ASSESSMENT OF POND PRODUCTION OF PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMP, Litopenaeus vannamei (BOONE, 1931) CULTURE IN GUJARAT STATE 3037
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Date
2020-06
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JAU, JUNAGADH
Abstract
Shrimp aquaculture industry has shown the highest economic growth
worldwide. Black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and the pacific white shrimp
(Litopenaeus vannamei) are the main two species that contribute to the higher portion
of shrimp aquaculture. India ranks first in shrimp export due to great development in
brackishwater aquaculture. Shrimp farming has been also developing actively in
Gujarat. Currently approximately 15,000 ha are used for brackishwater shrimp
production out of the land available 376,000 ha. The main districts for this activities
are Valsad, Navsari, Surat and Bharuch, of which Surat is the foremost brackish
aquaculture district. The present study was carried out at aquaculture shrimp farms of
six districts of Gujarat i.e, Gir-somnath, Amreli, Bhavnagar, Surat, Navsari, Valsad
during the year 2018 to assess the pond production and to document the soil
parameters, water parameters and planktonic groups found in shrimp culture pond.
Five ponds from each selected districts was randomly selected. All selected shrimp
farms were visited on a monthly interval for water sample and data collection. Details
of stocking of shrimp seed, feed etc. were collected from shrimp farms during March
to September 2018. The soil & water quality parameters, weight gain, FCR and
survival were evaluated. Pond sizes of selected districts were significantly different
(P<0.01) with highest mean value (sq.mt) 9200±1095.445 found in Surat while lowest ii
mean value 6300±374.166 found in Amreli. Stocking density of selected districs were
statistically significantly different (P<0.01) with highest mean value (nos./sq.mt)
34±9.91 found in Gir-somnath while 24±2.263 was found in Amreli. Pond production
of selected districts were statistically not significantly different (P<0.01) with highest
mean value of pond production (kg/ha) 8252±200.227 was found in Gir-somnath
while lowest 5932±688.871 was found in Valsad. Harvest size of selected districts
were statistically significantly different (P<0.01) with highest mean value of harvest
size (gm) 32.07±1.473 was found in Amreli while lowest 21.99±2.183was found in
Gir-Somnath. Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) of selected districts were statistically
significantly different (P < 0.01) with highest mean value of FCR 1.73±0.131 was
found in Surat while lowest 1.21±0.125 FCR was found in Gir-Somnath. Culture
period (days) of selected districts were statistically significantly different (P<0.01)
with highest mean value (days) 169.8±4.817 was found in Navsari while lowest
126.0±8.216 was found in Valsad. Growth rate (gm/day) of selected districts were
statistically significantly different (P<0.01) with highest mean value of growth rate
(gm/day) 0.22±0.016 was found in Amreli while lowest 16±0.015 was found in Gir somnath with value. Survival rate of selected districts were statistically not
significantly different (P<0.01) with the highest mean value of survival rate (%)
92±6.602 was found in Bhavnagar while 81±2.881was found in Amreli. Water
parameters were statistically significantly different (P<0.01) except alkalinity which is
not significantly different among all the ponds. Soil parameters of selected districts
also statistically significantly different (P<0.01). The present study has given the
culture parameters. To sustain the present culture practices in Gujarat, it is being
recommended to adopt better farm husbandry. The study has also provided essential
information on which further studies can be carried out to evaluate impact of water
parameters on growth & survival and also supports protection and decision making
for sustainable development in the coastal districts of Gujarat.