PROCESS DEVELOPMENT FOR PRODUCTION OF BIO-DIESEL FROM MICROALGAE 1960
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Date
2014-11
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JAU,JUNAGADH
Abstract
Microalgae biomass is suggested as a more sustainable feedstock for biofuel
production than conventional biofuel crops. Advantages of algae cultivation are: no
dependence on arable land, low nutrient losses and related emissions, possibility of
using sea and waste water resources and the possibility of flue gas CO2 recycling.
Micro-algae are the fastest growing photosynthesizing unicellular organisms and can
complete an entire growing cycle every few days. Cultivation depends on various
aspects such as light, nutrient and carbon availability and competition with other
species and is generally done in open ponds or closed bioreactors. Closed systems have
higher yield due to better control and optimization. Combination of both open and
closed systems into a hybrid system is argued to have better overall feasibility.
In this study, microalgae {Chlorella sp.) was used for the production of
biodiesel. Microalgae was harvested for 15 days interval up to 160 days. The
productivity of algae was obtained as 1.5 gm/liter/day. Physico-chemical properties of
algae viz bulk density, colour, particle size and physical state at room temperature as
physical properties and moisture content, lipid content, protein content and
carbohydrate as chemical properties of algae were determined and found to be 0.4 g/cc,
green, 2-10 pm,dry powder form , 3.48 %, 8- 10 %, 51- 58 % and 12-17 %
respectively. For the oil extraction, using two extraction solvent systems, Hexane/ether
(1:1, v/v) and Chloroform/ methanol (2:1, v/v). Hexane/ ether (1:1, v/v) extraction
solvent system resulted in low lipid recoveries (4.8 % dry weight) whilechlorofomt/
ntethanol (2: 1, v/v) extraction solvent systen, was proved to be more"
efficent for hptd and biodiesel extraction (9.0% dry weight) depending on algal
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RENEWABLE ENERGY AND RURAL ENGINEERING