STUDIES ON THE PARASITES OF GOAT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CONTROL OF CESTODE INFECTION, IN AND AROUND RANCHI
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Date
2011
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Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand
Abstract
Goat rearing is the most common practice which is gaining popularity day by day
in the tribal belt of Jharkhand. During last decade it has been observed that among
different areas of live-stock sector, the goatry is coming up with a faster pace. The
people who have been engaged in animal husbandry practices are showing their
inclination and interest towards goat rearing. The weaker section people of the society
are mainly associated with this occupation. Now a day the goat rearing is profitable due
to demand of meat, milk, and hide and fiber production. One can also exploit it for other
diversified purposes like commercial antiserum production etc. Considering the liking
and advantages being taken by the poor rural people from the goat husbandry, several
small and large scale goat improvement projects have been launched in the country
during the recent past two decades by the government and non-government
organizations. But the proper progress in the mission is still insignificant because of the
improper and inadequate attention being given towards the health hazards affecting
goats during their intensive and semi-intensive rearing.
As per livestock census 2003, total goat population of India is 124.36 million. Out
of which Jharkhand has 5.03 million goat populations which is 4.05% of India and 11.58
of eastern India goat population.
Goat is one of the important animals kept under intensive and mixed farming
which is prone to various diseases. The parasites are the common causes of mortality
and morbidity in them. The effort can be facilitated by improving health status of goats
through early diagnosis of disease occurrence, suitable treatment and implementation
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of required prophylactic and control measures against various types of parasitic diseases
prevalent in goats.
The knowledge of prevalence of various parasitic infections in goats represents
the most urgent need for control measures of different health hazards. Parasites
normally do not cause immediate death of the host but morbidity is high which
ultimately affects production (Sahai et al., 1994). Most loss due to parasitic infection
occurs due to impairment of growth and production rather than to death It is not
possible to estimate the severity of the infection and hence the production loss, by
clinical signs, which may indeed be absent or in most cases, by the use of diagnostic
tests.
Infestation of ecto and endo parasites in goat are of great economic importance
and are responsible for undermining health and production of goat due to blood loss,
itching enormous. Detailed information on the prevalence of various ecto and endo
parasites of goat in Jharkhand.
Among the various parasitic infections in goats, cestodes play an important role
in causing heavy morbidity in goats.
Therefore, the present study was conducted to know the prevalence of various
species of ecto and endo parasites infesting goat in and around Ranchi. Pathogenesis,
hematological alterations and control measures with chemicals and herbal compounds
against cestode infection were evaluated.
Prevalence of common G.I parasites viz. Haemonchus infecting goats in and
around Ranchi was obseved (viz. Haemonchus spp. Strongyloides spp., Trichuris spp.,
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Paramphistomum spp., Monezia spp. and Eimeria spp.). The overall prevalence of G.I
parasite was reduced as 87.14%.
Goats between the age group of six to twelve months had highest percentage of
infection i.e. 92.66 per cent. Goats were more susceptible to G.I parasites (94.23%) in
rainy season. Female goats were more susceptible to G.I parasites infection (91.03%).
Prevalence of common ecto-parasites in goats was 24.64%. The most common
ecto-parasites were Sarcoptes scabiei and linognathus spp. In goats of above twelve
month of age group, the prevalence of ecto-parasite was highest (31%). Female goats
were more susceptible to ecto-parasitic infection (27.71%). Goats were more
susceptible to ecto-parasitic infection (38.59%) in summer season.
The status of E.P.G in cestode infected goats after treatment in different groups
was observed. Based on EPG Praziquantel treated group showed better drug
effectiveness to that of Helmex and cow urine. No marked changes in Hb%, PCV%,
TEC(x106/cumm),TLC(x103/cumm), Moncyte(%) and Basophil(%) was recorded in all
infected non treated groups as well as treated groups. Minor changes were found in
eosinophils count (%) between infected-treated groups and infected non-treated groups
of goats. Infected non-treated group showed more eosinophilic count. No major change
was recorded in blood-glucose concentration in all infected -treated as well as infecteduntreated
groups of goats.
Out of the three drugs tested for anti-parasitic antihelminthic efficacy only
Praziquintel was found to be highly effective, rest of the two agent viz. Helmex and cow
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urine were found ineffective, hence on the basis of above observation it is concluded
that Praziquintal may be recommended for antihelminthic use in goats.
Description
STUDIES ON THE PARASITES OF GOAT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CONTROL OF CESTODE INFECTION, IN AND AROUND RANCHI
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