos. Readability of the content in Ajit (7.04) and Dainik Bhaskar (7.6) could be termed as easy to understand for the general people.ThesisItem Restricted Uses and Gratification of Agricultural Websites among Progressive Farmers of Punjab(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2018) Taneja, Aashna; Thapar, SheetalWebsites have become a hub of information for everyone and, particularly, agricultural websites are emerging as a great information gathering tool for progressive farmers. A study was conducted to analyze the uses and gratifications of agricultural websites among the progressive farmers of Punjab. A close-ended questionnaire was made to collect the data from 100 progressive farmers of Punjab. 63 percent respondents were in the age group 30 to 50 years and 88 percent were married. It was revealed that 100 percent progressive farmers have access to internet connectivity. The study disclosed that 90 percent of progressive farmers are aware of the agricultural websites and 89 percent are actually using them. The productivity of 83 percent progressive farmers has increased with the information gathered from the agricultural websites. All 100 percent progressive farmers agreed to the fact that online media is much more satisfying to use in comparison to conventional media.ThesisItem Restricted Study of front pages of six newspapers: A comparative study(2018) Sehgal, Sumedha; Sarabjeet SinghMass Media is an important source to receive information from around the world and a perfect source to transfer knowledge and updated information. The present study was conducted to map the coverage of front pages of six newspapers and to compare their extent of coverage. Data was collected from six newspapers namely: Hindustan Times, The Indian Express, Punjabi Tribune, Jag Bani, Dainik Bhaskar and Dainik Jagran for the period of one month (March,2018). The study found that the maximum number of political news on the front page was published by Punjabi Tribune (95) and the least by Dainik Bhaskar (31). The highest number of Economic news published was by Jag Bani (25) and the least by Hindustan Times (10) and Dainik Jagran (10). Maximum International news were published by Jag Bani (46) and the least by The Indian Express (15). The highest number of National and Regional news was published by Dainik Bhaskar (144), and the least by The Indian Express (60). Maximum Crime news was published by Dainik Bhaskar (75) while minimum by The Indian Express (31). Dainik Bhaskar (34) published maximum number of Education news and least by Hindustan Times (6) and Jag Bani (6). Dainik Bhaskar published maximum feature articles (34) and the least were by Jag Bani (5). Dainik Bhaskar (23) published maximum sports news where The Indian Express (2) and Jag Bani (2) had minimum. The most news published with pictures was in Punjabi Tribune (193) and most news without pictures was published by Dainik Bhaskar (302).ThesisItem Open Access Oped Pages of The Hindu : A Case Study(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2018) Harjinder Singh; Sarabjeet SinghThe oped pages of newspaper give better opportunity for investigation of issues and presentation of new idea. The oped columns discuss major current news events and anticipate development, columnists report longer and more explorative essays and research ideas. In the present study, effort was made to focus on oped Pages of The Hindu. The objective was to map the contents and comment qualitatively on the content. Three months oped pages of The Hindu were selected. All the publication were compiled and mapped according to the type of columns, name of the contributor, size and picture, the theme covered. Simple percentage method was used to compare to the contributions It included columns, Lead Articles, The Wednesday Interview, Yes, No, It’s complicated, Single file, Conceptual, From The Hindu archive, FAQ, Shelf Help, Abstract, Notebook, Act One and Data Point. In The Hindu, under ‘Single file’ theme political had maximum number of articles, in ‘Lead Articles’ were published under the theme ‘Social Society Reform’. It was followed by ‘Journalism’, ‘Environmental’ and ‘Political’, respectively. Under ‘Ground Zero’ maximum articles fall under the theme ‘Social Society Reform’ followed by ‘Environmental’. Conceptual columns had maximum articles from ‘Economics’. The Hindu Archives covered theme maximum on ‘Finance and Business’, followed by Political. Pictures and Bar Graphs also had contribution in oped columns.ThesisItem Open Access Social media use by rural youth: A case study of village Abbuwal(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2018) Arun Kumar; Thapar, SheetalThe present study was carried out to assess the awareness of youth, using social media, especially for political and agricultural news. Responses from a total of 100 youth (Men) in village Abbuwal were analysed. Male youth were randomly chosen, because of agriculture profession that is mostly adopted by the males. The first section of demographic profile of the respondents included 7 questions. Second section with 34 questions included queries on mobile, PC or laptop and social media using pattern. While, third was the reasons for using social media apps and sites, which included 9 questions. From the results, it was noted that almost every youth has a smartphone and there is a big effect of 4G services in village. Most of the youth use social media on their mobile phone. For information and knowledge area, responses were good. Most of the youth were using it for information regarding work. For watching videos, listening to music the responses were on medium level and information on studies had poor response. Social network was playing an important role in friendship and many of the youth were using it, because it was used by their friends. But, number of youth picking social issues on social media was not enough. Social media is affecting regular life a lot as youth use it upto 2-3 hours in a day. However, they have some interest in political and especially in agricultural news.ThesisItem Open Access Uses and Gratifications of Social Media in Senior Secondary Students of Ludhiana and Dhandhra: A Comparative Study(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Deepali; Thapar, SheetalIn the 21st century, social media is an immensely popular medium of mass communication. It's influence can have both positive and negative results. A study was conducted to identify the uses and gratification of social media in senior secondary school children of Ludhiana and Dhandhra. Using a close-ended questionnaire, responses were obtained from 200 (50 from each school) senior secondary students of P.S.E.B and C.B.S.E Ludhiana and Dhandhra. The demographic profile largely constituted of students in the age range of 16> and <17 years, most of them had family income of Rupees <20,000 per month and many live in nuclear families. Reflecting the huge penetration of Social Media, it shows that in today's era everyone uses social media and social networking sites to remain connected, updated and informed. Every household has a mobile phone which shows the importance of this device. Wi-Fi connection was present in most of the areas of Ludhiana as well as Dhandhra. Whatsapp ranked on top position in their preference as well as according to safe uploading of pictures and easy connection with people. Education and assignments were the main purpose and entertainment followed that. More than 50 percent of the students never keep their phones always with them as they share it with their family and relatives. Many students face their parents’ objection while using social media in their day to day routine. Through this study one comes to know that social media is so much inter woven in our life that it seems impossible to live without social media.ThesisItem Restricted Agricultural Coverage in Media– Awareness of Farmwomen: A Case Study of Village Pakhowal(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2017) Middha, Gursimar Kaur; Sarabjeet SinghThe present study was carried out to assess the awareness of farmwomen regarding agricultural coverage in different media. A total of 100 farmwomen in village Pakhowal and were analysed. Demographic profile of respondents revealed that more than one third of the farmwomen belonged to relatively younger age group i.e. 25-35 years (37 percent); almost all of them (98 percent) were married. All of the farmwomen were workers on their farms. Status of family revealed that most of the farmwomen were living in nuclear family (79 percent). Educational qualification of more than half of the farmwomen (53 percent) was up to matric, senior secondary (20 percent). About 16 percent were graduated, mostly in Arts stream. Apart from this, 10 percent of farmwomen were uneducated and only 1 percent did her masters. Punjabi newspaper Ajit (58 percent) was widely acceptable and preferred newspaper for reading. Although, there was a supply of newspapers in every households but very less farmwomen reads newspapers (only 9 percent). Radio is there but again female listeners are about one third (30 percent). Use of social media (51 percent) is there but only for leisure and entertainment purposes. About half of the usage was of WhatsApp. Very few farmwomen read books (4 percent) while Magazines were not preferred at all. Television was the most used and preferred type of Media (90 percent). About one in 10 farmwomen (9 percent) were specifically reading and watching agricultural coverage in different media.ThesisItem Open Access A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY ON ABANDONED BRIDES OF NON-RESIDENT INDIAN GROOMS IN DOABA REGION OF PUNJAB(Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 2012) Lavjit KaurIn Punjab the woeful stories of abandoned brides by their NRI grooms are increasing at an alarming rate. Punjab, which contributes the highest number of NRIs among the 30 million NRI populations living in 180 countries, owes this as a moral duty to address this social problem. Thus, an exploratory study entitled “A Sociological Study on Abandoned Brides of Non-Resident Indian Grooms in Doaba Region of Punjab” was conducted in all four districts of Doaba region. The present study was endeavored to find out the interplay of various factors responsible for abandonment and to suggest rehabilitation measures. Fifteen abandoned brides were selected randomly from each district on the basis of FIRs lodged with NRI Police Stations, Complaints filed at Regional Passport Office and NGOs. In all, 60 abandoned brides were personally interviewed. The study found that the majority of abandoned brides were young, less educated, not gainfully employed, belonged to Jat Sikh caste. Their families had marginal and small land holding and nuclear family structure. Majority of NRI grooms were settled in USA, UK and Canada. Marriages were mostly settled by friends and relatives (83.33%), with no prior meeting of bride (81.67%) with groom and within 2 weeks (55.00%) time. Parents of brides spent lakh of rupees on marriage ceremonies which were mostly conducted in marriage palaces (78.33%). Still 13.33 per cent did not register their marriage. More than half of NRIs went back within 20 days after marriage and three fourth never called back their brides after reaching there. Fifty eight per cent got conceived and 10 per cent succeeded in going abroad to join her husband. Though all expenses were bore by parents only. Dowry (66.67%) and extra marital affairs (51.67%) were main socio-cultural reasons stated by brides, responsible for abandonment. One third of brides held physical and verbal abuses behind abandonment. Parents of majority significantly supported the devastated brides. They succeeded in filing FIR (88.33%) with NRI police stations and challans were issued for one fourth. One third got alimony and Look out Circular (LOC) was issued in 8.33 per cent of cases following which two passports were impounded with the help of RPO. Study suggested the girl to get equipped with vocational skills to become economically independent. Parents were suggested to cautiously verify the antecedents of the grooms. Brides need to be vigilant and not to take any decision in haste. NGO’s along with strong state intervention could prove helpful in curbing the menace.