Browsing by Author "Kalaiselvi, G"
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PresentationItem Open Access Incidence of mycoplasmosis in an organized pig farm(2020-02) Kalaiselvi, G; Karthik, K; Jayanthi, N; Jaisree, S; et al.; TANUVASMycoplasmosis the most common and economically important diseases which occur in swine. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniaeis the primary agent of enzootic pneumonia in pigs. A six month old grower pig died in an organized pig farm with severe emaciation and acute rhinitis and the postmortemlesions showed mucous plug on trachea and with severe nostril obstruction. The lung tissue shows catarrhal pneumoniaand alveolar emphysema along with enlargement of branchial and mediastinal lymph nodes. The tracheal exudatesand lung tissue subjected into culture isolation and identification and the DNA were extracted from both tissue as well as culture. The Molecular confirmation was done with mycoplasma group specific primers. The PCR amplified product of about 715 bp was observed in 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis. The histopathological examination of lung showed hyperplasia of the epithelial cells and an increased perivascular and peribronchiolar accumulation of mononuclear cells lymphocytes and plasmocytes, the lumen of the bronchi contains mucoid material and polymorphous inflammatory cellswith many neutrophils and some macrophages. The combined infection with Mycoplasma and Pasteurella multocidaand Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeis very common and is responsible for major economic losses in pig industries in world widePresentationItem Open Access Infectious Laryngotracheitis in a Hobby Native Chicken Farm(2020-02) Jayanthi, N; Jaisree, S; Kalaiselvi, G; Bharathi, R; et al.; TANUVASInfectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an upper respiratory tract disease of chickens caused by infectious laryngotracheitis virus(ILTV, Gallid herpesvirus 1), a member of the Alphaherpesvirinae sub-family (genus Iltovirus). A backyard holding basically as a hobby venture experienced sudden mortality of birds on the 3rd day in a newly purchased flock of 56 birds from rural areas/villages of Tiruvannamalai region. The mortality gradually spread to the resident flock with a stock of about 300 birds which were apparently normal and a good weight gain. On inspecting the farm, it was under category I farm (Village or backyard production) based on the volume of operation and level of biosecurity in the farmas per FAO classification. The birds were reared in deep litter floor, semi intensive system with less shade cover and improper ventilation in isolation shedsof infected birds. Clinically, the birds were fair in body condition, showed signs of dullness, weakness, retraction / drooping of the head and wings, closed eyes, mild conjunctivitis, mildly swollen head and cyanosis of the comb before death. The salient necropsy findings were conjunctivitis, sinusitis, severe laryngotracheitis with necro hemorrhagic mucosa, ulceration and occlusive pseudomembrane with seromucoid discharge in the trachea, serofibrinous peritonitis and cheesy material in the infraorbital sinus. Molecular screening for bacterial and viral pathogens revealed the presence of E.coli in the sinus and ovary swab. ILT was detected by PCR. Antibiogram revealed sensitivity to Cefotaxime, Intermediate sensitivity to Gentamicin, Sulphadmidine, Amoxyclav and resistance to Tetracycline. Histopathologically the tracheal mucosa and submucosa were diffusely irregular and thickened with multifocal erosion and ulceration. The tracheal mucosa was adhered by an extensive fibrino - necrotic membrane with an inflammatory infiltrate and within the mucosa, respiratory epithelial cells fused and revealed viral syncytial cell nuclei with round eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion body with a clear halo suggestive of ILT disease which was confirmed by PCR. This investigation documents the probable presence of ILT virus in a latent state in respiratory tissues in village chickens which may be reactivated by stressors such as transport or re-housingwith unfamiliar birds as in this case and warrants the need of biosecurity assessment and study of seroprevalence of respiratory diseases in village chicken flocks.ArticleItem Open Access Magnetoferritin: A Novel Magnetic Protein Cage Nanocarrier(Excellent Publishers, 2019-02) Bobade, Sumedha; Vijayarani, K; Thirumurugaan, KG; Thangavelu, A; Vairamuthu, S; Kalaiselvi, G; TANUVASNanotechnology is the rapidly expanding field and nanoparticles are omnipresent. Biological nanoparticles are assembled from molecules or atoms synthesized in a biological system. They include magnetosomes, lipoproteins, viruses, exosomes and ferritins.. A typical instance of a protein cage possessing this native biological function is ferritin. This engineered ferritin, which has the same architecture as natural H-ferritin, is termed magnetoferritin. The iron storage protein ferritin consists of a spherical polypeptide shell (apoferritin) and accommodates various metal ions. During the last two decades, the manipulation of protein cages for the encapsulation of single inorganic nanoparticles into their core to design novel hybrid bioinspired nanoparticles Such hybrid nanoparticles represent an opportunity for advanced nanotechnology applications in the nanodevices, disease diagnosis and therapy, drug delivery, vaccine development and bioassay.ArticleItem Open Access Methods of preparation of dog erythrocytic membrane antigen(2021) Kalaiselvi, G; Tirumurugaan, KG; Dhinakar Raj, G, et al.,; TANUVASchemical hypotonic osmolysis method showed high yield of membrane protein as well as less contamination with cytoplamic protein. The combination of chemical osmolysis, detergent solubilisation and sonication gave good ghost erythrocytic membrane profile in SDS - PAGE. The normal erythrocytic membrane protein pattern depends on the method of preparation and the degree of washing. Thoroughly washed membranes lack of visible band 8 and whereas globin and partially washed membranes have relatively higher quantities of bands. Small amounts of spectrin may also be lost during in vitro lysis and washing procedure.ArticleItem Open Access Nutraceuticals in Animal Feeding PracticesMalarmathi, M; Balasubramaniam, A; Kalaiselvi, G; Suresh, P; Eswaran, MA; Sumitha, P; TANUVASNutraceuticals are substances considered as food or food by products, which has a medicinal property and health benefits, These feed supplements, also called functional foods include non-nutritive compounds such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids and phytochemicals.ArticleItem Open Access Preparation and Characterization of Dog Erythrocytic Membrane Antigen(2020) Kalaiselvi, G; Tirumurugaan, KG; Dinakar Raj, G, et al.,; TANUVASDog erythrocytic membrane antigen plays a major role for determining blood group. Structural and molecular characterization of erythrocytic membrane antigen improves the production of blood typing antisera, to study the auto antibody production in canine autoimmune haemolyticanemia. The proteins in the lipid domain arranged from the inside of the erythrocyte to the outside. The integral membrane proteins include membrane protein 3 visible in coomassie Brilliant blue-stained polyacrylamide gels. The erythrocyte cytoskeleton consists of spectrin, ankyrin, actin, and protein 4.1 form a filamentous network under the lipid bilayer of erythroctic membrane. The cytoskeletal proteins interact with integral proteins and lipids of the bilayer forms network for maintaining membrane integrity. The external clustering of membrane protein 3 creates a recognition site for auto antibodies. The auto antibodies from the erythrocytes of dogs with acute immune haemolytic anemia have similar electrophoretic mobility to the human erythrocyte Rh related proteins and glycoproteins and able to immunoprecipitate membrane proteins that on SDS-PAGE and western blotting. The DEA 1 blood group system consists of antigens 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 which are most significant in terms of transfusion reactions and alloantibodies produced against DEA 3, 5 and 7 are not much clinical significance. Blood samples collected from registered donor dogs and RBC membrane were isolated by hypotonic freeze thaw method. The ghost membrane and cytoplasmic marker were identified in western blot.ArticleItem Open Access Preparation and characterization of streptavidinbiotin aptamer coated magnetic nanoparticle for colour based detection system of antibiotic residues in biological samples(2022) Kalaiselvi, G; Tirumurugaan, KG; Dhinakar Raj, G, et al.,; TANUVASAptamers are oligonucleotides that bind to a specific target molecule. Nucleic acid aptamers are usually created by selecting them from a large random sequence pool. Mostly magnetic nanoparticles are inert in nature, low toxicity and biocompatible. Functionalization of magnetic particle with an existing surface and gives a new surface with possibly new properties. Magnetic particle prepared by chemical co precipitation technique of iron salts in aqueous medium. The zeta value of -6.5Mv before coating with aptamer and 35.6 Mv after coating with OTC specific aptamer. The nanoparticle size shows 155.4nm before coating with OTC specific aptamer and 446.1nm after coating with aptamer. In case of coating, 250 μg of magnetic nanoparticle and 300 μg of streptavidin concentration shows good peroxidase activity. Polymerase chain reaction of oxytetracycline aptamer with specific primer shows amplification size 76 bp at 4% agarose gel in aptamer coated particle but negative in uncoated particle. Washing and storing of aptamer coated particle does not remove the aptamer from the surface of magnetic particle which indicates the aptamer and magnetic coupling is more stable. The DNA content of supernatant and coated magnetic particles were analysed by Nano drop which shows the coated magnetic particle have higher DNA content when compared with supernatant.ArticleItem Open Access Raman spectroscopic analysis of DEA 1.1 canine RBC membrane glyco protein and its application in canine blood typing(2022) Kalaiselvi, G; Tirumurugaan, KG; Dhinakar Raj, G; Vijayarani, K; Baranidharan, R; TANUVASDog erythrocytic membrane antigen plays a major role for determining blood group. Structural and molecular characterization of erythrocytic membrane antigen improves the production of blood typing antisera, to study the auto antibody production in canine autoimmune haemolytic anemia. The proteins in the lipid domain arranged from the inside of the erythrocyte to the outside. The integral membrane proteins include membrane protein 3 visible in Coomassie Brilliant Blue-stained polyacrylamide gels. The erythrocyte cytoskeleton consists of spectrin, ankyrin, actin and protein 4.1 form a filamentous network under the lipid bilayer of erythroctic membrane. Most characteristic bands are associated with the CO =NH group referred to as amide A have NH stretching mostly found at 3500 cm-1 wave number. The amide B had NH stretching found at the region of 3100 cm -1 and amide I & III were used to estimate the secondary structure of proteins. Amide I mode which ranges from 1580 cm-1 to 1700 cm-1 and very sensitive to the backbone conformation and not affected by the side chains. Amide I band can be de convoluted with various sub-bands which directly correlate with various secondary structures The good intensity sharp peak at the level of 1468 cm-1 and 2034.694 cm-1 were taken for 2D analysis the CCD cts scale bar shows differences between DEA1.1 positive and negative dog erythrocytic membrane antigen.