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2013 - 20153
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Economic analysis of wheat production in Meerut district of Western Uttar Pradesh
    (Sardar Vallabhbhi Patel Universiy of Agriculture And Technology Meerut (U.P.), 2013) KUMAR, GAURAV; H.L. SINGH; Raghuvir Singh, Dan Singh
    Wheat is one of the most important food crops grown in the world. India’s position in the world wheat scenario is concerned, it ranked second after China. India accounted for about 12.29 per cent of the world acreage under wheat and about 11.77 per cent its production. Its production has increased substantially from 6.46 million tonnes in the year 1950-51 to 87.42 million tonnes in the year 2011-12 and contribution to the total food grain production has increased from 18 per cent to about 34 per cent during the same period. In India, Uttar Pradesh producing 30.0 million tonnes of wheat from the 9.64 million hectare area with productivity of 3.11tonnes per hectare during 2011-12, stands on first rank in the production. Among different agro climatic zones, Western Uttar Pradesh is the leading producer of wheat with10.91million tonnes during the year 2011-12 and contributed to be 36.36 percent in the total production of Uttar Pradesh. The crux of the problem of increasing agricultural production in any area is to increase the output per unit of input. The cost of cultivation is an important economic indicator being taken by the government of India while fixing procurements and minimum support prices for various agricultural commodities. But, wide variations have been noticed in the cost of cultivation of crops, which varies from region to region and even from farmer to farmer of given regions. The study of cost and returns provide the idea of profitability and could be a yard stick to planners and policy makersThe present study was attempt on “Economic analysis of Wheat Production in Meerut District of Western Uttar Pradesh” with the following objectives (i) To know the socio economic profile of the sample household. (ii) To work out the costs and returns of Wheat production for different size group of farms. (iii) To identify the Marketing channel and work out price spread of wheat on different size group of farms. From the purposely selected district than blocks on the basis of highest area and production under the crop, four villages were selected randomly from the selected blocks, a complete list of the farmer were prepared and then categorized into four categories i.e. marginal, small, medium and large on the basis of size of holding. From the total wheat growers, 100 respondents were selected in probability proportion from their population, for the collection of data. Suitable statistical tools were employed to meet the objective. The major socio economic factor identified were family size, monthly income, size of holding, education level, cropping pattern and farm assets. The condition of large farmer found better than to other category farmers because of more holding size, highly qualified, more assets and more number of income sources, than that of medium following by small and marginal. The cost of cultivation of wheat was amounted to be Rs. 52965 per hectare, and the share of variable and fixed cost was 50.91 percent 6.24 percent. Among the variable cost highest expenditure was observed on human labour 19.08 percent, rental value of land alone accounted about 34 percent of the total cost. The total cost of cultivation was found positive relationship. Contribution of cost A was 51.93 percent to total cost, cost A2, B1, B2, C1 and C2 were found inversely related with size of farm. The average yield and benefit-cost ratio was found to be 41.72 quintal/hectare and 1.14.The benefit-cost ratio was highest 1.18 for the large farmers and lowest 1.13 for the marginal. The five marketing channel of wheat were identified and among these fifth channel was observed to be more efficient because the producer share in consumer rupees was highest in channel 5th (96.88 percent) followed by channel 1st (95.38 percent), channel 4th (80.79 percent), channel 2nd (80.00 percent) and channel 3rd (74.30 percent). The study price spread was found to be lowest (Rs.40.00) in channel 5th and highest for channel 3rd (Rs.415.00). It means as decrease the number of middleman from the marketing, marketing efficiency will improve and vice-versa
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF POST-HARVEST CHEMICAL AND HORMONAL TREATMENTS ON REGULATION OF RIPENING AND POST-HARVEST QUALITY OF DASHEHARI MANGO (Mangifera indica L.) UNDER AMBIENT CONDITIONS
    (Sardar Vallabhbhi Patel Universiy of Agriculture And Technology Meerut (U.P.), 2015) KUMAR, GAURAV; Satya Prakash; Arvind Kumar, Samsher,Manoj Kr. Singh
    The post-harvest study in Dashehari mango was carried out in post-harvest laboratory of the department of Horticulture during 2013–14 with a view to find out the effect of post-harvest chemical and hormonal treatments on regulation of ripening and post-harvest quality of Dashehari mango under ambient condition. Among the post-harvest treatments, silver nitrate was most effective in delaying the ripening. The lower concentration of silver nitrate with or without carbendazim was responded better in delaying the ripening as compared to higher concentration. However, silver nitrate treated fruits had poor fruit quality. Among the treatments, the fruits treated with silver nitrate had very soft pulp near the endocarp, while the fruits treated with dehydrated calcium chloride had firm pulp near the endocarp. On the other hand post-harvest application of ethrel 750ppm + carbendazim 0.1% significantly enhanced the ripening and improved the post-harvest quality of fruits. Addition of carbendazim in the treatments significantly improved the fruit quality in comparison with treatments without carbendazim. Based on the results obtained from the aforesaid study, it may be concluded that post-harvest application of 750ppm ethrel + 0.1% carbendazim proved to be most effective in regulating the ripening and enhancing the post-harvest quality of Dashehari mango. The fruits treated with this treatment had maintained highly acceptable quality in terms of external appearance, pulp quality, skin shrivelling, organoleptic quality, decay loss and bio-chemical parameters. This study also revealed maximum delay in ripening with post-harvest application of silver nitrate. However, post-harvest quality of fruits deteriorated with silver nitrate treatment. This indicates that fruit quality is affected due to the delay in ripening of mango fruits caused by silver ion.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON SELECTION PARAMETERS FOR YIELD IMPROVEMENT IN INDIAN MUSTARD [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss.]
    (Sardar Vallabhbhi Patel Universiy of Agriculture And Technology Meerut (U.P.), 2015) KUMAR, GAURAV; Mukesh Kumar; Pooran Chand, S.A. Kerkhi,S.K. Singh,Manoj Kumar Yadav
    The present investigation entitled, “Studies on Selection Parameters for Yield Improvement in Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss.]” involving twenty five genotypes was undertaken to examine the genetic variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation coefficient, path coefficient analysis and genetic divergence. All the twenty five Indian mustard genotypes were grown in randomized block design with 3 replications in 5 rows plot of 5 meter length, with row to row and plant to plant spacing of 45cm and 15cm, respectively during rabi 2013-14. Observations were recorded on various characters viz; days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, plant height, length of main raceme, number of siliquae on main raceme, number of seeds per siliqua, siliquae length, seed yield per plant, test weight, and oil content. Analysis of variance revealed substantial amount of variability among the genotypes for all the characters, under study, indicated wide spectrum of variability among the genotypes. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed for plant height, seed yield per plant and test weight and moderate was observed for number of secondary branches per plant, number of siliquae on main raceme and siliquae length, While, low GCV and PCV was observed for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of primary branches per plant, length of main raceme, number of seeds per siliquae and oil content. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance were observed for number of secondary branches per plant, length of main raceme, number of siliquae on main raceme, seed yield per plant and test weight. Improvement in seed yield can be made by selecting these yield contributed traits having high heritability coupled with high genetic advance. Seed yield per plant exhibited significant and positive association with test weight, oil content, number of secondary branches per plant, plant height and length of main raceme at both genotypic and phenotypic level. This might be due to linkage of genes determining these characters. Thus, it can be inferred that selection based on any one of these characters either alone or in combination, will help to identifying high yielding genotypes. Genotypic correlation was of higher magnitude as compare to their corresponding phenotypic correlation in most of the character combination, thereby, suggesting strong inherent association between genotypic and phenotypic level. Path coefficient analysis showed that number of secondary branches per plant, plant height, length of main raceme, test weight and oil content were the most important characters, controlling directly to seed yield. Whereas, days to maturity, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, plant height, length of main raceme, number of siliquae on main raceme and test weight characters may improve seed yield indirectly. Mahalanobis D2 statistic revealed considerable genetic diversity among the genotypes. The genotypes grouped into four clusters. The I and III cluster having the maximum number of genotypes (7 each). This envisage that the genotypes grouped within a particular cluster are more or less genetically similar to each other and apparent wide diversity is mainly due to the remaining genotype distributed over rest of the other cluster. In the present study, the maximum inter cluster distance was revealed between cluster I and II (4.145). The least inter cluster distance was revealed between cluster II and III (2.774). Divergence study suggested that crosses suggesting genotypes like Rohini, Maya, Kranti, RLM-619, RRN-505, CS-54, Pusa Basant, RGN-73, LET-18, RGN-48, Vaibhav, Arawali and Mathura Rai for getting desired segregants from breeding point of view.