INFLUENCE OF TOMATO LEAF CURL VIRUS (ToLCV) INFECTED HOST PLANTS ON BIOLOGY OF THE VECTOR Bemisia tabaci Genn.
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Date
2007-08-13
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BANGALORE
Abstract
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is one of the most popular and
widely grown vegetable crop cultivated for its edible fruit and as a source of
vitamin-A and C. Tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) disease and the vector whitefly
Bemisia tabaci are two major constrains in tomato production.
The present investigations have indicated indigenous whiteflies preferred
brinjal and cotton over other hosts tested for oviposition. High oviposition of B.
tabaci B-biotype was observed than indigenous type on all the host plants tested.
In case of adult mortality, none of the B. tabaci 'B-biotype' whiteflies was
dead on brinj al and cotton even after 72 hours of feeding period and however,
least mortality was observed on pumpkin (0.4) and tomato (1.0) .Whereas
indigenous B. tabaci, adult mortality was high on pumpkin (5.4) and tomato (6.5)
and low on brinjal (1.0) , cotton (1.9) , cucumber (3.1) and weed host Euphorbia
geniculata (3.4). Total developmental time was shorter in 'B- biotype' as
compared to indigenous B. tabaci, and the time taken to complete a generation by
B- biotype varied from 15 to 22 days, minimum time was observed on brinjal and
cotton
Both B. tabaci biotypes were significantly colonized and generated higher
population (immature and adults) which was almost more than double the number
on ToLCV infected tomato (1944.5 /plant) and ten times higher on ToLCV
infected E. geniculata (6162.3/plant) than on healthy.
The biochemical studies indicated that, the healthy leaves of tomato and E.
geniculata had more quantities of chlorophyll (2.33 and 1.76 mg/gm wt,
respectively), total sugars (32.81 and 35.80 mg/gm wt, respectively), phosphorous
(1.96 and 1.17 per cent, respectively) and potassium (2.19 and 1.64 per cent,
respectively) content than that of diseased samples. Higher constituents of proteins
(16.47 and 19.46 mg/gm wt, respectively), phenols (2.24 and 2.02 mg/gm wt,
respectively) and nitrogen (3.03 and 3.16 per cent, respectively) in ToLCV
infected host plants may had significant effect on whitefly fecundity.
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