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Browsing Thesis by Author "ABHISHEK KUMAR"

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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Management of tomato fruit borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) by novel insecticide and botanical products
    (SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2021) ABHISHEK KUMAR; Dr. D.N. Mishra
    ABSTRACT Name: Abhishek kumar Id. No.: 4832/19 Semester: IV Degree : M.Sc.(Ag.) Year of Admission: 2019 Department: Entomology Major: Entomology Minor: Plant Pathology Name of Advisor: Dr. D.N. Mishra Thesis title “Management of tomato fruit borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) by using novel insecticide and botanical products” The investigation had carried out at Crop Research Centre (CRC), Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut (U.P). during Rabi 2020-21. The larvae of tomato fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hub.) was first time recorded at 51st week. The observation of the population of H. armigera larvae were record at weekly interval. The larval population was low with average population of 0.35 larvae/plant. The highest larval population at 11th Standard week with 5.80 larvae/plant. The infestation per cent increased and progressively reached peak level 13.20% of 11th standard week of the year 2021. The correlation coefficient between larval population and weather parameters, the data and revealed a positive nonsignificant correlation with maximum and minimum temperatures (r= -0.340 and r= - 0.319 respectively), relative humidity in per cent (r = -0.307), rainfall (r=0.358). the data collected at 5th , 10th and 15th days after both first and second spray. The overall per cent reduction of larval population mean highest in Chlorantraniliprole 18.50% SC in 1st spray 76.01 and in 2nd spray 82.97 .The Chlorantraniliprole 18.50% SC treated plots which gave highest plot yields mean is 200.20 and maximum reduction of population. The next best insecticide in 1st spray is Flubendiamide 20% WG followed the Lambda-cyhalothrin 4.90% SC and all other treatments. All treatment was superior to untreated control. Signature Signature ( D.N.Mishra) (Abhishek kumar) Advisor Author
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on induced biochemical changes and management of root knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) in rice crop
    (SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT- 250110 (U.P.),, 2020-12) ABHISHEK KUMAR; Dr. Kamal Khilari
    DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PATHOLOGY SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT - 250110 (U. P.), INDIA Thesis Title: “Studies on induced biochemical changes and management of root knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) in rice crop” ABSTRACT Root knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) has been reported as a serious pest of paddy, especially in light soil and irrigated upland condition. It causes damage to nurseries and main field. The main characteristic symptoms produced by M. graminicola are terminal hook shaped or spiral galls on the roots and above ground includes patches of stunted and yellowish plants in field. Survey was conducted during 2019 in different blocks of Meerut district to find out the disease incidence and infestation of root-knot nematode in rice field at nursery stage. Maximum 70.83 % prevalence and 58.33% incidence of root knot nematode was observed in Daurla block followed by 66.66% prevalence in Meerut. Minimum 5.26 % prevalence and 2.10% incidence of root knot nematode disease was recorded in Kharkhoda block. Twenty basmati rice varieties were screened against rice root knot nematode under pot condition. Out of twenty basmati varieties, four varieties viz; Pusa basmati 1121, Vallabh basmati -22, Pusa basmati-1509, Vallabh basmati-23 showed susceptible reaction and rest sixteen varieties shown moderately susceptible reaction against rice root-knot nematode. For management of rice root knot nematode, use of chemicals is becoming more expensive and undesirable due to environmental hazards. Use of bio control agents coupled with organic amendments is an eco-friendly, sustainable and economically feasible method of pest and disease management. Hence in present study, experiments were conducted to test the efficacy of different bio-control agents against root knot nematode. in this regard induction of systemic resistance against root knot nematode in rice plant after application of bioagents was also studied. Result revealed that higher accumulation of total phenol (2.36 μg catechol mg-1 protein), peroxidase (6.23), polyphenyloxidase (PPO) (3.48) change in absorbance min-1 mg-1 protein and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) 33.43 nmol transcinnamic acid m-1 mg-1 protein was recorded in induction of Trichoderma isolate S13 @ 5 g /kg of soil at 21th days after inoculation of M.graminicola. Through In vitro study the efficacy culture filtrate of selected bio-agents was tested on larval mortality and egg hatching of M. graminicola. Among all the bioagents, Trichoderma isolate S-13 was found more effective with 90.00% larval mortality and 48.33% egg hatching at 50 % concentration at 72 hours after inoculation. Whereas in control larval mortality 1.67% and egg hatching 88.33% was recorded at 72 hours. Pot experiments were conducted to study the efficacy of selected bio-agents on management of root knot nematode and plant growth parameter of rice plant. On the basis of two years observations, minimum (7.89 and 6.00) galls/plant and maximum (71.78 cm, 65.00 cm) shoot length were recorded at 60 DAS in case of Trichoderma isolates S7 when applied @ 5g/kg of soil. Field experiments were conducted during 2019 and 2020 to see the efficacy of bioagents in the management of root knot nematode. Minimum (17.89 and 26.56) galls /plants, maximum shoot length (99.00 cm & 134.33cm) and maximum yield (16.33 and 21.87 q/ha) were recorded in case of soil application of FYM @ 1kg/m2+Trichoderma isolates S13 @ 10g/m2 in years 2019 and 2020, respectively at 60 days after transplanting. On the basis of present study, it has been observed that Trichoderma isolate S13 is performing well in the management of rice root knot nematode. It may be a better component of integrated management program for rice root knot nematode management. Name: Abhishek Kumar I.D. No.: 2995 Batch: 2017-18 Degree: Ph. D. Department: Plant Pathology Advisor: Dr. Kamal Khilari Kamal Khilari (Advisor) Abhishek Kumar (Author)
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Management of Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) in rice
    (SARDAR VALLABHBHAI PATEL UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE & TECHNOLOGY, MEERUT - 250 110 (U.P.), INDIA, 2018) ABHISHEK KUMAR; Kamal Khilari
    Name: Abhishek Kumar I.D. No.: 2995 Semester and year of Admission: Ist semester,2014-15 Degree : M,Sc.(Ag.) Department : Plant Pathology Advisor: Dr. Kamal Khilari Thesis Title: Studies on Management of Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) in Rice. ABSTRACT Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. In India, rice contributes 43 per cent of the total food grain production and 46 per cent of the total cereal production. Rice crop is affected by many fungal, bacterial, viral and nematode diseases. Among the nematodes, rice root knot nematode (M. graminicola) is considered as a major problem in rainfed upland and low land rice. Root knot nematode produced different type symptoms on rice like stunted growth, leaf yellowing and wilting during the hottest part of the day. The main symptom produced by root-knot nematode was gall formation. Galls on rice roots were club shaped. Different stages of Meloidogyne were identification primarily based on observations on morphology whereas, species identification of Meloidogyne was preliminarily done by perineal pattern. In present study, a pot experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of oil cake extract against rice root knot nematode. In this experiment, eight oil cakes viz. Neem, cotton, linseed, groundnut, sunflower, sesamum, mustard and mahua oil cake were taken. It was observed that many tested oil cake significantly reduced the galls/plant than compare to control. At 30 DAS, minimum galls/plant (0.78) was recorded in neem @ 50gm/5kg soil. Most of tested oil cakes were also increased the growth parameters (shoot length, root length, shoot weight and root weight) than compare to control. The nematicidal activity of extract of oil cakes was also tested against J2 of M. graminicola. At 5% concentration, maximum larval mortality (89%) was observed in linseed cake extract after 48 hours of inoculation. After 72 hours of inoculation, 100% larval mortality was observed in all tested cake extract. At 10% concentration, after 48 hours of inoculation, maximum larval mortality (100%) was observed in linseed cake extract followed by neem cake extract (99.67%). At 25% concentration, all tested oil cake extract were effective against J2 of M. graminicola with 100% larval mortality within 24 hours of inoculation. It can be concluded that oil cakes reduced the galls/plant and increased plant growth parameters (shoot length, root length, shoot weight and root weight). Kamal Khilari (Advisor) Abhishek Kumar (Author)