GENETIC DIVERSITY STUDIES IN OAT (Avena sativa L.) FOR FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY PARAMETERS
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Date
2023
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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out at Forage Research Farm, RVC, Birsa Agriculture University, Ranchi during Rabi 2021-22. The experimental material for the present study comprised of thirty-four oat genotypes including three checks.
The field experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) in three replications and data were recorded for fourteen morphological, quality and yield attributing traits. Data were analysed to find out the estimate of variability, heritability (broad sense), genetic advance, correlation coefficient and path coefficient.
The analysis of variance revealed highly significant difference among the genotypes for all the yield attributing traits. Wide range of variability was found in days to 50% flowering (89.3-101.7), plant height (91.7-112.3 cm) and number of tillers per meter length (111-213.3).
The highest genotypic variance was observed in number of tillers per meter length (908.3). The highest phenotypic variance was recorded in number of tillers per meter length (1197.7). The character which showed higher GCV was crude protein % (20.34) and the characters which showed higher PCV was no. of tillers/meter length (21.10) and crude protein % (20.70). High heritability coupled with high genetic advance expressed in percentage of mean was observed for two characters viz., crude protein % and number of tillers per meter length.
In the present experiment green fodder yield showed a positive significant correlation with days to 50% flowering, leaf /stem ratio and crude protein. All the genotypes were grouped into thirteen clusters. Cluster-I having the largest number of genotypes i.e., twelve genotypes followed by cluster-II having six genotypes, cluster-IX and cluster-XI having three genotypes each and rest are having one genotype each in clusters-III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, X, XII & XIII. The maximum contribution towards divergence was observed for Crude protein (41.1 %) followed by days to 50 % flowering (20.9%), dry matter yield (14.4 %) and ADF (13.01 %). The genotypes HFO-904, HFO-619 and SKO-240 were the most promising ones and they may be adapted to the agro-ecological condition of Jharkhand. This can bring substantial increase in green fodder yield and crude protein (%). Besides this some of the germplasm can be selected for use as donors for many favorable traits in future breeding programme.