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Subject: Tree Improvement and Genetic Resource × Start date: 1972 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC DIVERSITY OF INDIAN WILLOW (Salix tetrasperma Roxb.)
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-12) SHARMA, JAI PAL; SANKHYAN, H P
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Genetic Diversity of Indian Willow (Salix tetrasperma Roxb.)” was carried out in the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources, Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2015-2019 to assess the genetic diversity among various genotypes through morphological and molecular markers. Genotypes of the species from northern India were evaluated in common garden experiment. These were grouped into five latitudinal and four altitudinal ranges for morphological study and five populations for studying population diversity and structure. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes, sites, latitudes and altitude ranges for all the traits. The plant height, basal diameter and biomass characters were recorded maximum for Suhanpur site.Number of nodes, internodal length and root length was recorded maximum for Devamanal, Rupnagar and Chamba sites, respectively. Udaipur and Bhunter sites recorded maximum foliage durations and sprouting days, respectively. Whereas, Devamanal site showed longest lamina and leaf length and Udaipur recorded maximum breadth of lamina. Dasua recorded maximum petiole length and Udaipur highest leaf area. Numbers of leaf teeth were observed maximum for Jammu site. The variability estimates exhibited high variability, high heritability along with genetic advance as percentage of mean. Linear regression analysis depicted that only characters foliage duration, leaf area and root length were under the influence of latitude. Whereas basal diameter, internodal length, number of nodes, maximum breadth of lamina, leaf area and all the biomass characters were affected by altitude. Principal component analysis extracted 82.85 percent of the total variance in five components. In genetic divergence studies 21 sites could be grouped into three clusters based on Ward’s method, separating sites of Punjab and Rajasthan from others. UPGMA dendrogram categorized all the genotypes used into five, four and three clusters with RAPD, ISSR and SSR markers, respectively. RAPD primers viz., OPC-02, OPL-08, OPL-09, OPA-01, DECA7, OPS-07, OPA-02; ISSR primers viz., UBC835, 814, ISSR1, ISSR7, 840, ISSR94, ISSR98, ISSR91 and SSR primers viz., SB100, ORPM28, ORPM21, WPMS18, WPMS03, ORPM488, ORPM496, PTR1 were found to be desirable due to higher polymorphic information content, marker index, resolving power, expected heterozygosity and are further suggested for genetic differentiation studies in willows. Higher observed heterozygosity than expected heterozygosity and negative fixation index through SSR markers confirmed outcrossing nature of the species. Phi-statistics of ISSR and F- Statistics of SSR revealed more variation among individuals within populations than among populations. The genetic differentiation (Fst) was significant and moderate with ISSR (0.138) and SSR (0.081) markers. Pairwise population of gene flow (Nm) values based on Fst values among populations showed the effect of geographic distance on migration of alleles. Pairwise population matrix of Nei genetic distance was obtained maximum between JK and HP1 populations. Bayesian clustering pattern through STRUCTURE software was supported by scatter plot diagram of principal coordinate analysis and dendrogram of molecular and morphological data.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    DEVELOPMENT OF HYBRIDS IN Bauhinia variegata
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-08) THAKUR, LALIT; THAKUR, I K
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Development of hybrids in Bauhinia variegata L.” was carried out in the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources, Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2015-2017. Plant material of 5 genotypes involving parents NA-7, PI-28, SU-11, JA-1 and DH-27 were taken from the already raised progeny trial of the species and control crosses (hybrids) were developed using 5×5 full diallel (including reciprocals) mating design. Seedlings of control crosses and parents were raised in the polybags in RBD with three replications. Various pod, seed and seedling characters were evaluated through heterosis, combining ability and gene action. The analysis of variance revealed considerable variability for different characters. Per cent successful crosses were highest (24.00%) in NA-7×PI-28, NA-7×SU-11, SU-11×NA-7 and SU-11×PI-28 and lowest (16.00%) were in NA-7× DH-27, SU11× JA-1, SU-11×DH-27 and DH-27×JA-1. Among parents maximum survival per cent was recorded in parents NA-7 and DH-27 i.e. 100.00 per cent whereas minimum in SU-11 (76.67%). Among crosses PI-28×NA-7, PI28×SU-11, DH-27×NA-7, NA-7×SU-11, DH-27×PI-28, SU-11×DH-27 and JA-1×DH-27 recorded maximum (86.67%) survival whereas minimum (43.44%) survival was noted in DH-27×JA-1. Full diallel analysis for combining ability revealed that NA-7 and PI-28 were found good general combiners for most of the characters. On the basis of mean performance, heterosis over better parent and significant desirable SCA effects for morphological characters the cross combinations NA-7×PI-28 (direct cross) and PI-28×NA-7 (reciprocal cross) were found to be the most promising. The pod length, pod width and number of seeds per pod showed the predominance of additive gene action in controlling the expression of these characters. Both the GCA and SCA variances were highly significant for seed weight per pod, seed width and seed length indicating the existence of variability due to both additive and non-additive (dominant or epistatic) gene(s) effects. The GCA: SCA (ơ2g/ ơ2s) ratio indicated the importance of additive gene action over non-additive gene action governing these characters. Seedling height and collar diameter revealed the predominant role of additive gene action in governing these characters. Both GCA and SCA variances were significant for number of leaves per plant, petiole length, leaf area, number of branches per plant and internodal length indicating the existence of variability due to both additive and non-additive (dominance and/or epistasis) gene(s) effects. The estimates of GCA: SCA (ơ2g/ ơ2s) ratio indicated the importance of non-additive gene action over additive genetic gene action governing these characters. Significantly high reciprocal variance was found in number of leaves per plant. Out of 19 RAPD primers three were successful in confirming hybridity.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STUDIES ON COMBINING ABILITY, GENE ACTION AND HETEROSIS IN Bauhinia variegata L.
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2019-03) ASHINE, TESFAYE; THAKUR, I K
    ABSTRACT The present investigation entitled “Studies on combining ability, gene action and heterosis in Bauhinia variegata L” was carried out in the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources, Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan (H.P.) during 2016-2018. Plant material of 10 genotypes involving 6 female (P3,P8,P16,P24,P27and P32) and 4 male (P12,P13,P14 and P17) were taken from the already raised progeny trial of the species and control crossed using Line x Tester (6 x 4 factorial) mating design. Seedlings of control crosses were raised in the nursery in RBD and were evaluated for morphological and growth characters. Per cent successful cross was highest in P32 × P17 (62.50 %) and minimum in P8 × P13 (13.33 %). Maximum number of seeds per pod (9.97) was recorded in cross P 16 × P 12. Maximum germination percentage (94.12) in cross P3 x P12 and survival percentage (96.30) in P16 × P13 was recorded. Line x tester analysis for combining ability revealed that lineP16followed byP32,P27and P3and testerP17 followed byP14were found to be good general combiners. On the basis of heterosis over better parent, mean performance and significant desirable SCA effects for morphological and growth characters, the combinations P16 × P14,P32×P17 and P3 × P17were found to be the most promising families. The estimates of SCA variance (δ2SCA) were more than the GCA variance (δ2GCA) for most of the characters except forcollar diameter and number of branches. The gene action study revealed the importance of both additive as well as non-additive gene effects in the inheritance with preponderance of non-additive gene action. The proportional contribution of lines was higher than individual contribution of testers or line × tester interaction except for plant height, leaf area, internodal length, root fresh weight and root dryweight. Out of 25 RAPD primers fiveprimers weresuccessful in verifying hybridity. Signature of the Student Signature of Major Advisor (Tesfaye Ashine) (Dr. IK Thakur) Date:
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PROGENY ANALYSIS IN WILD POMEGRANATE (Punica granatum L.)
    (UHF,NAUNI, 2018-07) SINGH, THIYAM JEFFERSON; GUPTA, TARA
    ABSTRACT The study entitled “Progeny analysis in Wild Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)” was conducted in the Department of Tree Improvement and Genetic Resources during the year 2015-17 with the aim to evaluate the selected parent trees, fruits and nursery performance of the half sibs and full progeny. Selection of the trees based on fruit characteristics and pedigree analysis of hybrids using RAPD from the promising progenies. Three locations were randomly selected viz. Tatool (L1) district Solan, Narag (L2) and Daron (L3) district Sirmour (H.P). The fruit samples from Tatool location proclaimed assuring fruit length (56.36 mm) and width (53.30 mm) in tree number 2 with ovate shape which also has a promising average fruit weight of 47.43 g greater than the mean of all the locations with a desirable TSS value of 17.13. Maximum value in fruit traits were obtained from open pollination as compared to controlled cross combination for all the characters except fruit weight and fresh seed weight with aril. The maximum fresh seed weight with aril was recorded from genotype L3T2 having ovate fruits. The nursery stage growth of the half sib seedlings from L3T3 and L3T5 have shown promising mean height of 62.05 cm and highest mean collar diameter of 5.32 mm respectively. So, the half sibs from Daron location performed best for seedling height as compared to the half sibs from other location. The fruit borer incidence of 9.67 % was recorded from Daron location tree number 1, bearing oval fruits followed by two other genotype with oval shape also resulted in lesser incidence of the borer. The highest titrable acidity was recorded from genotype L3T3 with elliptical shape which is beneficial for Anardana/condiments processing. The tree genotypes bearing ovate and elliptical shaped fruits can be preferred for better fruit size selection. High heritability was observed for percent germination and seedling height at six month age. Reputed fresh weight of seed without aril and germination percent was observed in L2T2 X L3T3 crosses indicating favourable growth of the seedlings. The cross combination L1T1 X L2T1 has proved to be better with respect to fruit quality biochemical estimates. The fruit from the crosses viz. L2T4 X L2T1 and L2T2 X L2T1 have shown lesser incidences of the borer attack. High genotypic coefficient of variability, heritability, genetic advance and genetic gain were observed for fresh weight of fruit, fresh rind weight, rind thickness and number of leaves per seedlings. The hybrids so obtained were tested for their pedigree using 21 RAPD markers of which 3 primers revealed the clue for hybridity. RAPD banding pattern obtained after the amplification of genomic DNA of parent trees and their seven hybrids expressed the similar patterns.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ROOTSTOCSKS, MOISTURE LEVELS AND PBRS ON GRWOTH, WALTER RELATIONS, PHYSIOLOGY AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF ALMOND PLANTS
    (COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY ; SOLAN, 1998) SHARMA, MAHENDER KUMAR; JOOLKA, N. K
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETICAL ANALYSIS OF WILD POMEGRANATE (PUNICA GRANATUM LINN.) FOR SOME GRWOTH, ECOLOGIAL AND QUALITY CHARACTERS
    (COLLEGE OF FORESTRY DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI, SOLAN, 1998) BHROT, NARENDER PARKASH; SARMA, P. L
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    VARIATION STUDIES AND PROVENANCE EVALUATION OF WILD POMEGRANATE (PUNICA GRANATUM L.)
    (COLLEGE OF FORESTRY DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI, SOLAN, 1995) PANT, KAHMIR SINGH; SARSWAT, C. V
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION OF JUVENILE SELECTIONS IN POPLARS
    (COLLEGE OF FORESTRY DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI, SOLAN, 1995) NARKHEDE, SATISHKUMAR; KHURANA, D. K
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF ALNUS NITIDA (ENDL.) THROUGH BIOTECHNOLOGICAL AND CONVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
    (COLLEGE OF FORESTRY DR. YASHWANT SINGH PARMAR UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURE AND FORESTRY NAUNI, SOLAN, 1994) HANDA, ARUN KUMAR; GAUTAM, P. L