Management of Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) in Stored Chickpea, Cicer arietinum (L.) with Special Reference to Ecofriendly Approaches
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Date
2022
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Abstract
The investigations on the ‘Management of pulse beetle,
Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) in stored chickpea, Cicer arietinum (L.) with
special reference to ecofriendly approaches’ was conducted in the
Department of Entomology at S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner
(Rajasthan) during 2021.
Out of five plant oils evaluated at three dosage levels (5.0, 7.5 and
10%) and four insecticides at two dosage levels (0.05 and 0.1%) as
surface protectants of packaging material, minimum adult emergence was
recorded in deltamethrin 2.8% EC at 0.1% (0.67- 3.33 adults) and neem
oil 10% (1.33- 8.33 adults). Similar trend of weight loss was recorded in
these treatments. Minimum grain damage was recorded in deltamethrin
2.8% EC at 0.1 % (0.33- 2.33%). It was followed by deltamethrin 2.8% EC
at 0.05% (0.67- 5.00%) and spinetoram 11.7% SC at 0.1% (1.33- 6.33%).
No adverse effect of surface treated gunny bags was registered on
germination of the chickpea seeds.
Out of seven plant oils, evaluated at three dosage levels (0.1, 0.5
and 1.0%) as seed protectants against pulse beetle, C. chinensis, the
minimum fecundity was observed in mustard oil 1.0% (7.67- 23.00 eggs).
It was followed by sesame oil 1.0% (11.67- 31.67 eggs) and cotton seed
oil 1.0% (13.67- 35.67 eggs). The adult emergence was minimum in
mustard oil 1.0% (0.00- 2.67 adults). It was followed by sesame oil 1.0%
(0.00- 3.33 adults) and cotton seed oil 1.0% (0.00- 4.67 adults). No adult
emergence took place upto 60 days of treatment of chickpea seeds with
mustard oil 1.0%. It was followed by sesame oil 1.0% and cotton seed oil
1.0%. Similar trend of seed damage and weight loss was recorded in
these treatments. No adverse effect on germination of chickpea seedsOut of five insect growth regulators evaluated at four dosage levels
(1, 5, 10 and 15 ppm), three neem products and a standard check
evaluated at one dosage level (2 ppm) as seed protectants against pulse
beetle, C. chinensis, the minimum fecundity was observed in NSKE 5.0%
(0.00- 8.33 eggs). It was followed by azadirachtin 0.15% EC at 1500 ppm
(0.00- 11.33 eggs) and neem oil 1% (0.00- 11.33 eggs). No egg laying
was recorded upto 60 days of treatment of chickpea seed with
azadirachtin 0.15% EC at 1500 ppm. No adult emergence was recorded
upto 120 days of treatment of chickpea seeds with azadirachtin 0.15% EC
at 1500 ppm, NSKE 5.0% and neem oil 1%. Similar trend of seed damage
and weight loss was recorded in these treatments. No adverse effect on
germination of chickpea seeds was recorded in the insect growth regulator
treated seeds.
Out of eight exposure periods of UV rays (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and
16 min.) against pulse beetle, C. chinensis, the minimum egg laying was
observed on treatments exposed to 16 min (42 eggs/ 2 females) followed
by 14 min (48 eggs/ 2 females) and 12 min (54 eggs/ 2 females). Similar
trend of hatchability percentage, pupation percentage and adult
emergence was recorded in these treatments. No adverse effect on
germination of chickpea seeds was recorded in UV radiation treated
seeds.
Out of six coloured polythene bag exposed to solar radiation for
three exposure periods viz., 5, 10 and 15 hours against pulse beetle, C.
chinensis, no adult emergence was observed in treatments exposed to
sun in black and blue colour polythene bags for 15 hours. Least grain
damage was observed in black coloured polythene bag (1.84 %), it was
followed by blue coloured bag (2.58 %) and green coloured bag (3.26 %).
Similar trend of weight loss and adult mortality was recorded in these
treatments. The per cent seed germination significantly decreased with
increase in exposure periods for each coloured polythene bag.