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ThesisItem Open Access “16S rRNA Based Metagenomics Analysis of Mastitis Milk inBovine”(Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, 2020) Bhordia, Anamika; Kumar, AmitA total of 15 milk samples were included in the study primarily based on clinical signs of mastitis from HF and Sahiwal purebred animals. The samples were screened for SCC count immediately after reaching the laboratory. The pH of the samples ranged 5-9. The results of present study revealed higher concentration of chloride in all the samples except one and that does not have higher SCC count. The concentration of chloride is in concurrence of higher SCC concentration in samples. All the milk samples with increased SCC revealed higher chloride concentration. The results of WST revealed variable results as it is simply based on observations so any error in process may lead to false negative tests. The study revealed 15 isolates based on cultural, morphological, biochemical characterization. These included 5 coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp., and 8 E. coli and two yeasts. These were confirmed by the PCR based amplification with specific primers. Amplicons were subjected to Sanger sequencing and received data was analyzed. The BLAST based analysis confirmed the genus and species of all the isolates as Staphylococcus gallinarum, Staphylococcus succinus, Staphylococcus sciuri, Diutina rugosa and multiple strains of E. coli. The isolated yeasts were subjected to the amplification of 500bp amplicon from ITS primer. Sanger sequencing-based analysis confirmed these isolates as Diutina rugosa (previously known as Candida rugosa). It seems to be first report of isolation of Diutina rugosa from the clinical cases of subclinical mastitis in Indian cattle. The study for phylogeny linkage revealed Indian isolate in close homology with the isolate of Thailand and both share a same route followed by the isolates of China, Ghana and Mexico. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern revealed multidrug resistance in all the isolates of E. coli and Staphylococcus spp. The resistance was highest against Amoxyclave (100%), followed by Cephalexin (87.5%), Moxifloxacin (75%), Enrofloxacin (67.7%), Cloxacillin (66.7%), Ceftriaxone and Oxytetracycline (62.5%) and Gentamicin and Streptomycin (58.4%). The antibiotyping revealed 14 different antibiotypes. DNA of pooled samples was subjected to Sanger sequencing and data analysis. The refraction curve obtained from sequenced data clearly indicates the presence of large number of microbes in mastitic milk sample as compared to healthy sample. Similarly, the α-diversity suggests the more diversified microbial population in diseased milk samples. Data showed the taxonomical diversity one domain, two phylum, seven classes, 12 orders, 34 families, 81 genus and 197 species were missing from the milk sample of healthy animals. It signifies the diversification of udder environment in the cases of sub clinical mastitis. Moreover, in healthy udder archaea contributed 99.68% of total population and bacteria were only 0.31% as compared to 0.25% and 99.74% in mastitic udder. The presence of large number of bacterial populations in specific classes, families, genus and species are predominated by the bacteria absent from healthy uterus. Therefore, the present study recommends a.) use of discriminant analysis to discriminate microbial community of clinical and healthy mastitis and b.) regular use of antimicrobial susceptibility testing ofmastitis.ThesisItem Open Access “16S rRNA Based Metagenomics Analysis of Uterine Microbiota in Cattle”(SARDARVALLABH BHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE MEERUT 250110, 2020) Upadhyay, Surendra; Kumar, RavindraMetritis severely affects the economy of by reducing productivity and hampering reproductive cycle of the animals. This acts like two-sided sword to damage dairy economy. For prevention and control of metritis, it is essential to understand the dynamics of the uterine microbiota at parturition. Keeping these aspects in mind the present study was planned to establish cattle uterine microbiota at and immediate after parturition; to identify the major bacterial pathogens involved in the cattle metritis and also to suggest the prevention and control strategies to avoid post parturient metritis in cattle. The present study included 24 cattle including 11 showing the clinical signs of metritis where as 13 with regular estrous cycle. Out of them 7 and 3 regular isolates of E. coli were recovered from metritic and apparently healthy cattle. All the presumptive isolates of E. coli were confirmed by the amplification species specific of 556 base pair uidA genes. Four animals also revealed presence of Staphylococcus spp. in metritis cases with the prevalence of 36.6 %. All the bacterial isolates were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test against 14 antibacterial drugs like Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Enrofloxacin, Gentamicin, Amikacin, Streptomycin, Cloxacillin, Penicillin G, Cefoperazone, Cephalexin and Ceftriaxone, Metronidazole, Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid and Oxytetracycline. E. coli isolates revealed 100% resistance against Cloxacillin, Penicillin G, Metronidazole, Levofloxacin and Oxytetracycline, 90% against Enrofloxacin and Streptomycin, 70% against Amikacin and 60% against Amoxyclav. Staphylococcus isolates revealed 100% resistance against Cefoperazone, Cloxacillin, Penicillin G, Streptomycin, Metronidazole, Levofloxacin and Oxytetracycline and 75% against Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin. When all the isolates were classified for antibiotyping, study revealed eight biotypes of E. coli and four biotypes in Staphylococcus spp. The uterine discharges of both healthy cyclic and metritic cows were subjected for metagenomic analysis to compare the changes in uterine microbiota. The pooled samples of five healthy and five metritic cows of Sahiwal breeds were subjected for NGS and MG-RAST based analysis. The NGS revealed the presence of 4 domain of microbes in metritic animals as compared to two domains in healthy animals. The healthy animals have almost 100% population of archaea with only 29 domains of bacteria. While in contrast to it, metritic animals revealed 87 % bacteria and 12 % archaea. Similarly, studies of Phylum revealed 6 and 19 phyla in healthy and metritic samples. The results of classes revealed 8 and 32 classes in healthy and metritic samples. The samples from metritic cows revealed 108 families in comparison to 17 families in samples of healthy animals. Similarly, samples from metritic cows revealed 235 genera in comparison to 22 genera in samples of healthy animals.ThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON AWARENESS AND OPINION OF GRADUATE STUDENTS TOWARDS ONLINE BANKING(Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut - 250110, 2019) ABDUL MATEEN NOORI; Dr. Dan SinghABSTRACT Name: Abdul Mateen Noori ID. No.:- PG/A-3921/17 Major:- Agricultural Extension & Comm. Minor :- Horticulture Degree :- M. Sc. (Ag) Dept. :- Agricultural Extension & Comm. Thesis Title :- “A Study on Awareness and Opinion of Graduate Students towards Online Banking”. Degree Awarding University:- Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut-250 110, (U. P.). This study was conducted on “awareness and opinion of graduate students towards online banking” at Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. The data was collected from 105 respondents for the investigation. The results reveal, that majority (80.00 %) of the students belongs to male group and (55.20%) of the respondents belongs to age group of 21-24 years. The majority of the respondents (33.30%) were studying in B.V.Sc Ist year, 95.20% of the students staying in university hostel. The majority (49.50%) of the students parents were engaged in agriculture, 42.90% of the students reading time was evening 9 pm to 12 am and (76.20%) of respondents sleeping time was 12 am to 7 am. Majority (49.52%) of the students doing discussion with other students during lunch time. 79.00% students were having ATM card. It was observed that (71.40%) of the respondents obtaining information through internet. Majority of respondents family income was less than of Rs. 50,000/-, 63.89 % of the students were gaining awareness from friends regarding online banking. Majority (30.47%) of the respondents were using service of banking for checking account balance, (50.47%) of respondents were using Paytm. Majority (47.61%) of the respondents make online transactions through ATM machine, 44.76% respondents were using online banking from last one year. Majority (29.50%) of the respondents changing password after one year. Respondents (53.33%) were always using license antivirus, 43.80% always delete files from computer after using. Majority (72.40%) of the respondents never logging into the account at cyber cafe. Majority of the students opinion related to online banking provides high security. Its mean percentage score is (165.27). There were illiterate and unskilled major problems in using online banking. (Dan Singh) (Abdul Mateen Noori) Advisor Author b Abdul Mateen Noori Contact Information Permanent Address: Village : Quchi District : Center of Kunduz Province : Kunduz Country : Afghanistan Mobile: +93798632455 +917457060988 E-mail: Mateennoori555@gmail.com Mateennoori555@yahoo.com ACADEMIC RECORDS Appearing in M.Sc. (Ag) in AgriculturaThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON AWARENESS AND OPINION REGARDING SOIL HEALTH CARD SCHEME AMONG THE FARMERS(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2021-10) Anuj Kumar; Dr. D.K. SinghDEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AND COMMUNICATION S.V.P. University of Agriculture and Technology Meerut-250110 (U.P.) INDIA Name of student : Anuj Kumar Id. No. : 2019 Admission : 2018-2019 Degree : Ph.D (Ag.) Department : Agricultural Extension & Communication Minor : Horticulture S.V.P.U.A&T., Meerut 250110 Advisor : Dr. D. K. Singh ABSTRACT Thesis title : “A study on Awareness and Opinion regarding Soil Health Card scheme among the farmers.” The present study was carried out during the year 2020-2021, in Meerut and Muzaffarnagr districts of Uttar Pradesh. It was observed that 56.87 per cent SHC adopters were observed in the middle age category with their ages ranging between 31 to 60 years, most of the SHC adopters were educated, 90.63 per cent married, 72.50 per cent other backward caste, 73.13 per cent living in nuclear family system, 65.00 per cent having medium size of family, 93.75 per cent having pacca house, most of SHC adopters were belonged to small and marginal farmers category, 80.62 per cent SHC adopters possessed main occupation was farming, 52.50 per cent had membership in one organization, 70.00 per cent SHC farmers having private electric tube well, 66.87 per cent of the SHC scheme farmers had a medium level of scientific orientation, 74.38 per cent had a medium level of economic motivation, 34.38 per cent had very medium level of innovativeness, 33.75 per cent were belonging to income group of Rs. 1,00,001 to 2,00,000, 53.75 per cent of the SHC scheme farmers had a medium level of socio-economic status, majority of the SHC users mostly meet to neighbors and relatives to get the information, maximum SHC users were always using a mobile phone as a source of mass media contact, majority of soil health card adopters had possessed medium level of awareness about scheme and only five variables highly significant and positively correlated with the awareness level of SHC adopters, majority of SHC beneficiaries (76.25%) had opinion that SHC gives an idea of fertilizers usage pattern and SHC helps in timely management of fertilizers with ranked first and second respectively, 56.87 per cent of soil health card adopters had medium level of impact of Soil Health Card Scheme and only five variables had highly significant and positively correlated with the impact level on SHC adopters. Most important reasons behind the non-adaptation of Soil Health Card Scheme were high price of fertilizers, illiteracy among the farmers for using soil health card and extension workers are not available to advise at village level. (Dr. D. K. Singh) (Anuj Kumar) Advisor StudentThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON AWARENESS OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES AMONG THE RURAL PEOPLE OF MEERUT DISTRICT(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHNOLOGY MODIPURAM, MEERUT- 250110 (U. P.), INDIA, 2016) Amit Kumar; D.K. SinghDEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION S.V.P. University of Agriculture and Technology Meerut-250110 (U.P.) INDIA. Name of student : Amit Kumar Id. No : 2967 Admission : 2014-2015 Degree : M.Sc. (Ag.) Agricultural Extension Thesis title : “A study on awareness of rural development programmes among the rural people of Meerut District.” Advisor : Dr. D.K. Singh Degree Awarding University: S.V.P. University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut- 250110 (U. P.), India. ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “A study on awareness of rural development programmes among the rural people of Meerut”. Under the investigation 80 respondents were considered for the purpose. In the study it was found that maximum of respondents i.e. 55.00% belong up to 45 years age group, while 23.75% of respondents belong to 46-55 years age group, 21.25% of respondents belong to old above 55 years age group majority 27.50% respondents were found illiterate followed by 28.75% respondents were found literate. About 70.00% of the respondents belong to other backward class with rural family background. 62.50% respondents are marginal farmers and 7.50 % is belongs to landless. Further respondents 76.25 % respondents have no social participation. About rural development programmes followed by 2.73% were aware regarding MGNREGA, 2.66% respondents were aware regarding Mid-day Meal. Maximum of respondent’s i.e. 2.21% had knowledge about Indira Awas Yojana followed by 1.33% respondents have information about National health Mission followed by 2.8 % respondents are aware regarding Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana. In context of attitude of rural development programmes 2.87 % respondents have favorable attitude, followed by 2.25 % respondent’s thinks rural development programmes is income generating programmes.The constraints faced by respondents are i.e. political interference, 91.25 %, poor understanding 91.22%, lack of knowledge about the different programmes 81.25% etc. Name and Signature of Advisor Name and Signature of Student Dr. D. K. Singh Amit KumarThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON CROP RESIDUES MANAGEMENT PRACTICES USING BY THE FARMERS OF UTTAR PRADESH(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2022) GIRIJESH YADAV; Dr. D.K. SinghS. V. P. University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut-250110 (U. P.) Name of students : Girijesh Yadav Id No : PG/A-4900/19 Year of Admission : Ist sem. 2019 Degree : Ph.D. (Ag.) Major : Agricultural Extension and Communication Minor : Agronomy Topic : “A Study on Crop Residues Management Practices Using by the Farmers of Uttar Pradesh.” Advisor : Dr. D. K. Singh Department : Agril. Extension & Comm. Abstract The study was conducted in Western Uttar Pradesh during the year 2021-22 to find out the Socio personal characteristics of the farmers practice on crop residue management. In the study 180 farmers were selected as respondent. The independent variables such as age, caste, education, marital status, family type, etc were measured. Data were collected through structured personal interview schedule. The statistical methods and tests such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation etc. were used for analysis of data. The result of the data showed that the majority 33.89% of the farmers belonged to lower medium age group followed by higher medium age group, 68.33% farmers belonged to Other Backward Caste. The majority 26.67% of respondents were educated up to intermediate, 64.44% respondent were engaged in agriculture as their main occupation, 52.78% were having medium size (2-4 ha) of land holding, 84.44% were used private tube well for irrigation, and 11.67% respondents were having membership of only one social organization while 88.33% farmers were having no any kind of membership. In the study 82.22% respondents were getting information from KVK Scientist. The majority 63.89% of the respondents were having medium level of knowledge regarding crop residues management, 66.56% respondents were having medium level of Attitude regarding crop residues management. The study reveals that the maximum 70.00% respondents were followed medium level of practices under crop residues management. To found many constraints maximum 90.55% respondents faced more time consuming in crop residues management constraints followed 88.33% respondents were faced labour charge is high for crop residues management. The result of the correlation analysis revealed that the adoption of crop residues management practices was found to be positively and significantly correlated with their education, source of information, irrigation facilities, home appliances, farm implements, transports facilities, annual income at 1 % level of significance. Size of land holding, social participation was found to have positive and significant correlation at 5 % level of significance. The variable age and marital status was found to have negative correlation with adoption of crop residues management practices. However the rest of the variables, namely caste, type of family, size of family, type of house, occupation were found to be positive but non-significantly correlated with the adoption of crop residues management practices. (D. K. Singh) (Girijesh Yadav) Advisor AuthorThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON ENTREPRENEURIAL BEHAVIOUR OF VEGETABLE GROWERS IN VARANASI DISTRICT OF UTTAR PRADESH(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2022) Akanksha Singh; Dr. Dan Singh SardarS. V. P. University of Agricultureand Technology, Meerut-250110 (U. P.) Name of students: Akanksha Singh ID. No. – PG/A-4899/19 Degree: Ph. D (Agril. Ext. and Comm.) Admission – 2019 Advisor: Dr. Dan Singh (Deptt - Agricultural Extension and Communication) Topic: A Study on Entrepreneurial Behavior of Vegetable Growers in Varanasi District of Uttar Pradesh Abstract The present study was carried out during the year 2021-2022 in four blocks of Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh.The present study was conducted on 160 respondents and data were collected through personal interview method with the help of interview schedule. The study revealed that the majority of vegetable growers (60.62 per cent) belonged to middle age group, (77.50 per cent) belong to Other Backward Caste, (36.25 per cent) were having education up tointermediate level, (86.25 per cent) were married, (57.50 per cent) belonging to joint family system, (55.62 per cent) were having 5 to 8 members in a family, (92.50 per cent) were having Pucca house,(79.38 per cent) respondents were engaged in agriculture as main occupation,(53.75 per cent) respondents were having membership of only one social organizations, (38.75 per cent) were having 1 to 2 ha of land, (51.25 per cent) were having medium material possession,(30.00 per cent) were having Rs. 2 lakhs to 3 lakh and majority of the respondents (42.50 per cent) belonged to medium socio-economic status.The study revealed that majority of the respondents (40.00 per cent) had medium communication behaviour with television as frequently used mass media and input dealor as frequently visited extension contact. It was found out that majority of respondents (47.50 per cent) had medium entrepreneurial behaviour with medium innovativeness, risk orientation, technical competency, decision making ability, scientific orientation, leadership ability and high achievement motivation, economic motivation, market orientation, management orientation and cosmopoliteness. The study concluded that the variable education, annual income, land holdings, social participation, material possession extension contact and mass media contact had positive and significant relationship at 0.01% level of significance while variable occupation had positive and significant relationship at 0.05% level of significance with entrepreneurial behaviour. Age was found to be having negative correlation with entrepreneurial attributes significant at 0.01%, while caste, marital status, family type, family size and housing pattern did not establish significant relationship with the entrepreneurial behaviour. It was noted that the most serious production constraints were non availability of fertilizers and pesticides at sowing time (64.37 per cent) and most serious marketing constraints were price fluctuation in the market (91.87 per cent). Most of the farmers suggested that if proper vegetable production facilities like timely production technology and good quality input are provided to farmers it will help them to increase their vegetable production without increasing production cost and ultimately their income will increase and also if proper marketing facilities are made available to them at reasonable rate they can sell their produce at desired price and can get better profit. (Dan Singh) (Akanksha Singh) Advisor AuthorThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE AND ADOPTION LEVEL OF IMPROVED CULTIVATION PRACTICES AMONG THE POTATO GROWERS IN MEERUT DISTRICT OF UTTAR PRADESH(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2021-09) SUMIT KUMAR MISHRA; Dr. V. K. SinghDEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AND COMMUNICATION S.V.P. University of Agriculture and TechnologyMeerut-250110 (U.P.) INDIA Name of student : Sumit Kumar Mishra Id. No. : PG /A- 2751/19 Admission : 2019-2020 Degree : M. Sc. (Ag.) Major : Agricultural Extension & Communication, Minor : Agronomy Thesis Title: “A study on knowledge and adoption level of improved cultivation practices among the potato growers in Meerut district of Uttar Pradesh” Advisor : Dr. V. K. Singh ABSTRACT The present study was carried out during the year 2020-2021, in Meerut districts of Uttar Pradesh. It was observed that 44.17 per cent potato growers were observed in the middle age category between 31 to 50 years, most of the 34.16 per cent potato growers were educated high school level, 74.16 percent belonging other backward caste, 86.66 per cent married, 74.16 per cent living in joint family system, 51.66 percent having large size of family, 84.16 per cent having pucca house, 34.16 per cent potato growers were belonged to medium and 30.83 per cent potato growers small land category, 75.83 percent potato growers possessed main occupation as farming, 30.83 per cent had membership in one organization, 75.00 per cent potato growers having private electric tube well, 45.83 per cent were belonging annual income group Rs. 1,00,001 to 2,00,000, 65.00 per cent potato grower mostly information from neighbors and relatives about new agricultural practices, maximum potato growers were always using a newspaper as a source of mass media contact. The maximum potato growers were having medium knowledge about recommended package of practices in potato production; these were higher knowledge in land preparation and use of recommended soil in potato production. The maximum potato growers had moderate level of adoption of recommended package of practices in potato production. These were higher in case of land preparation, selection of improved varieties and time of sowing. Most of the potato growers faced constraints in adaptation of recommended package of practices in potato production were high wage and non-availability of labours, lack of proper training and lack of knowledge about plant protection chemicals. (Dr. V. K. Singh) (Sumit Kumar Mishra) Advisor Author VITAEThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE AND ADOPTION LEVEL OF IMPROVED CULTIVATION PRACTICES AMONG THE POTATO GROWERS IN MEERUT DISTRICT OF UTTAR PRADESH(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2021-09) SUMIT KUMAR MISHRA; Dr. V. K. SinghDEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AND COMMUNICATION S.V.P. University of Agriculture and TechnologyMeerut-250110 (U.P.) INDIA Name of student : Sumit Kumar Mishra Id. No. : PG /A- 2751/19 Admission : 2019-2020 Degree : M. Sc. (Ag.) Major : Agricultural Extension & Communication, Minor : Agronomy Thesis Title: “A study on knowledge and adoption level of improved cultivation practices among the potato growers in Meerut district of Uttar Pradesh” Advisor : Dr. V. K. Singh ABSTRACT The present study was carried out during the year 2020-2021, in Meerut districts of Uttar Pradesh. It was observed that 44.17 per cent potato growers were observed in the middle age category between 31 to 50 years, most of the 34.16 per cent potato growers were educated high school level, 74.16 percent belonging other backward caste, 86.66 per cent married, 74.16 per cent living in joint family system, 51.66 percent having large size of family, 84.16 per cent having pucca house, 34.16 per cent potato growers were belonged to medium and 30.83 per cent potato growers small land category, 75.83 percent potato growers possessed main occupation as farming, 30.83 per cent had membership in one organization, 75.00 per cent potato growers having private electric tube well, 45.83 per cent were belonging annual income group Rs. 1,00,001 to 2,00,000, 65.00 per cent potato grower mostly information from neighbors and relatives about new agricultural practices, maximum potato growers were always using a newspaper as a source of mass media contact. The maximum potato growers were having medium knowledge about recommended package of practices in potato production; these were higher knowledge in land preparation and use of recommended soil in potato production. The maximum potato growers had moderate level of adoption of recommended package of practices in potato production. These were higher in case of land preparation, selection of improved varieties and time of sowing. Most of the potato growers faced constraints in adaptation of recommended package of practices in potato production were high wage and non-availability of labours, lack of proper training and lack of knowledge about plant protection chemicals. (Dr. V. K. Singh) (Sumit Kumar Mishra) Advisor AuthorThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE AND USE LEVEL OF AGRO CHEMICALS IN VEGETABLE PRODUCTION AMONG THE FARMERS OF WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT-250 110 (U.P.), INDIA, 2023-11-01) Shankar Dayal Bharti; Dr. D.K. SinghThe present study was carried out during the year 2021-2022 in two blocks of Meerut district and two blocks of Hapur district of Uttar Pradesh. The data was collected from 160 respondents through structured interview schedule. The study reveals that the majority of vegetable growers 53.75 per cent belonged to lower medium age group, 47.50 per cent belong to Other Backward Caste, 33.75 per cent were having education up to high school level, 65.62per cent were having 5 to 8 members in a family, 85.62 per cent were having mobile phones for mass media exposure, 81.87 per cent respondents were obtaining information from progressive farmers, 84.37 per cent respondents were engaged in agriculture as main occupation, 44.37 per cent respondents were having membership of more than one social organizations, 31.87 per cent were having 02 to 04 ha of land, 90.62 per cent were having two wheeler as transport facility, 33.75 per cent were having Rs. above 2 lakh rupees. Further study revealed that majority of the respondents 56.87 per cent were having medium knowledge about fruit and shoot borer in vegetable cultivation, 54.37 per cent respondents were having medium knowledge about use of nitrogen application in vegetable cultivation, 53.75 per cent respondents were having medium knowledge about diseases in vegetable cultivation. The correlation coefficient between socio economic status of respondents and knowledge level of vegetable growers were found significantly at 0.01 per cent probability level with the age, education, caste, mass media, size of land holding and their annual income. The study also revealed that majority of respondents 77.50 per cent was having general awareness about technical application of agrochemicals in vegetables. Majority of respondents 55.63 per cent were used Fipronil, Cypermethrin, Flubendamite for the control of fruit and shoot borer in vegetables cultivation. The correlation coefficient between socio economic status of respondents and use level of agrochemicals in vegetables were found significantly at 0.01 per cent probability level with the age, education, caste, mass media, size of land holding and their annual income. It was also noted that majority of the respondents 84.37 per cent had medium communication behaviour with television as frequently used mass media and while under extension contact input dealers were used frequently. Most serious production constraints 65.62 per cent were observed as lack of adequate remunerative prices for vegetables whereas 70.62 per cent respondents were facing technical constraints.ThesisItem Open Access A Study on Managerial Abilities of Farmer Producers Organization Staff in Telangana”(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT-250 110 (U.P.), INDIA, 2023-08-01) Vavilala Priyanka; Dr. V.K. SinghThe present study was conducted during 2022-2023 in zone III (Rajanna Siricilla) of Telangana which has five districts namely, Karimnagar, Rajanna Siricilla, Medak, Siddipet and Kamareddy. The total numbers of FPOs in the zone were 66 FPOs. Out of this, 40 FPOs were selected using proportionate sampling from each district and randomly within the district. From each FPO, five staff members were interviewed randomly constituting a sample of 200 respondents using structured interview schedule. The findings of the profile characteristics of the farmer producer organization staff reported that majority (41.50%) of the respondents were middle aged and male (78.00%) with education up to graduation (38.50%). Most of the respondents (82.50%) were in the position of BOD having low experience (51.00%) of 2-5 years and received medium (40.50%) number of trainings. They also reported that sufficient staff facilities (56.50%) were available in the organization, were having medium (65.50%) extension activities, sufficient infrastructure facilities (51.50%), the interpersonal communication was medium (41.50%) with neutral (57.00%) departmental working environment. Maximum (67.00%) of the respondents were having extrovert personality with medium (59.50%) attitude towards delegation of authority, low (38.50%) achievement motivation. They also reported having medium (48.50%) job involvement, medium (49.00%) job satisfaction, medium (40.50%) perception of work load and medium (52.50%) job stress . The findings on the managerial abilities of the FPO staff revealed that majority of the respondents were having medium (53.50%) planning ability, medium (59.50%) organizing ability, medium (56.00 %) directing ability, medium (70.00%) communicating ability, medium (66.00%) supervising ability and medium (56.00 %) coordinating ability. On an overall, majority (60.00%) of the respondent were having medium managerial abilities. The findings of the role performance of the FPO staff reported that (52.50%) of the respondents were having medium level of role performance and for attitude of the FPO staff towards the organization (53.00%) were having favorable attitude towards the organization. The results showed lack of trained manpower, lack of own office buildings, lack of transportation facilities, lack of godowns and store houses for storage, lack of enough capital, lack of government funds for promotion of FPOs, advance payment is required for getting inputs and sudden spurt in demand for inputs during the season were perceived as the most severe constraints among technical and operational, marketing, financial and input supply constraints, respectively. xiiiThesisItem Open Access A study on phytochemical profiling and antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2021-10) Saumya Jaiswal; Dr. Pankaj ChauhanABSTRACT Name: Saumya Jaiswal Id. No: 4890 Degree: M.Sc. Biotechnology Department: Department of Cell Biology Thesis title: “A study on phytochemical profiling and antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass)” In recent years researchers have been paid attention to find out new alternative sources of antimicrobial agents especially from plant sources. Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) is an aromatic medicinal plant in the family Poaceae. The main chemical components of lemon grass are: myrcene, geranial, limonene, citronellol, neral, caffeic acid, citral have been used extensively for many years in soap, perfumery, and detergents and pharmaceuticals. Phytochemical screening of the plant leaf reveals that the presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, tannins and glycosides. Different leaf extracts of Cymbopogon citratus leaves were prepared and its antimicrobial activity were evaluated by agar well diffusion method against both Bacterial species such as: Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli as well as Fungi pathogens such as: Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Penicillium Chrysogenum. The antimicrobial activity of crude methanolic, ethanolic, acetone and aqueous extract of C. citratus was evaluated to find the zone of inhibition, so that Antimicrobial activity of various extract of leaves of Cymbopogon citratus was carried in attempt to develop a new pharmaceutical drug from natural origin for prevention of pathogenic microbes. Key words: Cymbopogon citratus, Lemon grass, Phytochemicals, Zone of Inhibition, Extract, Microbes (Saumya Jaiswal) (Pankaj Chauhan) Id.No.4890 Advisor Curriculum Vitae Saumya Jaiswal Contact Address:ThesisItem Open Access A study on phytochemical profiling and antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass)(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2021-10) Saumya Jaiswal; Dr. Pankaj ChauhanABSTRACT Name: Saumya Jaiswal Id. No: 4890 Degree: M.Sc. Biotechnology Department: Department of Cell Biology Thesis title: “A study on phytochemical profiling and antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass)” In recent years researchers have been paid attention to find out new alternative sources of antimicrobial agents especially from plant sources. Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) is an aromatic medicinal plant in the family Poaceae. The main chemical components of lemon grass are: myrcene, geranial, limonene, citronellol, neral, caffeic acid, citral have been used extensively for many years in soap, perfumery, and detergents and pharmaceuticals. Phytochemical screening of the plant leaf reveals that the presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, tannins and glycosides. Different leaf extracts of Cymbopogon citratus leaves were prepared and its antimicrobial activity were evaluated by agar well diffusion method against both Bacterial species such as: Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli as well as Fungi pathogens such as: Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Penicillium Chrysogenum. The antimicrobial activity of crude methanolic, ethanolic, acetone and aqueous extract of C. citratus was evaluated to find the zone of inhibition, so that Antimicrobial activity of various extract of leaves of Cymbopogon citratus was carried in attempt to develop a new pharmaceutical drug from natural origin for prevention of pathogenic microbes. Key words: Cymbopogon citratus, Lemon grass, Phytochemicals, Zone of Inhibition, Extract, Microbes (Saumya Jaiswal) (Pankaj Chauhan) Id.No.4890 AdvisorThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON TECHNOLOGICAL GAP AND CONSTRAINTS ANALYSIS IN CABBAGE CULTIVATION OF WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2021) Dheerendra Kumar; Dheerendra KumarS. V. P. University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut-250110 (U. P.) Name of students: Dheerendra Kumar ID. No. – PG/A-3720/2016-17 Degree: Ph. D (Agril. Ext. and Comm.) Admission – 2016 - 2017 Advisor: Dr. Dan Singh (Deptt - Agricultural Extension and Communication) Topic: A Study on Technological Gap and Constraints Analysis in Cabbage Cultivation of Western Uttar Pradesh Abstract The present study was carried out during the year 2019-20 in four blocks of Meerut and Hapur district of Western Uttar Pradesh. This study was done up on 200 respondents of different categories and data were collected through personal interview. The study revealed that the majority of cabbage growers (59.00 per cent) were belonged to middle age group, (54.50 per cent) belonged to Other Backward Caste, (22.50 and 22.50 per cent) respectively were having education up to 10th passed and intermediate level, (90.00 per cent) were married, (73.50 per cent) belonging to joint family system, (64.00 per cent) were having 5 to 8 members in family, (93.00 per cent) were having Pucca house, (96.00 per cent) respondents were engaged in agriculture as main occupation, (28.00 per cent) respondents were having membership of only one social organization, (39.50 per cent) were having 1 to 2 ha of land, (47.00 per cent) were using own electric tube well/diesel engine for irrigation, (99.00 per cent) were having toilets, (94.50 per cent) were having Gas stove/Gas cylinder for food making, (85.50 per cent) were having Motorcycle as transportation facility, (47.00 per cent) were having tractor-trolly and major source of information as extension Contact was found neighbors/ relative, while major source of information as mass media contact was found news paper. The most of the respondents earning income between Rs. 1 - 2 lakhs per annum. The study revealed that most of respondents were having high knowledge about package of practices in cabbage crop cultivation. The study also revealed that most of respondents were fully adopting of package of practices of cabbage crop cultivation in research area. The study revealed that the overall technological gap between knowledge and adoption level of respondents was found (18.49 per cent) with regard to improved cultivation package of practices in cabbage crop. The majority of the respondents (87.50 per cent) were reported ‘good quality seed is not available at governmental seed sale centre under input constraints, majority of the respondents (72.50 per cent) were reported “Lack of whole family approach for development” under extension constraints, majority of the respondents (64.50 per cent) were reported “lack of knowledge about improved varieties” under technological constraints, majority of the respondents (80.50 per cent) were reported “day by day fluctuation in market price” under marketing constraints and the majority of respondents (69.00 per cent) were reported that “Unavailability of labour at proper time” under miscellaneous constraints. The variable “Education” was found highly significant correlated with knowledge level and moderate significant correlated with adoption level. Advisor Author Dr. Dan Singh Dheerendra KumarThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON TECHNOLOGICAL GAP AND CONSTRAINTS IN POTATO PRODUCTION IN HAPUR DISTRICT OF UTTAR PRADESH(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHNOLOGY MEERUT -250110 (U.P.), INDIA, 2016) ANKIT SINGH YADAV; Dr. R.N. YadavS.V.P University of Agriculture and Technology Meerut- 250110 (U.P.) INDIA. Name of student : Ankit Singh Yadav Id. No : 1384 Admission : 2014-2015 Degree : M.Sc. (Ag.) Agricultural Extension Thesis title : “A study on technological gap and constraints in potato production in Hapur district of Uttar Pradesh.” Advisor : Dr. R.N. Yadav Degree Awarding University: S.V.P University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut-250110 (U.P.), India. ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “A study on technological gap and constraints in potato production in Hapur district of Uttar Pradesh.” was conducted in the year 2015-16 with the help of the following objectives, socio-economic profile of potato growers, knowledge level of potato growers regarding potato production technology, adoption level of potato growers regarding potato production technology, constraints in adoption of potato production technology and suitable extension strategies to promote the quality potato. The results of the study depicted that the majority of the potato growers were found upper middle age category group of 46-60 years (48.75 percent), other backward caste (60.00 percent), married (95.00 percent), literate (92.50 percent), joint families (65.00 percent), families size of medium category 5-8 members (61.25 percent), Pucca type of housing pattern ( 88.75 percent), the medium respondents with a land holding 4 to 10 hectare (36.25 percent), owned irrigation sources (59.00 percent). It was also observed that of agriculture is main occupation (91.25 percent), and business as subsidiary occupations with (16.25 percent), respectively. The maximum (66.25 percent) potato growers were found no participation in formal organization. The maximum (51.25 percent), respondents were use as small dairy size and (38.75 percent), respondents were found such who had the earning annual income of Rs. 50,001/-to Rs. 1,00,000/-.The mobile phone (96.25 percent),and television (77.50 percent), was found as main communication media with the potato growers. The maximum number of respondent (77.50 percent ),was found in medium level of economic motivation. The knowledge level of potato growers regarding potato production technology, the most of the potato growers regarding potato cultivation practices were having medium level and regarding plant protection practices were having at low level. The potato respondents faced the constraints in adoption of potato production technology i.e. maximum respondents were related to lack of knowledge about plant protection measures (76.25 percent), less number of production technology/ information training centres (75.00 percent), no availability of high yielding varieties (71.25 percent), lack of knowledge about balance fertilizer application (63.75percent),Government tube wells are not available (61.25 percent), higher labour wage (55.00 percent)in the study area. Name and Signature of advisor Name and Signature of student Dr. R.N. Yadav Ankit Singh YadavThesisItem Open Access “Accumulation of heavy metals in rice grains in Western Uttar Pradesh”(SARDARVALLABH BHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE MEERUT 250110, 2020) Singh, Shailendra Pratap; Dixit, RekhaRice is an excellent staple food which contains vitamins and minerals such as vitamins E & B and potassium needed for human growth and development and it is one of the important food of the half of the human race. However, heavy metal contamination in rice and other crops is threatening the quality of these crops and the health of consumers. Due to industrialization and other human activities, environmental pollution with chemicals is increasing and this has led to the contamination of agricultural product. Heavy metal contamination has been associated with adverse effects such as damages to the nervous system, kidneys, liver, lungs and other vital organs in humans and animals. With dietary intake as one of the major routes of heavy metal exposure to human, there is the need to investigate the levels of these metals in our foods. Keeping these aspects in mind the present study was planned to establish the concentrations of harmful heavy metals such as (arsenic, cadmium and lead etc.) in rice sold on the Indian market. The present study included 23 rice sample is collected from some of the agricultural field in western part of Utter Pradesh. Samples were homogenized and digested for analysis using a microwave digester. The concentrations of the heavy metals (As, Cd Pb and Cr etc.) were analyzed using Inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results indicated that, the Arsenic concentration in rice grains samples, paddy, brown and milled rice obtained concentrations which ranged from 0.041 to 2.75ppm with an average of 0.120ppm, 0.021 to 0.169ppm with an average of 0.068ppm, 0.013 to 0.133ppm with an average of 0.068ppm respectively. The cadmium concentration in rice grain sample range in paddy, brown and milled rice is 0.006 to 0.80ppm with an average of 0.030ppm, 0.006 to 0.078ppm with an average of 0.0245ppm, 0.006 to 0.061ppm with an average of 0.0243ppm, 0.006 to 0.061ppm with an average of 0.0243ppm respectively. The lead concentration in paddy, brown and milled rice grain sample is in range of 0.03 to 0.414ppm average of 0.123ppm, 0.003 to 0.250ppm average of 0.075ppm, 0.000 to 0.144ppm average of 0.50ppm respectively. And chromium concentration is in range of paddy, brown and milled rice grain sample is in range 18.613to 63.369ppm with an average of 39.340ppm, 0.388 to 8.585ppm with an average of 1.313ppm, 0.123 to 1.712 ppm with an average of 0.38ppm respectively. Heavy metals in all the rice samples evaluated were found to be below the World Health Organization (WHO) maximum permissible limit for Arsenic and lead. But in case of cadmium, the concentration was slightly higher. This indicates that consumption of rice from these fields may not induce any adverse health effects.ThesisItem Open Access ADSORPTION – DESORPTION BEHAVIOR OF ZINC IN SOILS UNDER PROMINENT CROPPING SYSTEMS OF WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2023-07) SHIVAM SINGH; Dr. Satendra KumarName: Shivam Singh Id. No. : 5405 Major: Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Degree: Ph.D. Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Thesis title: “Adsorption–Desorption behavior of Zn in soils under the prominent cropping systems of western U.P.” ABSTRACT Zinc (Zn) among the nine essential micronutrients required for proper growth and development of plants. It plays important roles in carbohydrate metabolism, maintenance of cell turgidity, protein synthesis, auxin regulation and pollen formation. According to recent estimate, about 43% of Indian cultivated soils are deficient in Zn, which is playing an important role as limiting factor in crop productivity and quality of the produce. The availability of Zn depends upon various physico-chemical factors of the soil however, its recovery on its application is very low especially on the buffered soil respective to the cropping system when are cropped for the longer period. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the adsorption-desorption behaviour of Zn in the soils under western UP of prominent cropping system. To achieve the objectives of our study firstly, the soil were sampled from the farmers field at various locations of western UP at three different depths (0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm) who were practicing the specific cropping system from the last 10-12 years. The soils were analyzed for various physico-chemical properties, of which pH, organic carbon, available nitrogen, exchangeable potassium, clay content, available phosphorous, texture, cation exchange capacity and percentage calcium carbonate are the factors which affect the sorption phenomena. To understand the adsorption phenomena, four adsorption isotherms were studied (Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin - Radushkevich Adsorption Isotherm). Freundlich and Langmuir both Isotherm revealed that Zn is adsorbed monolayered (sugarcane - ratoon – wheat) as well as multilayered (sugarcane - ratoon - wheat - rice). Monolayer formation of Zn depends upon the clay content while multilayered formation depends upon the silt content along with calcium carbonate and cation exchange capacity. It is evident from the Temkin Isotherm that the spontaneous bond formation takes place with the release of energy under all the soils of different cropping system however, the approach of Zn towards all the soils was physisorption instead of chemisorption. Keywords: Adsorption, Desorption, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin - Radushkevich Adsorption Isotherm (Satendra Kumar) (Shivam Singh) Advisor AuthorThesisItem Open Access AN IMPACT STUDY ON QUALITY PARAMETERS OF BASMATI RICE CULTIVATION IN SHAHJAHANPUR DISTRICT OF UTTAR PRADESH(SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2021-10) MOHIT KUMAR PANDEY; Dr. Dan SinghDEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AND COMMUNICATION S.V.P. University of Agriculture and Technology Meerut-250110 (U.P.) INDIA Name of student : Mohit Kumar Pandey Id. No. : 4806 Admission : 2019-2020 Degree : M. Sc. (Ag.) Major : Agricultural Extension & Communication Minor : Agronomy S.V.P.U.A&T., Meerut 250110 Advisor : Dr. Dan Singh ABSTRACT Thesis title : “An impact study on quality parameters of basmati rice cultivation in Shahjahanpur district of Uttar Pradesh.” The present study was carried out during the year 2020-2021, in Shahjahanpur districts of Uttar Pradesh. It was observed that 72.50 per cent basmati rice growers were observed in the middle age category with their ages ranging between 25 to 50 years, most of the basmati rice growers were educated, 65.83 per cent other backward caste, 88.33 per cent married, 74.16 per cent living in joint family system, 60.83 per cent having medium size of family, 90.00 per cent having pucca house, most of basmati rice growers were belonged to small and marginal farmers category, 91.66 per cent basmati rice growers possessed main occupation was farming, 18.34 per cent had membership in one organization, 50.00 per cent basmati rice growers having private electric tube well, 40.83 per cent were belonging to income group of Rs. 1,00,001 to 2,00,000, The maximum basmati rice growers were having medium knowledge about recommended package of practices in basmati rice production, these were higher in land preparation and use of green manures in basmati rice production. The maximum basmati rice growers had moderate level of adoption of recommended package of practices in basmati rice production. These were, however, higher in case of use of balanced fertilizers and selection of improved varieties. Wide gap was found between knowledge and adoption in use of green manures in basmati rice cultivation, while lowest technological gap was found in use of recommended soil in basmati rice cultivation Most important reasons behind the non-adaptation of recommended package of practices of basmati rice were high cost of seeds and chemicals, lack of guidance about recommended doses of chemicals and their application. (Dr. Dan Singh) (Mohit Kumar Pandey) Advisor Student VITAE