STUDIES ON SMALL MILLETS ISOLATES OF Pyricularia grisea AND ITS ECO-FRIENDLY MANAGEMENT ON FINGER MILLET
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Date
2018
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Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand-6
Abstract
India is the largest producer of many kinds of millets, which are often referred to as
coarse cereals. They are now considered as “Nutria-cereals” (nutritious grains) owing to their
high calcium, iron, fiber and other quality effects. These nutria-cereals are the important dry land
crops comprising of finger millet (Eleusine coracana), kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum),
foxtail millet (Setaria italica), little millet (Panicum sumatrense), barnyard millet (Echinochloa
frumentacea) and proso millet (Panicum miliaceum). Though the crop is less prone to diseases
and pests but under vulnerable condition, blast caused by Pyricularia grisea (Cooke) Sacc.
Telemorph of heterothallic ascomycetes, Magnaporthe grisea (Hebert) Barr. [Anamorph:] had
wide host range of Gramineae and taken heavy toll of the crop in various ecological zones.
18 monoconidial isolates of P. grisea were obtained from four different Small millets
sowing characteristic symptom on foliage. Among them, only four isolates were selected and
designated as Pg1, Pg2, Pg3 and Pg4 based on their growth characteristics and respective host for
intensive characterization.
Studies on morphological character of different isolates of P. grisea revealed that the
variation with respect to shape, colour, septation and size of conidiophores and conidia. The
mycelia of the isolates were highly branched, septate, superficial and bearing conidia at the tip or
side of the conidiophores. In all isolates, conidia were two septate, three celled with broad base
and pointed apex having pyriform shape except Pg3 formed sub pyriform with slightly constrict
apex. Among the isolates, the size of conidia was largest in Pg3.
Studies on cultural variability of different isolates on four media (Potata dextrose
agar, Corn meal agar, C’zapek Dox agar and Richardʼs agar media) showed considerable
variations. Maximum radial growth of all isolates was obtained on PDA media and minimum on
RA media. Colony colour of all isolates showed variation on different media. On PDA all
isolates produced greyish white to milky white colony. On CMA media Pg1 and Pg4 isolate
exhibited greyish black colony. On CDA media all isolates formed dull to buff white colony
whereas, on RA media all isolates produced greyish buff white colonies. Colony texture of all
isolates showed variation on different media recorded isolates on all media were raised, course to
smooth with uniform, medium to poor growth
Cross inoculation studies revealed that the isolate of finger millet (Pg1) and isolate of
foxtail millet (Pg4) were found to be cross infective with each other whereas the isolate of proso
millet (Pg3) and little millet (Pg2) were non-infective on other hosts.
In-vitro efficiency of seven plant extracts were evaluated against P. grisea isolates at two
5% and 10% concentrations by poisoned food technique and the result indicated that Zuki (herbal
control product) shows maximum mycelial growth inhibition among all plant extracts evatuated.
Among bio-control agents other than botanicals, T. viride, inhibited the growth of finger
millet isolate Pg1 and foxtail millet isolate Pg4 whereas, P. fluorescens recorded maximum
inhibition on isolates of little millet Pg2 and isolate of proso millet Pg3 .
Varietal screening through host plant resistance reaction revealed that out of 23 genotypes of
finger millet only one genotype, VL352 recorded highly resistant reaction whereas, ten
genotypes (GPU 94, VR 936, GPU 67, BR 14-3, GPU 93, KMR 630, GPU 48, VL 386, GPU 48,
and VL379) showed resistant reaction against leaf neck and finger blast.
Eco-friendly management through botanical and bio-control agents resulted that seed
treatment with T. viride @ 4g/kg + 1st foliar spray with Zuki @ 0.1% + two foliar spray with P.
fluorescens @ 0.6% recorded maximum diseases control 55.55 per cent and 61.42 per cent in
neck blast and finger blast respectively, with highest grain yield 1530.87 kg/ha.
Description
STUDIES ON SMALL MILLETS ISOLATES OF Pyricularia grisea AND ITS ECO-FRIENDLY MANAGEMENT ON FINGER MILLET
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