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M. Sc. Dissertations

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2007 - 20096
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Subject: Seed Science and Technology × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2007 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of seed priming on viability and vigour of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) seed
    (CCSHAU, 2007) Maniktahla, Saurabh; Verma, S.S.
    In the present investigation, two seed lots of four varieties viz., HC2-85, HC3-8, HC98-64 and FS-68 were taken and grouped into two seed lots on the basis of germination percentage. The lot which showed germination percentage above the Indian Minimum Seed Certification Standard (75.0 per cent) of cowpea were termed as good seed lot (L1) and which showed germination percentage below the Indian Minimum Seed Certification Standard of cowpea were termed as marginal seed lot (L2). All the eight seed lots were given the five pre-sowing seed treatments viz., hydration-dehydration (for 4 h), GA3 (50ppm), GA3 (100ppm), KNO3 (0.1%) and hydration-dehydration + thiram @ 3g/kg seed treatments and compared with control. The results revealed that marginal seed lot (L2) showed more improvement than good seed lot (L1) after pre-sowing seed treatments under laboratory and field conditions. Among the varieties, HC3-8 showed maximum improvement in standard germination while HC2-85 showed maximum improvement in seedling establishment. The results also predicted that the treatment GA3 (100 ppm) followed by hydration dehydration + thiram @ 3g/kg seed was found most effective in all the parameters except in root length in which hydration dehydration + thiram @ 3g/kg seed was found most effective among all the treatments.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on seed storability in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2007) Jha, Kailash Kumar; Kharb, R.P.S.
    Seeds of two groundnut cultivars MH-4 and MH-34 were dried to about 5% moisture content and stored with or without shells under ambient as well as controlled conditions in gunny bags and polythene bags to determine their effect on storage potential of seed samples. Germination was recorded quarterly and it did not differ among seed samples stored for upto 6 months, but afterwards both germination and vigour index exhibited significant reduction, irrespective of the storage environment and packaging material. At the end of storage period (12 months), the reduction in the values of germination ranged from 19.5-39.6 per cent among different combinations of storage factors. Samples stored in polythene bags and controlled conditions maintained the minimum seed certification standards even after 12 months of storage period and this combination found superior to others for storage of groundnut produce. In order to standardize the accelerated ageing technique, it was observed that as the temperature and ageing period advanced, the germination percentage declined in both kernels and pods. Maximum reduction in germination was observed after 96 hours in kernels and 168 hours in pods at 41ºC. The germination percentages were below the minimum seeds standards for this crop. Thus these conditions were found optimum for performing accelerated ageing test to know the relative storability of seed lots of groundnut varieties. An effort was also made to assess the effect of seed priming treatments on field emergence. Present study revealed that seed treated with GA3 (50 ppm) gave comparatively better results among various treatments for the characters total field emergence and field emergence index in both the varieties while soaking in water in case of MH-4 and hydration dehydration in MH-34 reduced the overall mean germination time.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Characterization of hybrids and their parental lines in cotton(Gossypium spp.)
    (CCSHAU, 2007) Mohana Kumara. M.R.; Punia, R.C.
    In the present investigation, seven cotton hybrids and their parental lines were studied at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2006-2007.All the genotypes were studied for characterization based on morphological characters and laboratory techniques. The morphological characters such as Hypocotyl pigmentation, plant height, growth habit, stem hairiness, leaf shape, leaf appearance, leaf pubescence, leaf lobe number, boll surface, boll shape, boll colour,gossypol glands, petal colour, bract type, bract number of serration, anther colour, petal spotting, position of the stigma and petiole pigmentation were found as the most important parameters for characterization. The genotypes were also subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of total soluble seed proteins. The findings showed that SDS-PAGE of seed proteins resolve total of 23 bands which were present in different position with different intensity. Band number 19 was present only in Gossypium hirsutum genotypes differentiated from the Gossypium arboreum genotypes. The Flow charts were prepared based on morphological characters and protein fingerprints. The identification keys were also prepared on the stable morphological characters. All the genotypes were differentiated using morphological characters and protein molecular markers.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Seed quality assessment in desi cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2008) Jhamb, Rahul; Dahiya, O.S.
    In the present investigation, twenty seed lots of desi cotton variety viz., HD-123 was taken and divide into two groups (having 10 lots each) on the basis of germination percentage. The lot which showed germination percentage above Indian Minimum Seed Certification Standard (65.0 per cent) of cotton were termed as good seed group (A) and which showed germination percentage less than Indian Minimum Seed Certification Standard (65.0 per cent) of cotton were termed as marginal seed group (B). All the twenty seed lots of both the groups were subjected to various viability, vigour and biochemical tests and observations were recorded on standard germination, speed of germinaion, vigour index – I , vigour index – II, electrical conductivity, accelerated ageing, tetrazolium test, lipid peroxidation, catalase, superoxide dismutase, dehydrogenase activity, seedling establishment, mean emergence time and field emergence index. Results revealed that significant mean sum of squares and ‘t’ – calculated values showed the wide variation among the seed lots for all parameters studied. The lot 9th showed the highest mean value for all parameters except lipid peroxidation and electrical conductivity; on the other hand lot 20th has lowest mean values for most of parameters except lipid peroxidation and electrical conductivity. Superoxide dismutase and catalase are antioxidant enzymes and positively associated with seed quality where as lipid peroxidation had adverse effect on seed quality. There is no change in seed storage protein profile of good and marginal seed lots. An effort was also made to enhance the value of marginal seed lots by giving priming treatments. It was revealed that priming with water (hydration-dehydration) significantly, improve the standard germination speed of emergence, seedling establishment and mean emergence time by boosting the repair mechanism of seed. On the other hand, GA3 acid and ascorbic acid has adverse effect on seed quality.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Varietal characterization based on morphological and biochemical techniques in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2009) Jain, Umesh Kumar; Verma, S.S.
    In the present study, fifteen varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were characterized based on twelve morphological descriptors at Research Farm of Rice Research Station, Kaul and biochemical tests in the laboratories of Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2007-08. The study revealed that all the varieties of rice were identified on the basis of morphological parameters viz. leaf colour, plant habit, flag leaf angle, node base colour, awning, colour of lemma & palea, length of awning, 100-seed weight (g) and 50% days of flowering, response to different chemicals (Phenols, Modified phenols with Cu++ or Fe++ or Na2CO3, NaOH and FeSO4). The study revealed that leaf pigmentation, hairiness of leaf sheath and leaf blade, secondary branching of panicle and KOH-bleach test were not found much helpful in distinguishing the rice varieties. It was also observed that individual morphological parameter or chemical test was not able to distinguish all the varieties. However, the combinations of different morphological and chemical tests were found useful in identification of individual variety. The results also revealed that Tris-HCl buffer soluble seed storage proteins of fifteen rice varieties were analyzed using SDS-PAGE and found the resultant banding patterns enabled identification of all varieties confirming the distinguishing power of this procedure for varietal identification of rice. Hence, it could be used as a powerful tool to identify every genotype in a short period of time. It is, therefore, concluded that the morphological parameters and biochemical tests could be used for genetic purity testing in rice.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Seed quality evaluation in American cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2009) Madhu D.R.; Punia, R.C.
    Seed quality plays an important role in the crop establishment and overall performance of the crop. With an array of possible viability and vigour tests available, appropriate procedures of evaluating seed performance is a very difficult job but a necessity. Keeping these aspect in view present investigation is carried out to evaluate different seed lots of American cotton and comparative efficacy of seed viability and vigour test as predictor of standard germination and seedling establishment. The eighteen seed lots of three varieties were subjected to various viability, vigour tests with three replications, and observations were recorded on standard germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, vigour index – I , vigour index – II, seed weight, seed density, electrical conductivity, dehydrogenase activity, tetrazolium test, pH exudates test, accelerated ageing, field emergence index and seedling establishment. Results revealed that significant mean squares values showed the wide variation among the seed lots for all parameters studied. Among all the 18 seed lots 15th seed lot has been found superior for all the viability and vigour parameters except seedling length, vigour index-1, seed weight, seed density. On the contrary, 8th and 11th seed lots found to be inferior for all the viability and vigour parameters except seedling length, seed weight, seed density. In respect of varieties, H-1226 was found to be superior for most of the parameters whereas H-1117 was found to be inferior for most of the parameters. All the parameters were significantly correlated with standard germination (except seed weight) and seedling establishment (except seed weight and seed density). The electrical conductivity significantly and negatively correlated with standard germination and seedling establishment. Tetrazolium test followed by vigour index-2 showed highest reliabilityfor prediction of standard germination whereas standard field emergence index followed by tetrazolium test njshowed the highest reliability for prediction of seedling establishment. pH exudate test, tetrazolium test and vigour index-2 had highest positive direct effect on standard germinatin, seedling establishment and seedling dry weight respectively. Correlation coefficient analysis, regression analysis and path coefficient analysis revealed that vigour and viability parameters like tetrazolium test, DHA test, vigour indices, electrical conductivity, accelerated ageing, pH test and seedling dry weight can be used as reliable predictors of standard germination and seedling establishment in American cotton. The pH exudates test and tetrazolium test were preferably most suitable because of easy, quick and cost effective in their execution.