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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    “Physio-Biochemical and molecular characterization of selected Rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes to drought at flowering stage”.
    (SARDARVALLABH BHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE MEERUT 250110, 2021) Kumar, Arun; Sengar, Dr. R. S.
    Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important staple food crop of India as well as whole world. It is second most cultivated cereal in the world and most widely consumed staple food for about 60% of the world’s population. Drought stress is one of the major abiotic stresses, which adversely affects crop growth and yield. In present study, a pot experiment was conducted with 20 rice (1 Non Basmati and 19 Basmati) genotypes during kharif season 2018 and 2019 at field laboratory, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, S.V.P.U.A.&T., Modipuram, Meerut, U.P., India in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. During the diversity analysis of twenty varieties, a dendrogram was constructed, which generate two major groups i.e. cluster I, cluster II along with two single genotypes namely Punjab Basmati 2 and Basmati-564. The maximum similarity exhibited by genotype Vallabh Basmati 24 with Vallabh Basmati 21 and the minimum similarity was shown by genotypes Vallabh Basmati 21 with Punjab Basmati 2. Drought treatment was given for 10 days at flowering stage by restricting the water to treated pots, whereas regularly watering was applied to control pots. The screening of rice genotypes was done on the basis of various morphological, physio- biochemical and molecular parameters. Further, the study suggests that, drought has negatively impacted on all the varieties used in the experiments regardless of their stress response nature. The impact of drought stress varied among the plant varieties, where Nagina 22, a drought tolerant variety under drought stress was found significantly superior over all other investigated varieties in the morpho-physio-biochemical parameters followed by Pusa Basmati 1121 variety. Whereas Basmati 386 as found significantly lower than all other tested varieties. Furthermore, these varieties were selected for drought responsive gene expression analysis. Results of expression analysis showed that Nagina 22 (tolerant variety) have higher level of drought responsive gene expression. Comparatively, Pusa Basmati 1121 showing the comparatively low level of drought responsive gene expression than Nagina 22. Whereas, Basmati 386 variety having very low level of drought responsive gene expression.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    “Studies on genetic divergence, inter-relationship and their implications in genetic improvement of okra Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.) germplasm
    (SARDARVALLABH BHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE MEERUT 250110, 2019) Kumar, Arun; Kumar, Mukesh
    An investigation entitled “Studies on genetic divergence, inter-relationship and their implications in genetic improvement of okra Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.) germplasm” was carried out at Research Farm of (HRC) SVPUA&T, Meerut during 2014 and 2015 in Randomize Block Design (RBD) with three replications to study the genetic variability, interrelationship and genetic divergence in sixty eight genotypes of okra. The study involves PCV & GCV, heritability & expected genetic advance, correlation & path coefficients analysis and genetic divergence (D2) based on ten morphological quantitative characters under two environments as well as combined over environments (pool data of both environments). Studies revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters. The estimates of PCV were moderate than that of GCV for all the studied traits. The heritability estimates in broad sense and genetic advance as per cent of mean were high for fruit yield per plant, tapering length of fruit, plant height, number first fruiting nodes, fruit width, number of branches per plant, while number of fruits per plant showed highly positive and significant correlation with number of branch per plant, number of fruit per plant, number of first fruiting node per plant, fruit width, fruit height, fruit length and number of fruit per plant, number of nodes per plant in over combined environments. The estimates of direct and indirect effects of different characters on fruit yield along with their correlation coefficients with fruit yield for environment I, environment II and combined over environments were similar excepts some traits. Path coefficient analysis revealed that fruit yield per plant of direct and indirect effects on number of fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit width and plant height which are generally similar to those observed at the phenotypic level with little variation in magnitudes in both the individual environment and combined environment as well. Genetic divergence studies grouped all the genotypes into nine diverse clusters under all the environments. Clustering pattern changed with the environments which indicated that D²-statistics are highly influenced by the environments. Maximum genetic divergence was observed for plant height, number of fruits per plant, tapering length of fruit
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    “Studies on population fluctuation of Mango hopper Amaritodus atkinsoni (Leth) and their management in Western Plane Zone of U.P.”
    (SARDARVALLABH BHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE MEERUT 250110, 2019) Kumar, Arun; Singh, Rajendra
    The field experiment was conducted entitle “Studies on population fluctuation of Mango hopper Amaritodus atkinsoni (Leth) and their management in Western Plane Zone of U.P.” in randomized block design with three replications of nine treatments for a crop season of the year 2018-19 ” at HRC, Siwaya farm of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agricultural and Technology, Meerut U.P., India. The mango leaf hopper started appearing from the last week of march i.e. 10th standard week on the leaf. The population at this stage was 0.68 hopper/5 panicles the mean temperature 18.23oC and RH 62.04 per cent during 2018-19 and the effect of different insecticides/biopesticides treatment on the mortality of mango leaf hopper Amritodus atkinsini in mango crop is presented in the results revealed that all the treatments were significantly effective in controlling mango leaf hopper as compared to control. The mortality ranged from 2.81 to 12.30 during in the year 2018-19 before the spray of treatments, it did not differ significantly to each other. At the time of second spray the effect of different insecticides/biopesticides treatment on the mortality of mango leaf hopper Amritodus atkinsini in mango crop is presented in the results revealed that all the treatments were significantly effective in controlling mango leaf hopper as compared to control. The mortality ranged from 1.67 to 11.30 during in the year 2018-19 before the spray of treatments, it did not differ significantly to each other.The final yields of mango fruits as a result of application of different treatments. All the treatments resulted in higher fruit yield and were proved significantly superior over control during the 2018-19 years of application. The maximum fruit yield 144.42 q/ha was obtained during 2018-19 by the treatment with dinutefuran 50% WP@ 0.005 and imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.005% was second most effective treatment with fruit yield of 240.17 q/ha during year 2018-19. Treatment cost and marketable value of the produce. It can be seen from the data pertaining to net income (Rs./ha) in different treatments. The profit in different treatments are in increasing order of dinutefuran 50% WP @ 0.005 > imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.005% > dimethoate 30 EC @ 0.005% > thiamethoxam 50 WG @ 0.01% > neemal oil @ 1500 PPM > NSKE @ 5% > Metarhizium anisopliae 1.0⨯108 cfu/ml > B. bassiana 1.0 ⨯108 cfu/ml, However, Dinutefuran 50% WP@ 0.005 and imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 0.005% were found very effective in controlling the mango leaf hopper Amritodua atkinsoni.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    IN VITRO REGENERATION AND ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC FIDELITY USING RAPD MARKERS IN GLADIOLUS (Gladiolus hybrida)
    (Sardar Vallabhbhi Patel Universiy of Agriculture And Technology Meerut (U.P.), 2015) Kumar, Arun; Kumar, Pushpendra
    Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybrida) is a bulbous ornamental plant, have a great commercial importance in cut flower industry all over the world as well as in India. The genus Gladiolus belongs to the family Iridaceae. In India, gladiolus is cultivated on 11660 ha area and produce 106 crore cut flowers. In-vitro propagation techniques, assumes significance, especially for securing rapid multiplication of the novel cultivars using different explants sources and media.In present study the in-vitro regeneration of gladiolus cultivar White prosperity was achieved using shoot bud of cormels as an explant. The concentration and combination of plant growth regulators governed the regenerative capacity of explants. The cytokinin, BAP efficiently produced multiple shoots in gladiolus on B5 and MS media. The number of shoots varied from 1.3 to 3.0 shoots per explant on B5 media and 0.6 to 2.3 shoots per explant on MS media. The length of in-vitro developed multiple shoots varied from 2.2 to 3.8 cm in B5 media and 1.1 to 2.9 cm in MS media, 30 Days After Inoculation (DAI). The maximum number of shoots (3.0 and 2.3) were recorded with treatment of 1 mg/l BAP in both B5 and MS media respectively. Maximum rooting (1.5cm) were observed at 1.0 mg/l BAP and 2 mg/l NAA in MS media. The genetic fidelity of in-vitro raised multiple shoots were determined by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The RAPD primers produced 35 distinct bands in fourteen in-vitro regenerated clones and one mother plant. The average of scorable bands was 3.5 bands per primer. Total 525 bands were generated by all primers, showed monomorphic banding pattern indicating no genomic variations occurred in in-vitro raised plants. As per the RAPD markers study all the randomly selected clones were similar to the mother plant. Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybrida) is a bulbous ornamental plant, have a great commercial importance in cut flower industry all over the world as well as in India. The genus Gladiolus belongs to the family Iridaceae. In India, gladiolus is cultivated on 11660 ha area and produce 106 crore cut flowers. In-vitro propagation techniques, assumes significance, especially for securing rapid multiplication of the novel cultivars using different explants sources and media. In present study the in-vitro regeneration of gladiolus cultivar White prosperity was achieved using shoot bud of cormels as an explant. The concentration and combination of plant growth regulators governed the regenerative capacity of explants. The cytokinin, BAP efficiently produced multiple shoots in gladiolus on B5 and MS media. The number of shoots varied from 1.3 to 3.0 shoots per explant on B5 media and 0.6 to 2.3 shoots per explant on MS media. The length of in-vitro developed multiple shoots varied from 2.2 to 3.8 cm in B5 media and 1.1 to 2.9 cm in MS media, 30 Days After Inoculation (DAI). The maximum number of shoots (3.0 and 2.3) were recorded with treatment of 1 mg/l BAP in both B5 and MS media respectively. Maximum rooting (1.5cm) were observed at 1.0 mg/l BAP and 2 mg/l NAA in MS media. The genetic fidelity of in-vitro raised multiple shoots were determined by Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The RAPD primers produced 35 distinct bands in fourteen in-vitro regenerated clones and one mother plant. The average of scorable bands was 3.5 bands per primer. Total 525 bands were generated by all primers, showed monomorphic banding pattern indicating no genomic variations occurred in in-vitro raised plants. As per the RAPD markers study all the randomly selected clones were similar to the mother plant.