Browsing by Author "NAGARAJU, N"
Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
Results Per Page
Sort Options
ThesisItem Open Access COMPARISON OF EXCISION ARTHROPLASTY, DENERVATION AND TRANS-FEMOROARTICULAR WIRING FOR HIP DYSPLASIA IN DOGS(SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517502. (A.P.) INDIA, 2019-09) NAGARAJU, N; SREENU, MAKKENA(MAJOR); VASANTH, M.S.; SRINIVAS, MANDA; RAJU, N.K.B.The present study was conducted on clinical cases of dogs with hip disorders viz, dysplastic hip, subluxated and luxated hips. Incidence of hip disorders was 13.31% of orthopedic cases and higher incidence of hip disorders was found in male dogs (62.12%) than in female dogs (37.87%) and breed wise higher incidence was noticed in Labrador retriever breed (28.28%) followed by Non-descriptive dogs (17.68%) whereas, the lowest incidence was observed in Chihuahua and Saint Bernard (1.01%) breeds of dogs. Higher incidence of hip disorders was observed in dogs aged above five years (47.47%) followed by dogs of age 0-1 year and between above one year to five years.Hip extended venterodorsal views of radiographs confirmed the dysplastic, osteoarthritic, subluxated and luxated hips. Dogs with hip disorders under the study were grouped into three groupsgroup I,group II and group III. Excision arthroplasty was done in group I dogs where femoral head and neck was excised and joint capsule was sutured to prevent bone contact between femur and acetabulum. Denervation done in group II dogs wherein craniodorsal gluteal nerves on acetabular rim were destroyed using bone curette. Trans-femoroarticular wiring was done in group III dogs for subluxated and luxated hips using nylon wiring. The dogs were followed up to 60 days. Hematobiochemical changes during the study period in all the three groups were non significant. Physiological parameters were non significant in all the three groups. All the dogs in group I were evidenced by grade I lameness by end of 60 days of study period, five dogs showed grade I lameness in group II and two dogs showed grade I lameness in group III dogs. Radiological evaluation in group I revealed clear gap between acetabulum and excised femoral part. In group II dogs, apparently no change in radiographs were observed during study period. In group III, dogs four dogs showed good apposition of acetabulum and head of femur and reluxation in two dogs. Operation procedures were very simple and less time consuming in group II followed by group I and group III dogs. Functional assessment of dogs by getting the owners feed back over period of six months revealed better results in group I and group II dog than group III dog owners.ThesisItem Open Access COMPARISON OF STAINLESS STEEL VERSUS ACRYLIC CONNECTING BAR FOR TYPE Ib EXTERNAL SKELETAL FIXATION FOR TIBIAL FRACTURE REPAIR IN DOGS(Karnataka Veterinary Animal And Fisheries Sciences University, Bidar, 2009) NAGARAJU, NTibia is covered by less musculature and being the important weight bearing bone predisposed for fracture next to femur and radius/ulna (Gorse, 1998). Tibial fracture accounts for 16% of all the long bone fractures (Harasen, 2003).ThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF TOMATO LEAF CURL VIRUS (ToLCV) INFECTED HOST PLANTS ON BIOLOGY OF THE VECTOR Bemisia tabaci Genn.(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BANGALORE, 2007-08-13) SHILPA, G.K; NAGARAJU, NTomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most popular and widely grown vegetable crop cultivated for its edible fruit and as a source of vitamin-A and C. Tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) disease and the vector whitefly Bemisia tabaci are two major constrains in tomato production. The present investigations have indicated indigenous whiteflies preferred brinjal and cotton over other hosts tested for oviposition. High oviposition of B. tabaci B-biotype was observed than indigenous type on all the host plants tested. In case of adult mortality, none of the B. tabaci 'B-biotype' whiteflies was dead on brinj al and cotton even after 72 hours of feeding period and however, least mortality was observed on pumpkin (0.4) and tomato (1.0) .Whereas indigenous B. tabaci, adult mortality was high on pumpkin (5.4) and tomato (6.5) and low on brinjal (1.0) , cotton (1.9) , cucumber (3.1) and weed host Euphorbia geniculata (3.4). Total developmental time was shorter in 'B- biotype' as compared to indigenous B. tabaci, and the time taken to complete a generation by B- biotype varied from 15 to 22 days, minimum time was observed on brinjal and cotton Both B. tabaci biotypes were significantly colonized and generated higher population (immature and adults) which was almost more than double the number on ToLCV infected tomato (1944.5 /plant) and ten times higher on ToLCV infected E. geniculata (6162.3/plant) than on healthy. The biochemical studies indicated that, the healthy leaves of tomato and E. geniculata had more quantities of chlorophyll (2.33 and 1.76 mg/gm wt, respectively), total sugars (32.81 and 35.80 mg/gm wt, respectively), phosphorous (1.96 and 1.17 per cent, respectively) and potassium (2.19 and 1.64 per cent, respectively) content than that of diseased samples. Higher constituents of proteins (16.47 and 19.46 mg/gm wt, respectively), phenols (2.24 and 2.02 mg/gm wt, respectively) and nitrogen (3.03 and 3.16 per cent, respectively) in ToLCV infected host plants may had significant effect on whitefly fecundity.ThesisItem Open Access INFLUENCE OF TOMATO LEAF CURL VIRUS (ToLCV) INFECTED HOST PLANTS ON BIOLOGY OF THE VECTOR Bemisia tabaci Genn.(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE, GKVK , BANGALORE, 2007-08) G.K., SHILPA,; NAGARAJU, NTomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most popular and widely grown vegetable crop cultivated for its edible fruit and as a source of vitamin-A and C. Tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) disease and the vector whitefly Bemisia tabaci are two major constrains in tomato production. The present investigations have indicated indigenous whiteflies preferred brinjal and cotton over other hosts tested for oviposition. High oviposition of B. tabaci B-biotype was observed than indigenous type on all the host plants tested. In case of adult mortality, none of the B. tabaci 'B-biotype' whiteflies was dead on brinj al and cotton even after 72 hours of feeding period and however, least mortality was observed on pumpkin (0.4) and tomato (1.0) .Whereas indigenous B. tabaci, adult mortality was high on pumpkin (5.4) and tomato (6.5) and low on brinjal (1.0) , cotton (1.9) , cucumber (3.1) and weed host Euphorbia geniculata (3.4). Total developmental time was shorter in 'B- biotype' as compared to indigenous B. tabaci, and the time taken to complete a generation by B- biotype varied from 15 to 22 days, minimum time was observed on brinjal and cotton Both B. tabaci biotypes were significantly colonized and generated higher population (immature and adults) which was almost more than double the number on ToLCV infected tomato (1944.5 /plant) and ten times higher on ToLCV infected E. geniculata (6162.3/plant) than on healthy. The biochemical studies indicated that, the healthy leaves of tomato and E. geniculata had more quantities of chlorophyll (2.33 and 1.76 mg/gm wt, respectively), total sugars (32.81 and 35.80 mg/gm wt, respectively), phosphorous (1.96 and 1.17 per cent, respectively) and potassium (2.19 and 1.64 per cent, respectively) content than that of diseased samples. Higher constituents of proteins (16.47 and 19.46 mg/gm wt, respectively), phenols (2.24 and 2.02 mg/gm wt, respectively) and nitrogen (3.03 and 3.16 per cent, respectively) in ToLCV infected host plants may had significant effect on whitefly fecundity.ThesisItem Open Access Molecular characterization of yellow mosaic virus on Pole bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and its disease management(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 41482) JEEVAN, B; NAGARAJU, NYellow mosaic, a begomovirus is the most important disease of pole bean. The complete coat protein gene sequences have been determined and are comprised of approximately 1000 nucleotides, the characterization of coat protein gene showed that, the Pole bean yellow mosaic virus showed highest sequence identity (99.7%) with French bean yellow mosaic virus (FbYMV) GKVK isolate. At amino acid level pole bean yellow mosaic virus isolate has 100 per cent homology with FbYMV GKVK isolate. The results obtained in the present study clearly indicates that YMV infecting pole bean at Bangalore is closely related to FbYMV GKVK isolate, rather than MYMV. The coat protein gene of Pole bean and French bean yellow mosaic virus isolates were sequenced assembled and its total length was determined as 920 bp. The actual length of coat protein gene of YMV infecting Pole bean and French bean in Bangalore isolates were determined by analogy with other YMVs infecting legumes in India as 889 bp and the length of the amino acid sequence is 257. YMV of pole bean can be managed effectively through an integrated module viz., border crop (BC) with African tall maize + seed treatment (ST) with Imidacloprid 70% WS (5.0 gm/kg seed) + use of reflective mulch (RM) + spraying of Lastraw at 5 ml/ lit at 30 days after sowing (DAS) (SP1) spraying of Triazophos 40 EC at 0.175% at 45 (SP2) + spraying with Thiomethoxam 25 WDG at 0.05% at 60 DAS (SP3).ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON A MOSAIC DISEASE OF COWPEA [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.](UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, BANGALORE, 1989) NAGARAJU, N; KESHAVA MURTHY, K VAbstract not AvaibaleThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OF CERTAIN EXOGENOUSLY APPLIED SUBSTANCES ON PEPPER VEIN BANDING VIRUS. TRANSMISSION, MULTIPLICATION AND SYMPTOMS IN BELL PEPPER (Capsicum annuum L.)(University of Agricultural Science, BANGALORE, 1996) NAGARAJU, N; REDDY, H RAbstract not availableThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON YELLOW MOSAIC VIRUS DISEASE OF POLE BEAN, Phaseolus vulgaris L.(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 41123) JYOTHI, V; NAGARAJU, NYellow mosaic, a begomovirus is the most important disease of pole bean. Survey in an extensively pole bean growing districts revealed that disease incidence of 59.53 and 72.63 per cent in Kolar and Chikkaballapura districts respectively with severity among the districts ranging from 20.0 to 88.44 per cent. Yellow mosaic virus (YMV) infected pole bean plants showed partial or complete yellowing of leaves, stunted growth, bearing few pods with deformity. PCR product of YMV infected sample with CP primers indicated ~500bp of DNA. YMV can infect other French bean, Lima bean, Ring bean, Horse gram and Soybean through whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci). When whiteflies where given one hour Acquisition Access Period (AAP) and Inoculation Access Period (IAP) showed 40 and 20 per cent disease transmission respectively. Forty per cent transmission resulted when single whiteflies/plant was used followed by 100 per cent when 10 flies/plant were used with 24h AAP and IAP. Cultivars, Malgudi and S-9 showed moderately resistant to YMV. YMV of pole bean can be managed effectively with the treatments viz., border crop(BC) with African tall maize + seed treatment (ST) with Imidacloprid 70% WS (5.0 gm/kg seed) + use of reflective mulch (RM) + spraying of Triazophos 40 EC at 0.175% at 30 days after sowing (DAS) (SP1) + spraying with Thiomethoxam 25WDG at 0.05% at 45 DAS (SP2) with lowest mean incidence (7.4%) and whitefly count (1.0) recorded highest yield of 32.2t/ha with Cost:Benefit ratio of 1:3.17 followed by intercrop(IC)+ST+SP1+SP2+RM (1:3.0).ThesisItem Open Access SURVEY, BIOLOGICAL & MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF CUCUMBER MOSAIC VIRUS IN GHERKIN (Cucumis anguria L.)(University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore, 41834) Kavyashri, V V; NAGARAJU, NCucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is most destructive disease on gherkin. Survey during 2013-14 revealed that, disease incidence ranging from 16.00 to 59.65 per cent with the highest incidence recorded in Kolar (51.27%) and least in Bangalore rural (17.15%). The virus was readily transmitted by sap and aphids on gherkin cv. green long and showed systemic mosaic with dark and light green or with yellow patches with slight puckering. A single vector, Aphis gossypii per plant was sufficient to transmit disease upto 20 per cent, whereas, 100 per cent transmission was obtained in A. gossypii and 90 per cent in Myzus persicae when 5 and 10 aphids per plant were used with 10 min. acquisition and inoculation access period. Ash gourd, Bottle gourd, Bush squash, Cucumber, Muskmelon, Pumpkin, Ridge gourd, Round melon and Chilli showed mosaic symptoms, Tomato showed shoestring symptom, Chenopodium and Cowpea showed necrotic local lesions upon inoculation with CMV. Virus reacted strongly to cucumovirus specific antisera through DAS-ELISA. PCR product of CMV infected sample with CPprimers indicated ~700bp-DNA and showed high nucleotide homology with the strains of CMV subgroup-IB (95-99%) and sequence conservation of nucleotide (99%) with ANstrain (subgroup-IB). CMV in gherkin was effectively managed by border crop African tall maize + reflective mulch + spraying Lastraw (0.5%) + Neemark (0.5%) + Groundnut oil (1%) at 15 days intervals which recorded the lowest mean per cent incidence (8.05) compare to control (36.00). Out of 43 genotypes screened, Hyb.11 genotype showed immune reaction to CMV.