GENETIC DIVERSITY STUDIES IN DOLICHOS BEAN (Lablab purpureus L.)
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Date
2023
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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi
Abstract
The genetic diversity among 45 genotypess of Dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus
L.) was assessed for twenty-one quantitative and qualitative traits including disease-pest
incidence. The experiment was conducted during the Kharif season 2021-2022 at the
Experimental farm of Department of Horticulture, Ranchi Agriculture College, Birsa
Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, India with four check entries [Swarna Uttakrisht
(C-1), Swarna Rituvar (C-2), LC-1 (C-3) and LC-2(C-4)] in an augmented design using
three blocks. A substantial variability among the accessions for quantitative traits, and
bruchid and pod borer infestations, except for the number of branches per plant, was
documented. The estimates of heritability were high for all the traits studied. The
phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation, which reflect the average interaccession
differences, were moderate. However, these are useful statistics to understand
variability among the accessions. The germplasm was grouped into seven clusters
following Wards minimum variance clustering approach with significant deviations
among clusters. The intra-cluster distance was lower compared to inter-cluster distance.
Some of the accessions were superior to the check HA-4. The results could be used to
adopt suitable strategies for breeding Dolichos bean aiming at improved productivity.
Dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus L.) 2n=2x=22, 24 is an important leguminous
vegetable crop grown throughout the country and is commonly known as Sem and it is
member of Fabaceae family. The present investigation was carried out during the Kharif
season 2021-2022 at the Experimental farm of Department of Horticulture, Ranchi
Agriculture College, Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi. Total forty-five
genotypes of dolichos bean and four checks [Swarna Uttakrisht (C-1), Swarna Rituvar (C-
2), LC-1 (C-3) and LC-2(C-4)] were taken for present investigation. Observations were
recorded on twenty-one quantitative and qualitative traits including disease-pest incidence
under this study in an augmented design using three blocks. Correlation of different traits
with yield and among themselves was also studied. Direct and indirect effects of different
traits on yield were estimated at phenotypic level in addition to GCV, PCV, Heritability
and Genetic advance. For diversity cluster analysis statistics was adopted. Genotypes were
found significant for all the characters under study except days to first picking. Phenotypic
variance was higher than genotypic variance for all the traits and similar trend was
followed for PCV and GCV. High PCV and GCV was found for 10 pod weight and number
of pods per plant. High heritability in broad sense was recorded for the traits no. of pods
per plant, 10 pod weight and yield per hectare. High genetic advance as percent of mean
was recorded for the traits yield per plant followed by number of pods per plant and yield
per hectare. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was
observed for number of flower per cluster suggested that selection of this trait may be
effective as heritability is most likely due to additive gene effects. Yield per plant was
negatively correlated and highly significant with number of pods per plant. It was also
found that the yield per plant was positively correlated and highly significant with dry seed
weight.
Mahalanobis D2 statistics revealed five clusters. Among the four clusters, cluster
IV (25 genotypes) consisted of maximum genotypes followed by cluster II (11 genotypes)
and cluster IV and I were mono-genotypic. Trait 100-seed weight showed maximum
contribution towards the genetic divergence. The qualitative traits flower colour, seed
colour and seed testa texture were able to distinguish dolichos bean genotypes and thus
can be used for germplasm characterization in chickpea as per guidelines of DUS test.